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    10 August 2000, Volume 19 Issue 04
    Studies on the Construction of Sustainable Agro-grassland Production System of Farming-Pastoral Transitional Area in Ningxia
    Xie Yingzhong, Wang Ning
    2000, (4):  1-5,37. 
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    Based on the characteristic of natural ecological condition and agro-pastoral production system of farming-pastoral transitional area in arid and semi-arid region, this paper put forward the integrated model of agro-grassland ecological system(sustainable utilization of land resource-plant production-animal production-social products). Some questions, such as efficient utilization of water resources, compound planting model of irrigated field, biological paling of natural grassland and rotation grazing system were studied and discussed.
    The Floral Components and Soil Properties of Forest on the Tropical Sandy Beach
    Yang Xiaobo, Hu Ronggui
    2000, (4):  6-11. 
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    This paper deals with the floral components and soil nutrient dynamics and their relationship in Vatica mangachapoi forest on the tropical sandy beach .The results are : 1 The floral components of Vatica mangachapoi forest are different from that of other forest at the same climatic regions. 2 The plant species increase from 6 of which to 137 species ,especially 64 are tropical rain forest species, although the Simpson and Shannon-weiner indexes(species diversity indexes) are 2.19 and 2.34 respectively. Though the contents of the elements such as nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus etc. are extremely low, the contents of the soil nutrients increase appreciably along with the progressing of the forest community succession.
    Mechanism and Ecological Effects of the Joint Action of Eutrophication and Heavy Metals
    Yu Guoying, Zhang Xiaohua, Xu Xiaoqing, Ao Hongyi
    2000, (4):  12-17. 
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    Orthogonal experimental methods were applied to study effects of the joint action of eutrophication(nitrogen and phosphorus) and heavy metals(cadmium, lead and copper, zinc,chromium, arsenic etc.) pollution on growth and accumulation of the elements in Lemna minor L. and the desorption of elements in sediment by the cultivating test. And it is tried to find the principle of the combined pollution of eutrophication and heavy metals. The results showed that accumulation of the heavy metals in the plant mainly depended on the concentration in the water, and also depended on the nutrient level and co-existing elements of the water. High level of the nutrients could increase the primary production and partly low the toxicity of the heavy metals. The desorption of heavy metals in sediment obviously varied with the nutrient level in the water and with effctive order of Cd>As>Pb>Zn>Cr>Cu. There were certain correlations among the elements.
    Ecological Distribution of Arbuscular mycorrhizal Fungi on Wild Plants in Different Vegetation Regions of Shandong
    Gai Jingping, Liu Runjin, Li Xiaolin
    2000, (4):  18-22. 
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    Resources and ecological distribution of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) on wild plants in Shandong vegetation region were investigated during 1995-1997. Atotal of 182 rhizospheric soil samples were collected from 50 wild plants. Spores of AMF occurred in all samples. More than fourty species of AMF were isolated and 35 species in five genera were identified. Among the five genera,the frenquency of occurence was Glomus(51.7%)> Scutellospora(23.1)> Gigaspora(14.1%)>Acaulospora(9.5%)>Entrophospora (0.8%). Glomus mosseae, Gigaspora margarita are prominent species, G.versiforme, G.constrictum, S.gilmorei are common species to be isolated. The spore density of AMF was different: Gigaspora>Glomus>Scutellospora>Acaulospora>Entrophospora . The occurence and distribution of AMF are related to regional difference, soil factors(contents of N, P; organic matter and pH) and host plant.The prominent species in eastern part were Gi.margarita, G.mosseae and G.versiforme , while in middle and western part of Shandong province was G.mosseae . The occurence frequency of Glomus, Gigaspora and Scutellospora was much higher than that of other genera in eastern and middle part of Shandong province. While Glomus and Acaulospora were higher in the western part. The spore number of Gigaspora and Scutellospora were much more than that of other genera in the samples collected in the eastern and middle area, while Glomus and Acaulospora are more frequently encountered in the western part of Shandong provence.
    Spectral Analysis of Dynamics and Stability of Quercus variabilis Population
    Wu Mingzuo, Liu Yucui
    2000, (4):  23-26,37. 
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    Using the spectral analysis method, this paper studied the young Quercus variabilis population that had obvious increase characteristics, and analyzed the population's stability under disturbance. The result shows that Q.variabilis population has 20-47 year periodic fluctuations under the basic one, which is related to its regeneration and therefore can maintain its stability itself. But the internal periodic length of the basic one cannot be distinguished because the tree's age is not old enough. The results also shows that human disturbance have affected the population's fluctuation.
    Distribution of Chironomidae larvae and its Relation to Water Quality
    Wang Juncai, Fang Zhigang, Ju Fuhua, Zhang Saohua, Li Kaiguo
    2000, (4):  27-37. 
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    According to community distribution of Chironomidae larvae in four rivers of Liaoning province and comparison studies on the relationship among water quality physicochemistry indices,relationships between physicochemistry factors and Chironomidae larvae species and quantity in unit area were established. The paper puts forward Chironomidae larvae as an indicator organism to indicate water classification and water quality evaluation method.
    Interaction and Ecological Effect of Combined Pollution for Heavy Metals on Soil-rice Paddy System
    Wang Xin, Liang Renlu
    2000, (4):  38-42. 
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    The effect of Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, As combined pollution in soil on the growth of rice paddy and the property of interactive effects for heavy metals were studied with pot experiment. The results showed that the complex function of the elements in soil influnces the growth of rice paddy. Height of rice decreases 4-5cm, while yields of rice decreases 20%-30%. When Cd concentration is 1.5 mg·kg-1 for Cd Cu, Cd Pb, Cd Zn interactive effects, the contents of Cd absorbed by rice increase with the concentration of Pb,Cu and Zn. Cd concentration in rice roots, stalks and leaves,grains increases 31.6%-47.7%, 14.3%-61.5%, 19.6%-78.6% respectively. When Pb, Cu, Zn, As concentration are 300、100、200、30mg·kg-1 respectively, the level of Pb, Cu, Zn absorption in rice roots,stalks and leaves decreases with Cd concentration increasing, Pb, Cu, Zn concentration in root decreased 42.11%, 28.22%, 6.66%,respectively. Pb, Cu, Zn concentration in stalks and leaves decreased 17.69%, 3.75%, 2.54%. The contents of As in root increased 9.85%, the contents of As in stalks and leaves decreased 3.25% respectively. The transformation ability of multi element is higher than single element.
    Cluster Analysis on the Gographical Distribution of Glires in Henan Province
    Lu Jiqi
    2000, (4):  43-45. 
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    The Glires (Rodentia and Largomorpha) recorded in Henan province are 29 speices. Its fauna and geographical distribution has been studied by Lu Jiqi et al(1996). This paper gives a cluster analysis on geographical distribution about these Glires.The "yes" or "no" of distribution of the Glires in every zoo-geographical province were regarded as two component status(1 or 0). The relative coefficient was taken for the similar degree of Glires in every two zoo-geographical provinces. The cluster was taken by similar mean method. This paper discusses the characteristics of geographical distribution and the reasons of its formation, and gives a comparison among the cluster result and the geographical division of Glires in Henan province. It is clear that the Glires species was poor in plain and farming area, but the population of these rodent were enormous. The species diversity was more abundant in the forest mountains. Meanwhile, the mingle of Palearctic Realmspeices and Oriental realm speices were very notable in Henan province.
    Red Tide, Vitamin B1 and B12 in Dapeng Bay
    Xie Jingming
    2000, (4):  46-49,78. 
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    This article is focused on the relationship between the algae red tide, vitamin B1 and B12 in Dapeng Bay. Before red tide arising, the interrelationship between vitamin B1 and Nocliluca scientillans is obvious. But it has no effect during the period of red tide. And after red tide, it is more obious than that between vitamin B1 and Chattonella. The interrilationship between vitamin B12 and Bonyaulax polygramma is much clearer than that between vitamin B1 and Gonyaulax polygramma, during red tide.
    The Ecological Functions of Weed Biodiversity in Agroecosystem
    Chen Xin, Wang Zhaoqian, Tang Jianjun
    2000, (4):  50-52. 
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    Weeds are one of the most important factors affecting agricultural production and have been controlled. People have paied more and more attention to the ecosystem functions of weeds recently. This paper gives a simple description on recent studies of the ecosystem functions and the conserving approaches of weeds in agroecosystem. It is suggested that it is necessary to understand the positive and negative impacts of the weeds on agricultural production and ecosystem functions. This would help determine how agriculture objectives and practices could be modified to enhance the conservation of the weeds and other biological resource for the long-term viability of agriculture.
    Theoretical System and Research Fields of Soil Ecology
    Yang Wanqin, Song Guangyu, Han Yuping
    2000, (4):  53-56. 
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    Concept and theoretical system of soil ecology are briefly introduced,and main research fields which should be given priority to and currently developed are put forward in this paper
    On Succession of Human Civilization from Ecological View
    Wang Guoxiang, Pu Peimin
    2000, (4):  57-60. 
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    The occurrence, development, flourish and decline of agricultural and industrial civilization were analyzed on the basis of ecological principles. The agricultural civilization, an early civilization of human beings, occurred in catchment basin of large rivers and lakes with perfect ecosystems. The development and flourish of agricultural civilization resulted from human simple recognition and primary utilization of ecosystem. Its decline resulted from deterioration of local ecosystem. The industrial civilization has greatly increased productivity and raised the living standards. However, the environmental pollution caused by industrial civilization has made global ecosystem face crash. The sustainable development is accelerating emergence of ecological consciousness and deepening research of modern ecology. These indicate that the third leap in succession history of human civilization will become true and the ecological civilization will be certainly tendency of human civilization. The main characteristics of ecological civilization are the integration of nature and human beings, the integral harmony, recycle and regeneration, high-efficiency, mutualism and sustainable development
    Strategies for Environment Protection and Sustainable Utilization of Wetland Resources Around Liaodong Bay
    Qu Xiangrong, Zhang Hairong, Cheng Quanguo
    2000, (4):  61-66. 
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    Current situation of wetland resources in Liaodong bay area are investigated. Main environmental elements are monitored and evaluated. Based on the research, the influences of resources utilization on environment are predicted, and the strategies for protecting environment and sustainable utilization of wetland resources are put forward.
    Landscape Agriculture and Its Practical Meaning
    Zhao Yi, Guo Xudong
    2000, (4):  67-71. 
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    Landscape agriculture is the combination of landscape ecology and agriculture. Its basic idea is from the system theory and landscape ecology. Now landscape agriculture is getting more and more attention because of its multi-functional roles. For example, it can exploit the agricultural ecosystem more rationally, make full use of the self-adjustment function of the natural patches and corridors in the field, as well as the effects from landform types and topological components. It uses regenerative biological energy to a large extent, constitutes beautiful scenic view and protects the diversity of genetics, species, ecosystems and landscapes. Landscape agriculture emphasizes environment improvement, bio-diversity protection and tourism development, thus provides new possibility for the increase of economical benefits and gets the positive feedback loop started. An example from the former Soviet Union is presented as well in this paper
    The Potential to Sequester Atmospheric Carbon Through Forest Ecosystems in China
    Wang Xiaoke, Feng Zongwei
    2000, (4):  72-74. 
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    In the field of global climate change study, scientists have paid an great attention to identify CO2 sources and sinks in the terrestrial ecosystems. It has been predicted that the forest ecosystems would become a CO2 sink because of its huge capacity for storing carbon. Based on our previous study on the biomass of forest ecosystems in China, this study is to analyze the temporal change in carbon storage of forest ecosystems, and estimate the difference between actual and potential carbon storage of forest ecosystems in China. It is showed that the actual carbon storage is only 44.3% of the potential one in the forest ecosystem of China.
    Comparison the Two Estimators of Food-Storing-Territory of Communal Over-Winter Nest of Brandt's Vole
    Wan Xinrong, Zhong Wenqin
    2000, (4):  75-76. 
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    Two methods were used to estimate the foodstoringterritory of communal overwinter nest of Brandt's vole, that is, the rootcounting method and runwaymeasuring technique. It reveals that the 2 estimators accord with direct proportion relationship. The utility rate of the group on its food storing territory is about 67 percent. The runway measuring method may be considered as a convenient estimator of the food storing territory of communal over winter group of this species