Table of Content

10 June 2000, Volume 19 Issue 03

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Plant Diversity and Folk Utilizable Plants of Swidden Agroecosystem of Tropical mountain

Fu Yongneng, Chen Aiguo, liu Zhiqiu, Cui Jingyun

2000, (3):  1-6. 

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The plant diversity and folk utilizable plants of swidden agroecosystems in Daka, Xishuangbanna were described in this paper. The result shows that species richness index differs from 2 to 9.5 in different subsystems of swidden agroecosystem. There are 79 kinds of folk utilizable plants of swidden agroecosystem that belong to 38 families and 64 genus. Correspondingly,most of them belong to Euphorbiaceae, Papilionaceae, Rubiaceae, Malvaceae and Compositae. At last a list of folk utilizable plants found in sampling plots is presented.

Rehabilitation of Biotic Community of Copper Mine Tailings in Tongling Copper Mine

Wang Zongying, Sun Qingye, Lu Youcheng

2000, (3):  7-11. 

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The result of study in the paper shows that the plant can grow in tailings which have the high content of copper. Soil animal is also rich in such tailings. There is a close relationship between rehabilitation of biotic community and physical and chemical property changes of tailings. With the lapse of piling time or human's administration, the increase of stabilization,the amelioration of substrate structure, the increase of water holding and fertility keeping capacities all take place in the upper layer tailings. The higher content of humus Cand total N, the more abundant soil animal's component and number are. Acarina, Enchytraeidat, Coleoptera are the dominant groups. Acarina only comes to absolute predominance in the sample plot which is more than 40 piling years old. Enchytraeidat is widly distributed.

Ecological Survey of Effects of an Accident of Cl₂ Pollution on Plants in Fushun City,Liaoning

Li Kaiguo, Xe WEi, Shi Yuqiang, Yan Rongze

2000, (3):  12-15. 

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The results of ecological survey of effects of an accident of Cl₂ pollution on plants and crops in Fushun city were reported.(1)The closer to the pollution source,the more seriously the plants were harmed. The harm degrees are different from plant to plant.(2)The yields of vegetable (Chine cabbage, turnips) and rice in the polluted area decreased 67%-15% and 38%-5% respectively, and the rate of output positively correlated to the distance between the areas and the pollution source.(3)The sudden harm to trees with strong tolerance such as popular, willow and Acacia by Cl₂ pollution can be recovered soon and no long-term harm was observed. The studies showed that the ecological survey plays an important role in evaluating and dealing with pollution accidents.

Injuries of Sulphurous Acid to Maize and Sorghum Seedings and Protective Effects of Phosphate Buffer

Li Xuemei, Huang Haiying, L? Yan

2000, (3):  16-19. 

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We used maize and sorghum seedings as the material to investigate the protective effects of phosphate buffer on improving resistance and decreasing injury of sulphurous acid from membrane lipid peroxidation.The results showed that the activities of superoxide dismuiase (SOD) increased, the contents of superoxide anion radical (O₂^-?) and malondialdehyde(MDA) decreased, the levels of electrolytic leakages decreased, and the seedings resistance improved. After treated with the different concentration of sulphurous acid,the seedings sprayed with phosphate buffer were less harmed than not-sprayed. The protective effects were obvious and varied with the concentration of sulphurous acid and plant species. The effect on sorghum was higher than that on maize.

Microclimatic Effects of Mulching Winter Wheat Field With Straw

Du Yaodong, Liu Zuoxin, Zhao Guoqiang, Wang Lijuan

2000, (3):  20-23,75. 

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The winter wheat field straw mulching was conducted. Compared with the unmulched field, the straw mulching could alter turbulent heat exchange, evaporative heat loss and soil heat fluxes, and improve the temperature and humidity of air close to the ground as well as play a active role in water-saving and soil moisture retention, thus provided better microclimatic conditions for the growth and development of winter wheat.

The Interactions of Population Dynamics of Thalassodes quadraria and the Plant Community Structure and Climate Factors in Dinghushan

Huang Zhongliang

2000, (3):  24-27,31. 

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On the basis of long-term (eight years) monitoring for the population dynamics of Thalassodes quadraria Guene and the structure changes of plant community as well as the climate factors in the monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve, the interactions among them were studied. As the food resources and habitats, plants have strong effect on the population dynamics of the moth. As a feedback, the population dynamics of this insect species caused the structure changes of the plant community. Climate factors, especially rainfall, contributed much to the mortality and reproduction of the moth.

Effects of Drought and Waterlogging on Root Dry Weight and Its Distribution of Maize in Shajiang Black Soil

Yang Qinghua, Gao Erming, Ma Xinming

2000, (3):  28-31. 

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Under the conditions of drought and waterlogging,the dynamic of root dry weight and its distribution were studied with the method of root cutting collection in shajiang black soil. The result showed that root dry weight and its distribution were largely affected by drought and waterlogging,especially the later. During a drought,root dry weight of maize per plant was higher, and the time of root dry weight increase and decrease were earlier, the speed of roots spreading into deep soil were quicker and many roots were distributed in deeper soil layer. While during a waterlogging, the result was contrary to the above.

Monoclonal Antibody and its Application in Studying Arthropod Predation

Pang Baoping, Cheng Jia'an

2000, (3):  32-35. 

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To date, monoclonal antibodies have been applied in various fields of biology,biochemistry and medicine for the purpose of examination, quantitative analysis, classification andpurification of various active materials. Monoclonal antibodies have been used for studyingarthropod predation for less than ten years, which has been scarcely reported. Previous studiesshowed that monoclonal antibodies are invaluable tools for studying arthropod predation, and the uses of monoclonal antibodies as molecular probes for examining predator gutcontents can significantly enhance the way we study arthropod predation. The property,development method and application of monoclonal antibodies for studying arthropod predationwere introduced in this paper.

The Adaptive Strategies of Insects to Plant Alleochemicals

Zhu Lin, Gu Dexiang

2000, (3):  36-45. 

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In recent decades ,one of the attentions of insect ecology have been paid to study of the plant-insect interactions,which focused on the delicate relationships of plant allelochemicals with insects.During the evolution ,kinds of perfect adaptive strategies of insects in morphology,behavior,host-specificity,physiology,biochemistry and in the use of these substances by insects etc. have been developed. These adaptations accelaerate the co-evolution of pant-insect interactions and give us some new paths to practics. In this paper,the adaptive strategies of insects to plant allelochemicals and their significance in theory and applicaion are discussed.

Progress in Quantitative Studies on the Forest Management Effects on Community Diversity

Lei Xiangdong, Tang Shouzheng

2000, (3):  46-51. 

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It is the requirement of forest ecosystem management to study the effects of forest management on biodiversity. This paper reviews the progress in quantitative studies on the effects of forest management on community biodiversity. The indices and methodologies are included. Finally, the research trends are discussed.

Review on the Study of Forest and Water Quality

Shi Lixin, Yu Xinxiao, Ma Qinyan

2000, (3):  52-56. 

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The study on forest and water quality is one of the main subjects of forest hydrology. Civil and foreign researches have indicated that the forest can well purify the water flowing into rivers, lakes and reservoirs. The vegetation in forest can not only filter and intercept pollutants in water, but also release some nutrition elements. The study on forest and water quality is of great significance to protect water resource and prevent non-point source pollution.

Land Desertification and Its Control Measures in Xinjiang

Yang Jian, Hua Guiweng

2000, (3):  57-60. 

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Desertification indicates that the lands in arid,semi-arid and semi-humid arid are degenerated caused by climatic changes and mankind actvities etc.It is well known that the area of desertified lands in Xinjiang is the biggest,the most extensiv in distribution and seriously harmfull in China.There 80 counties and cities,nearly a half of the lands,about 10 million people,and more then 10 million mu (66700ha) farmlands in the region are being harmed by the desertification.Nature and human factors have aggravated the processes of desertification.The general development trend of desertification in Xinjiang is"extending entirely,contrary changing partially".In order to control the notable desertification,the result and causes,environment types,development trend,and classification of the land desertification in Xinjiang are discussed and the primary control measures of the desertification are put forward in the paper.

The Natural Pinus densiflora Sieb.et Zucc. Population in the Mount Kunyu: Quantitative Charac-teristics and Regenerative Dynamics

Wang Renqing, Zhang Shuping, Zhang Zhiguo, Zhu Jianzhong, L? Yipu

2000, (3):  61-65. 

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Pinus densiflora Sieb.et Zucc. forest is a zonal coniferous forest in Shandong Peninsula. The age structure, diameter at breast height(DBH) and height of natural P. densiflora population in mount Kunyu showed that the population was in an increasing stage. The distributed characteristics of seed bank and seedlings also indicated P. densiflora is more adaptable to native environment. Moreover, the species diversity of shrub and herbaceous layer under natural P. densiflora forest was remarkably greater than that under cultivated P. thunbergii forest. To realize natural restoration and sustainable development of vegetation in Shandong Peninsula, we must conserve and develop P. densiflora forest.

Food Diversity of Three Species of Nestling Herons in Zipeng Mountains

Zhou Lizhi, Ma Yong, Song Yujun

2000, (3):  66-68. 

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The food habits of three nestling herons in Zipeng Mountains, Feixi County, Anhui Province from April to July in 1996 were reported in the paper. Based on food habits, food diversity and similarity were compared. The nestlings of Chinese pond heron were fed with fish and insects, those of little egret were given with fish and shrimps, however, those of black-crowned night heron were brought up with fish and amphibians. Of the diets of the three species, nestling Chinese posnd heron had the widest one, nestling black-crowned night heron had the narrowest one. Nestling Chinese pond heron had the highest preference to insects, but nestling little egret and nestling black-crowned night heron had the highest preference to fish. Similarity of food between nestling little egret and nestling black-crowned night heron was the highest, but was the lowest between Chinese pond heron and black-crowned night heron. Study on the food habits was important for us to manage herons and preserve biodiversity.

Effect of a Seed-protected Agent on Rhizophere Microbes of Some Crops

Luo Ming, Chen Xinhong, Li Jing, Liu Ping, Cai Jifeng, Hu Yundi, Wang Linxia

2000, (3):  69-72. 

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With the “xilong” seed-protected agent coating the seeds of wheat,corn,soya,the total number quantity of rhizophere microbes (in various growth stages, espectially in seeding stage) was notably increased, in comparision with uncoated treatment. The experimental data indicated that the amount of the ammounficator physiological group,nitrobacteria physiological group, azotobacter physiological group increased differently. The seed-protected agent promoted rhizosphere microorganisms activity. The intensity of cellulose-decomposition and the intensity of soil respiration rose obviously. As a result the conversion rate of available nutrients was accelerate and contents of soil available nutrients became higher. The crops grew better and the yield increased greatly.

The Cooperation of Life-stage Between Wiebesia pumilae(Hill) Wieb. (Agaoindae) and Ficus pumila L. (Moraceae)

Luo Guangtan, Li Hongqing, Ma Weiliang, Chen Yong

2000, (3):  73-75. 

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The female flowers in the female syconia( Ficus pumila L. , Moraceae) blossom and bear fruit once a year, while the male flowers in the gall syconia ( F. pumila L.) do so twice a year. The first and the second generations of female fig wasps ( Wiebesia pumilae (Hill) Wieb., Agaonidae) start flying out of the gall flowers in the gall syconia at the time when the male flowers are in bloom. Such synchronism ensures that the female flowers can be pollinated and bear fruit, and provides good conditions for the wasps to complete the life cycle.

Study on the Ecological-Economic Model of Breeding Fish in the Dafeng Costal Beach

Xu Bin, Zhou Xiaocheng, Feng Yang, Shen Jianming, Yang Jingcun

2000, (3):  76-79. 

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In order to develop and use the agricultural resources and to protect reproduction,an ecological-ecolnomic system of breeding fish in a pond with reed fences and high level of pumped water has been built in the Dafeng Costal beach.It keeps the wetland ecosystem in the beach relative stability,continuity and biodiversity.With fresh water washing and breeding fish in the reed pond, it has speeded up improving guality of soil and fertiliter,forming good artificial and ecological economy,and sustainable devoloping of ecolgical agriculture in the costal beach.