Chinese Journal of Ecology

Study of Ecological Effects on Rice Root System and Plant in Irrigation with the Yellow River Water

Li Chunxi, Jiang Lina, Ji Shengdong, Shi Hui'en

2000, (2): 2-7.

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By planting rice in big vats, the ecology effects on rice root system and plant irrigated with the Yellow River water and well water were investigated. The results are shown as the follows: Average root length, root number and root weight of all the treatments of rice irrigated with the Yellow River water are more or better than those of the rice irrigated with well water. Plant height, tiller number, leaf number, 1000 grain weight, grain weight per plant, grain number per spike of rice irrigated with the Yellow River water not only has good effect on growth and development of rice root system, but also is good to plant. Among different rice treatments irrigated with the Yellow River water, treatment Ⅰ(irrigation with the Yellow River water in all development stages), Ⅲ(irrigation with the Yellow River water in tillering stage) and Ⅵ(irrigation with the Yellow River water in tillering stage and heading stage) are more benefiting than other treatments.

Studies on Energy Budget of the Ecosystem of the Nanhu Lake,Changchun

Sun Gang, Sheng Lianxi, Feng Jiang, Lang Yu

2000, (2): 8-12.

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Energy budget of the water body of the Nanhu lake in Changchun city was studied at ecosystem level.The water surface received 4969635.4kJ穖^-2radiant energy annually,which was used to conduct the physical and biological reactions in the lake,as well as the energy exchanges with surroundings.Loss by evaporation amounted to 55.9% of the total radiant energy received by the lake body,with reflection 17.8%,exchange with atmosphere 14.0%,increase of water temperature 6.6%,ice melting 4.9%,primary production 0.6%,and exchange with bottom 0.2%.Finally, the energy budget of the Nanhu Lake was compared with other water bodies.

Effects of Sewage Discharge on Soil and Plants of the Mangrove Wetland Ecosystem

Huang Linan, Lan Chongyu, Shu Wensheng

2000, (2): 13-19.

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In order to study the feasibility of using mangrove wetland as a facility for sewage treatment and the effects of wastewater discharge on soil and plants of the mangrove ecosystem,the field work was conducted during December 1994 to December 1995 in a mangrove wetland in Futian national nature reserve in Shenzhen. Two parallel elongated sites (sites A and B, each 180m?10m) stretching from land to sea were chosen for study. Since December 1994, Site A was continuously irrigated with municipal sewage every two days,while Site Bserved as a control. The ecological impact of sewage discharge on the mangrove wetland was assessed by comparing the plant growth, nutrients of soils and vegetation between Site Aand Site B. One year later, total-N and NH₄⁺-N in the soil increased and ECdecreased significantly at Site A. And obvious changes in pHvalue and other nutrient contents in the soil of Site A could be detected. However, the nutrient contents of the leaves of the dominant plants collected from Site Aand Bwere very close and no significant difference in terms of tree height and diameter and biomass was found between the two sites.

Study on the Stability of Cotton Field Ecosystem Controlled by Insecticide and by Nature

Zhu Xiwum, Wang Shize, Xiong Minghua

2000, (2): 20-23,71.

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The stability of ecosystems is studied in cotton field ecosystems controlled by insecticide and by nature. The two kinds of ecosystems are stable ecosystem. But the stability of the cotton field ecosystem controlled by nature is larger than that of the cotton field ecosystems controlled by insecticide. The relation between diversity and stability is analyzed.

Study on Contents of the Trace Elements in the Soil Crop Animal Ecosystem

Xing Tingxian, Li Lili, Peng Yi

2000, (2): 24-29.

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With“soil-crop-animal”food chain as a clue, the samples of different type of soils, main crops and animal-poultry products were collected in red soil agro-area in Northern Hunan and their contents of main trace elements(Cu,Fe,Zn,Mn,Co and Se) were determined in present study. The results showed that the content order from high to low of each element in four kinds of soil was Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Co > Se. The contents of Cu and Zn were significantly related (p>0.01), while the contents of the other elements were not related. The contents of the same element in different crops were different. For example, the content order of Cu in different crops was soybean > peanut > green bean > rape seed > rice > maize. A common characteristics is that the contents of any trace element were higher in crops which grew on the soil with higher contents of the elements. The contents of each element in the same animal product were also different. For example, the contents of Zn and Fe were higher and the contents of Mn and Cu were lower in pork. The content order of Fe and Cu in different animal products was liver of pig> liver of chicken>pork >chicken meat >beef>goat meat>egg.

The Role of Epiphytic Material in Nutrient Cycling of Forest Ecosystem

Liu Wenyao

2000, (2): 30-35,49.

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As a component of many forest ecosystems, Epiphytic material (EM) plays important ecological roles in nutrient cycling and conservation. The ecological research on EM in forest, which has become important content of forest canopies study and the basis for significant reappraisal of ecosystem function in temperate and tropical forest environments, have received much attention of scientists of ecology, biology, hydrology, etc. recently. This paper gives definition of EM, introduces background and contents of EM study, summarizes the advances on ecological researches of EM, and looks into the prospect for developing trend of EM study in the future. The paper points out that EMand its effects on nutrient cycling should be paid much attention in the study of structure and function of forest ecosystems in China in order to better understand the dynamics of forest ecosystem and make rational use and protection of forest resources.

Study on Indigenous Knowledge System for Management of Ecosystem Diversityin Mengsong Hani Community, Xishuangbanna

Wang Jianhua, Xu Jianchu, Pei Shengji

2000, (2): 36-41.

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Te Hani indigenous knowledge system and their traditional practices for management of both forest ecosystem and agroecosystem in Mengsong administrative village of Xishuangbanna were studied. The Hani people have traditionally conserved mosaic forest landscape such as the community rattan protecting forest, village protecting forest, water source forest, cemetery forest, and sacred forests throughout their traditional cultural beliefs and customary institutions which reflects the Hani people's understanding and perception about the interaction of forest water agriculture and its sustainable management. The potential application of those indigenous knowledge system and traditional practices for biodiversity conservation was discussed.

The Kernel of Landscape Ecology: Spatial and Temporal Heterogeneity in Ecological Systems

Qiu Yang, Zhang Jintun, Zheng Fengying

2000, (2): 42-49.

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Based on the concepts of landscape ecology and landscape heterogeneity, this paper concludes that the spatial and temporal heterogeneity in ecological systems is the kernel of landscape ecology. From views of structure, function and dynamics, the concepts and ecological significance of the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of landscape as well as its roles and applications in landscape ecology are reviewed. Finally, the characteristics of hierarchy and scale, and the effects of human on the landscape heterogeneity are discussed.

Bioremediation of the Soil Contaminated by Petroleum Hydrocarbons

Ding Keqiang, Sun Tieheng, Li Peijun

2000, (2): 50-55.

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The soil contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons and main methods of cleaning the pollutants were dealt with in the paper.The key principles,technological types, effect factors ,consolidation of the technology,present situation and development of the bioremediation of the soil contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons were presented.

Sustainability of Agroecosystems and its Indicators

Lu Jianbo

2000, (2): 56-58.

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The concept of sustainability was introduced and emphasis on the concept of agroecosystems sustainability was discussed. Sustainability indicators of agroecosystems were summarized, and their problems were pointed out.

On Development and Application of the Hybrid Rumex in New Type Plant Containing High Protein

Wang Chunyu

2000, (2): 59-63.

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Avariety of the perennial herbage in knotweed which was recently introduced to China has characteristics of high fresh yield, rich nutrient matter and wide adaptability, and many way of development and application. In addition , the hybrid Rumex has great ability for cold resistance, drought enduring, and resistance to saline alkali and poor soil. But, this herbage is very sensitive to water, fertilizer and temperature. High yield and fine quality of the herbage are of the basis of the material rewards. The observation is necessary for the safe live of this herbage through the winter at high latitudes and special year.

Discussion on Exploitation of the Scientific Exploration Tour in the Bita Lake Natural Reserve

Wang Yuehua, Zhong Linsheng, Yang Guihua

2000, (2): 64-67.

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Based on analyses of the natural characteristics and exploitation advantageous conditions of Bita lake reserve, this paper recommended that the goal of scientific exploration tour was considered as a core program of ecotourism. The concrete exploitation plans, including science interpretation, tourism items, signs explanation systems, guide training and guidebook establishment, were suggested. In addition, how to implement the plan and solve some problems that would be encountered were discussed in the article.

A Study of Effects of the Concrete Mulch on Movement of Soil Water and Soil Heat Transfer

Mao Xuesen, Zeng Jianghai

2000, (2): 68-71.

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Effects of the concrete mulch on evaporation, transpiration, evaportranspiration, soil temperature, yield of cotton and corn,and water use efficiency were studied by field experiments. The results showed that the concrete mulch cover effectively increased transpiration, yield and water use efficiency and greatly reduced soil evaporation loss and the amplitude of daily and seasonally soil temperature, water content variations.

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and its Application in Mammal Ecological Research

Bao Huifang, Xu Hongfa, Lu Houji

2000, (2): 72-73,74,75,78.

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Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) has been widely applied in taxonomy, genetic variation etc. because of its convenience,rapid and sensitivity. Its principle, influential factor and application in mammal ecological research are introduced and discussed in this paper.

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