Loading...
Welcome to Chinese Journal of Ecology! Today is Share:

Table of Content

    10 June 2001, Volume 20 Issue 03
    Classification and Geographical Distribution of the Maturity Groups of Summer Planting Soybeans in China
    Wang Yueshen, Kan Xianzhao, Gai Junyi
    2001, (3):  1-3. 
    Asbtract ( 2078 )   PDF (398KB) ( 331 )  
    The geographical distribution of maturity groups classified with international standard for summer planting types was analysed for main distribution regions.It was shown for each maturity group that there are one or two regions in which soybeans were distributed more densely than in other regions. The knowledge of geographical distribution of the maturity groups of soybean in China could help to study seed exchanges among different eco-regions in China and among different countries in the world.
    Eco-Toxicology of Heavy Metal on the Inhibition of Seed Germination and Root Elongation of Turnip in Soil
    Song Yufang, Xu Huaxia, Ren Liping, Gong Ping, Zhou Qixing
    2001, (3):  4-8. 
    Asbtract ( 1465 )   PDF (566KB) ( 1136 )  
    The eco toxicity of Cu,Zn,Pb and Cd in the single form on the inhibition of seed germination and root elongation of turnip was tested with four types of soils (red loam soils,meadow brown soils,chestnut soils and dark brown soils),and their combined effect was determined with meadow brown soils.Data showed that with the same content of heavy metals,the root elongation was more strongly inhibited than the seed germination,indicating that root is more sensitive to heavy metals pollution than seed germination.The inhibition rates of heavy metals on the root elongation (IRHMRE)of turnip were significantly negatively related to the contents of organic matter (OR) and Kjedahl nitrogen (KN) in soils.However,there were no significant relationship between IRHMRE and soil pH,and so does the content of T K.A slight antagonism effect in root elongation was produced when Cu,Zn,Pb and Cd were combined in the concentrations.Zn,Pb and Cd resulted in the incentive effect,while Cu gave an inhibition in the single form.Furthermore,additive effect was shown when Cu,Zn,Pb and Cd were combined in the inhibition concentrations(IC>10%)of single form.
    Temporal Change of the Phenolic Acids in Soil with Returning Wheat Residues and Their Effects on the Seedling Growth and the Yield of Summer Corn
    Hu Xiaojun, Zheng Haohao, Jia Jingye, Wu E, Xing jianjun, Zhang Keyin
    2001, (3):  9-11,8. 
    Asbtract ( 1269 )   PDF (200KB) ( 204 )  
    At two fertility levels, the concentrations of phenolic acids in the field of summer corn with returning wheat residues were measured, and the growth of seedlings and the yield were investigated. The results showed that: the maximum release of the phenolic acid occurred at the 41st day after returning wheat residues. Fertilizer application could lower the content of the phenolic acid in the soil. Returning wheat residues had no obvious effects on the germination rate of the corn, but could inhibit the growth of seedlings.When no fertilizers were applied, returning wheat residues could increase the corn yield, Nand Pcontent in the seed and N and P uptake from cropland. However, the same result couldn’t be obtained when fertilizers were applied.The phenolicacids, which were produced in the process of decomposing of wheat residues, may cause such inhibitions.
    Ontogenetic Changes in Sexual Dimorphism in Head Size and Food Habits in the Chinese Skink,Eumeces Chinensis
    Ma Xiaomei, Ji Xiang
    2001, (3):  12-16. 
    Asbtract ( 3960 )   PDF (263KB) ( 328 )  
    The Chinese skink (Eumeces chinensis) is sexually dimorphic in both body size and head size,and males are the larger.A comprehensive analysis of the ecological and evolutionary sources of sex differences in growth and size of head requires a detailed understanding of growth trajectories during ontogeny.Here,we pay particular attention to the point during ontogeny at which males and females diverge.Hatchlings (newly emerged young) and juveniles smaller than 70 mm SVL do not exhibit sexual dimorphism in head size,whereas males and females larger than 70mm SVL begin to diverge.The sexual dimorphism in head size is much more pronounced in adults than in juveniles sharing this character.Adult females partition relatively less resources into head growth but more into carcass growth,thereby leaving a larger space for eggs so as to increase reproductive output.Adult males,on the contrary,partition relatively more resources into head growth,thereby increasing their reproductive success and enhancing their ability to defend predators.Skinks at different ontogenetic stages slightly differ in food niche width and breadth.However,no direct evidence shows a substantial contribution of the divergence in head size to the segregation of food niche between males and females.Our results indicate that sexual selection is the main evolutionary source of sexual dimorphism in body and head sizes in E.chinensis .
    Comparision Studies on Rice Hopper Egg-Parasitoid Commuinties between IPM and Non-IPM Rice Ecosystems
    Mao Runqian, Gu Dexiang, Zhang Guren, Zhang Wenqing
    2001, (3):  17-20. 
    Asbtract ( 1380 )   PDF (433KB) ( 244 )  
    Hopper egg parasitoid communities in rice field were made up of Mymaridae and Trichogrammatidae. Anagrus ,which belonged to Mymaridae was the most numerous genus in the communities.In order of number: Anagrus>Gonatocerus>Neurotes>Mymar.The percentage of Trichogrammatidae was always low.The parasitiods of Mymaridae were the dominant natural enemies to rice hoppers,and had higher percentage in IPM rice fields than that in non IPM ones.The dynamics of the communities had close relationship with the growth of rice,and could be divided into three steps: reestablishment,development and collapse.The hopper egg parasitoid communities in IPM rice fields reestablished more quickly,developed more steadily,and collapsed more gently than those in non IPM ones.
    Avian Diversity in the Mangrove Wetland of Dongzhaigang
    Zou Fasheng, Song Xiaojun, Chen Kang, Chen wei, Zheng Xinren
    2001, (3):  21-23. 
    Asbtract ( 1376 )   PDF (465KB) ( 609 )  
    The paper reported the results of avian survey in the mangrove wetland of Dongzhaigang from 1997 to 1998.It showed that 78 species of birds were recorded,and belong to 12 orders 26 families.Of these birds,35 species and 43 species were migratory birds and resident birds respectively. 9 species were secone class nationaly protected birds;32 species were on the list of China-Japan Agreement for Protection of Migratory Birds;14 species were on the list of China Australia Agreement for Protection of Migratory Birds.The number of bird species varied with seasons.The trends were winter>autumn>spring>summer on upland,respectively.The avian diversity index and evenness index were greater on upland than on mudflat in summer.The avian diversity index was greater and the avian evenness index was less on mudflat than on upland in autumn.The avian diversity index and evenness index were greater on mudflat than upland in winter.
    Outline of Rice Paddy Pisciculture and Cropland Ecology
    Zhang Chengyuan, Shan Zhifen, Zhao Liansheng
    2001, (3):  24-26. 
    Asbtract ( 4140 )   PDF (357KB) ( 401 )  
    Rice paddy pisciculture can bring out the latent power of production of rice paddy ecosystem,improve the relationships among organisms in the rice field,change the direction of energy conversion and coordinate the relationship between organisms and abiotic environment,rice,the largest primary producer,can keep organic contact with fish,the largest consumer,after carying out rice paddy pisciculture.In this way,anecological system is formed in wich rice and fish live together.The method not only adapts the change of natural conditions but also avoids environmental polution.Because of its obvious economic,ecological and social benefits,we must fully understand this method and carry it forward with appropriate measures.
    Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza on Resistance of Plants to Environmental Stress
    Wang Shuguang, Lin Xiangui, Shi Yaqin
    2001, (3):  27-30. 
    Asbtract ( 1272 )   PDF (448KB) ( 835 )  
    Due to occasionally changing natural environment,plants are always threatened by drought, waterlogging ,high or low temperature,acidity,saline-alkali and so on.Therefore,the physiological,biochemical and ecological studies on plants under environmental stress have become a hot field.Much research indicates that AM can improve the ability of plants to resist environmental stress.This article briefly reviewed the recent studies about the effects of AM on resistance of plants to environmental stress,especially to drought,saline and acidity,and the possible physiological and biochemical mechanisms are discussed as well.
    Research Review on Wetland Ecosystem Health
    Cui Baoshan, Yang Zhifeng
    2001, (3):  31-36. 
    Asbtract ( 1241 )   PDF (233KB) ( 1188 )  
    The study on wetland ecosystem health(WEH) belongs to a new field.At present,there is not an operational definition into practice yet,and the information from national and international studies on WEH is not enough to form a system.Especially in China the studies just begin and need to investigate and get more information and knowledge.Based on the present situations of wetland ecosystem,the paper gives the concept of wetland ecosystem health and its related history.The research status on WEH is also presented,including health diagnostic indicators,wetland restoration and research scale.Finally,the paper analyzes the developing trends in WEH research.
    Prospects for Ecological Research into Environmental Management
    Lin Haifang, Zhou Qixing
    2001, (3):  37-40. 
    Asbtract ( 1217 )   PDF (202KB) ( 290 )  
    In practice, ecological knowledge has given more and more valuable guidance on environmental management. Ecological research related to environmental management has become one of the most important contents of ecological research. Available research directed to the needs of environmental management, applied research about the consequences of environmental management, new basic and strategic ecological research and ecological research into the process of environmental management are four major trends of ecological research interacting with environmental decision-making processes. At present, the focus is on the application of results from existing ecological research to environmental management.
    Advances in Molecular Systematics
    Xu Hongfa, Wang Jingbo
    2001, (3):  41-46. 
    Asbtract ( 1190 )   PDF (837KB) ( 1248 )  
    Molecular systematics has developed very quickly these years,on which most studies of molecular ecology have been focused.In this paper,the main content of this comprehensive subject is briefly reviewed.We emphasized on its techniques,including their principles,advantages and disadvantages as their applications.Several problems have been enumerated which exist in recent research of molecular systematics.The development tendency of molecular systematics is also discussed in this paper.
    Advance on Enzymes Bioremediation of Pesticides-Polluted
    He Wenxiang, Jiang Xin, Zhu Maoxu, Wang Fang
    2001, (3):  47-51. 
    Asbtract ( 1277 )   PDF (784KB) ( 509 )  
    This paper summarizes the recent advances in the enzyme bioremediation of the pesticides pollution on mechanism, influencing factors and applications. The pesticides pollution of soils has become one of the major environmental problems. However, enzymes such as peroxidase, parathion and hydrolase, which play a remarkable role in the bioremediation of pesticides polluted soils, can degrade parent compounds into less or no toxic metabolites through hydrolysis, oxidization, coupling reactions and so on. This approach is one of the best bioremediations of polluted soils with high efficient degradation, low cost and safety, by which the intermediate products of pesticides are incorporated into humus during the humification process, so that soils can restore dynamic balances.
    The Prospect of GIS Application in Wildlife Habltat Studies
    Zhang Hongliang
    2001, (3):  52-55. 
    Asbtract ( 1163 )   PDF (526KB) ( 549 )  
    GIS technology was widely used in wild life habitat studies because of its many advantages.It can be used to provide inputs for habitat models,to support analysis of influencing factors and to output habitat suitability evaluation maps.In recent years,the methods for analyzing wildlife habitat have become increasingly sophisticted.Integrated approaches should be more appropriate for future studies.
    Ecotourism′s Origin and Its Application in China
    Jin Bo, Wang Ruyuan, Cai Yunlong
    2001, (3):  56-59. 
    Asbtract ( 1428 )   PDF (502KB) ( 467 )  
    Since 1990s,ecotourism has gradually become a hot subject in tourism and geography studies.But most of the existing literature on ecotourism in China discusses only one or several aspects and is short of systematic exposition.Based on a great deal of literature home and abroad,this paper tries to discuss ecotourism systematically.After comparing ecotourism with other similar concept,such as adventure tourism,nature tourism,and reviewing all kinds of definitions on ecotourism,we noticed that if we want to precisely define ecotourism,we must correctly deal with the relationship between ecotourism providers,ecotourists,residents of ecotourism destination and environment.Then,we discuss whether ecotourism is a type of tourism,or a model.At the emergence of ecotourism,whether from the side of ecotourism providers or from the side of ecotourists,ecotourism is a type of tourism.But with the development of ecotourism practices,especially after the emergence of sustainable development theory,researchers are gradually convinced that with the appearance of ecotourism,a new form of tourist development model is shoped.This new model incompletely equals to sustainable tourism development,but it does make effort in this direction.At last,we explain how to apply the concept of ecotourism to the practice of China.Ecotourism begins to emerge when tourism develops to some stage.It is metaphysical by all means to apply the foreign concept of ecotourism mechanically in spite of the existing phase of tourism development in China.But regardless of the tourism development trend,ignoring the world ecotourism market is not correct,either.The right approach is to adopt the reasonable kernel of the foreign ecotourism concept which is compatible with the reality in China,based on the correct analyses of the Chinese tourism reality.
    Landscape Pollution:A Problem Need to be Solved Urgently
    Cui Haiting
    2001, (3):  60-62. 
    Asbtract ( 2662 )   PDF (349KB) ( 296 )  
    This paper mainly discusses the problems of landscape pollution and landscape protection in scenic spots and natural reserves.Landscape pollution is defined as a phenomenon of landscape degradation influenced by unsuitable human activities.Numerous facts of landscape pollution are presented with their causing factors.Finally,suggestion are made how to avoid landscape pollution.The importance of research on protecting biodiversity,cultural diversity and landscape diversity based on eco region are also emphasized.
    Ecological Fragility Assessment on Continental River Basin in Arid ZoneTaking Tarim River Basin, Xinjiang as An Example
    Wang Ranghui, Fan Zili
    2001, (3):  63-68. 
    Asbtract ( 1568 )   PDF (1268KB) ( 502 )  
    Great changes of ecological environment have taken place in Tarim River Basin of continental river basin in arid zone since last 5 decades.As a result, a series of characteristics that are not stability appeared.With regard to the natural conditions and artificial interference, 20 complex factors of water resource system, land source system, vegetation resource system and environment system (esp.desertification state) are chosen to analyze the ecological fragility.Through establishment of indicator system of ecological fragility assessment and classification standard, based on the arithmetic logarithm processing, ecological fragility index (EFI) is built up.The results are as follows: the EFI values of source stream area including Aksu River Basin, Yerkant River Basin, Hetian River Basin and main stream including upper reaches, middle reaches and lower reaches of Tarim River Basin are 0.08, 0.23, 0.32, 0.25, 0.53 and 0.87 respectively.The degrees of ecological fragility belong to slight fragility, medium fragility and extreme fragility in Aksu River Basin, middle and lower reaches of Tarim River respectively in addition to general fragility in other three sections.
    Interaction between Cellulose-Decomposing Microorganisms and Inorganic Phosphobacteria
    Lin Qimei, Zhao Xiaorong, Sun Yanxin, Zhang Youshan, Wang Youshan
    2001, (3):  69-70. 
    Asbtract ( 1357 )   PDF (122KB) ( 378 )  
    Simply inoculating inorganic phosphobacteria on rice straw powder showed low capacity to release P from phosphate rock.However,the capacity increased largely after adding a small amount of glucose to the straw medium at same time.This capacity was also stronly enhanced very much when both cellulose decomposing microorganisms and inorganic phosphobacteria were inoculated together in the medium.Particularly,the water extractable P in the sand medium was largely augmented when the inorganic phosphobacteria was inoculated following 4 days incubation with inoculating cellulose decomposing microorganisms.
    An Effective New Technique of Dryland Farming in Western ChineLow or Non-Tillage with Stubble and Whole Course Straw Covering
    Wang Zhaohua, Li Like, Zhao Relong, Hong Xiaoqiang
    2001, (3):  71-73. 
    Asbtract ( 1290 )   PDF (157KB) ( 374 )  
    The paper discusses about the problems and reasons in the agriculture of western China.According to our analysis,it is difficult to overcome limitations from traditional cultivation measures in the western agriculture development.In combination with the local condition of Yan Chuan County,it is the oblingatory selection of western agriculture to implement the cultivation technique of low or non tillage with stubble and whole course straw covering.It is stratigic pint of the technique agriculture in the development of Wester China.It is effective to bring out the latent capacity of dryland farming.
    Wetland Ecological Function Deterioration in Poyang Lake and Countermeasures
    Liu Taoju, Chen Meiqiu
    2001, (3):  74-77. 
    Asbtract ( 1166 )   PDF (515KB) ( 466 )  
    With the regional eco-environment deterioration,great attentions have been paid on wetland ecosystem in recent year;In this paper,the ecological characteristics and functions of wetland in Poyang lake were analyzed such as wetland quantity and quality,flood regulation,weather regulation,and biodiversity protection.According to wetland ecology problems,the countermeasures were put forward.
    On the Construction of Green Food Sci-Tech Demonstration Area in Liaoning Province
    Zhang Yong, Liang Wenju
    2001, (3):  78-80. 
    Asbtract ( 1243 )   PDF (155KB) ( 299 )  
    In this paper, the inpirtance and primary conditions of green food development in Liaoning province were firstly discussed. Secondly, the characteristics and advantages of the green food sci-tech demonstration area were analysed. Then the theoretical basis and overall plan for constructing green food sci-tech demonstration area in Liaoning province were described. Finally, the steps taken for constructing the green food sci-tech demonstration area were presented.