围填海对滨海湿地生态服务功能及其阈值的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202602.002

生态学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 383-391.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202602.002

• 湿地生态与可持续利用专栏 • 上一篇下一篇

围填海对滨海湿地生态服务功能及其阈值的影响

陈晨宇¹,安迪²,商放泽¹,张天歌^2,3,邢军¹,赵晖²,陈慧源¹,杨文⁴,耿其芳⁵,冯虹毓^2,3,夏露^2,3,安树青^2,3*

（¹中电建生态环境集团有限公司，广东深圳 518102； ²南京大学常熟生态研究院，南大（常熟）研究院有限公司，江苏苏州 215501； ³南京大学生命科学学院，南京 210046； ⁴陕西师范大学生命科学学院，西安 710119； ⁵山东农业大学林学院，山东泰安 271018）

出版日期:2026-02-10 发布日期:2026-08-01

Impacts of coastal reclamation on ecological services and their thresholds in coastal wetlands.

CHEN Chenyu¹, AN Di², SHANG Fangze¹, ZHANG Tiange^2,3, XING Jun¹, ZHAO Hui², CHEN Huiyuan¹, YANG Wen⁴, GENG Qifang⁵, FENG Hongyu^2,3, XIA Lu^2,3, AN Shuqing^2,3*

(¹PowerChina Eco-environmental Group Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518102, Guangdong, China; ²Nanjing University Ecological Research Institute of Changshu, Nanjing University Research Institute (Changshu) Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215501, Jiangsu, China; ³School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China; ⁴College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi, China; ⁵Forestry College, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China).

Online:2026-02-10 Published:2026-08-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 围填海作为人类开发和利用海洋的重要手段之一，能够有效促进沿海地区的经济发展，同时也对滨海湿地的生态环境造成了不利影响，从而威胁其可持续发展。为探究围填海对滨海湿地生态服务功能的影响，本研究以长江三角洲湿地——盐城湿地和黄河三角洲湿地为研究区域，基于各类型围填海的面积及其属性特征值，构建生态完整性受损程度指数（ED），探究了生态服务功能值（ES）及其临界和突变阈值以及生态服务功能变化。结果表明，红树林滨海湿地总生态服务功能值最大，随后为河口水域、盐沼近海水域和滩涂，生态服务功能与水文连通性的相关度最大。根据ED和ES的关系，围填海湿地可分为补偿期（围填比0～6.23%）、加速下降期（围填比6.23%～40.08%）、减速下降期（围填比40.08%～93.38%）和失控期（围填比93.38%～100.00%）；盐沼生态系统生态完整性受损程度随围填海类型面积比例的缩小而增加。本研究提出的生态服务功能值损失最小的围填海优化组合模式，可为建立湿地生态服务功能评估方法以及揭示围填海作用下服务功能变化规律提供科学指导。

关键词: 围填海, 生态完整性受损指数, 生态服务功能, 阈值

Abstract: Reclamation, as one of the main means for humans to utilize the ocean, with consequences on economic development in coastal areas. However, it might have adverse impacts on the ecological environment of coastal wetlands, thereby threatening the sustainable development. We investigated the impacts of reclamation on the ecological services of wetlands in Yangtze River Delta (Yancheng wetland) and the Yellow River Delta. Based on the area and attribute characteristics of various reclamation types, we constructed an ecological integrity damage index (ED) to estimate the ecological service value (ES), the thresholds of critical and abrupt change, as well as the changes in ecological services. The results showed that mangrove coastal wetlands had the highest total ES value, followed by estuarine waters, salt marsh nearshore waters, and tidal flats. Ecological services showed the strongest correlation with hydrological connectivity. Based on the relationship between ED and ES, reclaimed wetlands could be classified into four phases: compensatory phase (reclamation ratio 0-6.23%), accelerated decline phase (reclamation ratio 6.23%-40.08%), decelerated decline phase (reclamation ratio 40.08%-93.38%), and out-of-control phase (reclamation ratio 93.38%-100.00%). The degree of ecological integrity damage in salt marsh ecosystems increased with decreasing proportional area of reclamation types. The optimal reclamation combination model proposed in this study, which minimizes ecological service value loss, can provide scientific guidance for establishing wetland ecological service function assessment methods and revealing the dynamics of ecosystem services under reclamation.

Key words: coastal reclamation, ecological integrity damage index, ecological service function, threshold

陈晨宇, 安迪, 商放泽, 张天歌, 邢军, 赵晖, 陈慧源, 杨文, 耿其芳, 冯虹毓, 夏露, 安树青. 围填海对滨海湿地生态服务功能及其阈值的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(2): 383-391.

CHEN Chenyu, AN Di, SHANG Fangze, ZHANG Tiange, XING Jun, ZHAO Hui, CHEN Huiyuan, YANG Wen, GENG Qifang, FENG Hongyu, XIA Lu, AN Shuqing. Impacts of coastal reclamation on ecological services and their thresholds in coastal wetlands.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2026, 45(2): 383-391.

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围填海对滨海湿地生态服务功能及其阈值的影响

Impacts of coastal reclamation on ecological services and their thresholds in coastal wetlands.

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