Loading...
Welcome to Chinese Journal of Ecology! Today is Share:

Table of Content

    10 August 1999, Volume 18 Issue 04
    Analysis Salt Tolerance of Festuca rubra by Emergy Analysis and Measuring Physiological Indices
    Wan Shuwen, Qin Pei, Xie Min
    1999, (4):  1-5,24. 
    Asbtract ( 3944 )   PDF (258KB) ( 272 )  
    Festuca rubra is a perennial grass used widely as fodder in Southwest China. It has particularly strong tolerance to heavy metal toxic. Some experiments have revealed that it can withstand very high concentrations(500μg·g-1)of cadmium(Cd)and medium-high concentrations(100 μg·g-1)of copper(Cu). Festuca absorbs both Cd and Cu in a bi-phasic pattern. It makes Festuca very useful in the environmental and ecological engineering in removing heavy metal toxic and organic wastes. So, it would be necessary to study its physiology of salt tolerance and find the adapted range to NaCl.This is a preliminary report on salt tolerance of Festuca in sawdust culture. NaCl solution treatment concentrations were divided into 3 groups: 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%. After treatments for two weeks, we measured the amount of the chlorophyll, the soluble sugar content and the calorific values in the species. In this experiment, we used the emergy analysis method and found that the adapted range to NaCl was 0~1%, with optimum about 1%, with lethal threshold above 1.5%.
    Effects of Different Wheat Varieties on Flixweed
    Liu Wandai, Duan Shunshan, Yang Zhenxian, Li Xianglin, Xia Guojun
    1999, (4):  6-9. 
    Asbtract ( 1425 )   PDF (218KB) ( 216 )  
    Effects of wheat varieties on flixweed were studied in a field experiment. The result showed that flixweed biomass, leaf area index and seed Production growing with different varieties were different. Flixweed growing with wheat varieties in a strong competitive ability was poor, wheat grain yield was higher. This trend enhanced with higher density of winter wheat, When wheat varieties in stronger competitive ability were planted in a field where many flixweeds existed, wheat yield loss caused by flixweed infestation could decrease.
    Analysis of Grey Models(GM(1,n))between Environmental Essential Factors in Seawater and the Growth of Noctiluca scientillans in Dapeng Bay,South China Sea
    Huang Guanhong, Huang Weijian, Qi Yuzao
    1999, (4):  10-13. 
    Asbtract ( 1385 )   PDF (422KB) ( 334 )  
    The relationships between the growth of Noctiluca scientillans and environmental essential factors of seawater were studied. Based on the comparisons of environmental essential factors of seawater, grey models were built up using grey system theory. Using mathematically based relation space theory, and the smooth discrete function concept, grey derivative and grey differential equations were defined. Dynamic models of grey differential equation were built up using discrete data. The results indicated that zooplanktons、dissolved oxygen、Fe and Mn were the most important factors.
    Application of Ordinations to Study Ecological Differentiation of Dicranum Species(moss)in the Changbai Mountain
    Guo Shuiliang, Cao Tong, Ding Keqiang
    1999, (4):  14-18. 
    Asbtract ( 4022 )   PDF (619KB) ( 327 )  
    The relationships of eight moss species of Dicranum in 31 sites in main ecological systems in the Changbai Mountain with environmental factors were studied by canonical correspondence analysis(CCA). The results showed that altitude, soil sand percentage, water percentage, acidity and canopy density were important environmental factors influencing the distribution of the species of Dicranum. The relationships between Dicranum elongatum Schleich. ex Schwaegr., D. groenlandicum Brid. and altitude,between D.japonicum Mitt., D. scoparium Hedw. and canopy density,between D. polysetum Sw., D. undulatum Schrad. ex Brid. and soil acidity and water percentage,were positively correlative. The niche overlaps among the eight species of Dicranum were calculated. The minimal spanning tree of the eight species on the two-dimensional scatter plot were also drawn based on their niche overlaps, which clearly revealed the ecological similarities of eight species.
    Study on Compatible Nonlinear Tree Biomass Models
    Zeng Weisheng, Luo Qibang, He Dongbei
    1999, (4):  19-24. 
    Asbtract ( 1328 )   PDF (1160KB) ( 404 )  
    Biomass is one of the important items for today,s regional forest resources inventory and monitoring. However, the current biomass models have two big problems,that is,the biomass estimator is not compatible with the volume estimator,and total biomass estimator is not compatible with the biomass estimators of stem,branch, beaf etc. In present paper,a new compatible tree biomass model system for Chinese fir was presented based on volume being selected as explanatory variable and two or more simultaneous models being estimated dependently. These new models could solve the two problems above and have higher precision and better applicability than the currently-used biomass models.
    Community Characteristics of Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata Forest in Baotianman, Henan Province
    Cheng Ruimei, Liu Yucui, Jiang Youxu, Xiao Wenfa
    1999, (4):  25-30. 
    Asbtract ( 1205 )   PDF (269KB) ( 250 )  
    Soil properties, floristic composition, community appearance and structure, and plant species diversity of Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata community were studied based on the data from 15 plots at different elevations in Baotianman, Henan Province. The results showed that the soil was fertile, the flora was plentiful,the vertical structure was complicated and could be divided into tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer, and the community also had many interstratum plants. There were outstanding dominant species in the community and the plant species diversity was high.
    Optimal Adjustment on Fruit Tree-crop Intercropping System(Ⅳ): Nutrition Management and Adjustment Measures
    Bao Weikai
    1999, (4):  31-35. 
    Asbtract ( 1209 )   PDF (222KB) ( 334 )  
    The research was conducted in dry valley in the upper reach of the Minjiang River. Inputs and outputs of various nutrients(N,P,K)for one growing period(15 months)in three fruit tree-crop intercropping systems were investigated and analyzed in order to search for problems of nutrient management and further to find out solutions. Nutrient management inherited the good experience on applying large amount of manure from traditional organic agriculture. The period of applying manure also was suitable for growing crops. The main problems of nutrient management were that application of three elements and their ratios in all crop subsystems of three intercropping systems were quite irrational, and large number of nutrition elements was moved out from systems, causing scarcity of nutrition elements and soil fertility declining of some crop subsystems such as wheat, corn, and potato. Otherwise, P fertilizers were applied excessively in almost all crop subsystems and K fertilizer were extreme in all wheat subsystems and corn subsystems. In accordance with every concrete problems in every crop subsystem of three studied fruit tree-crop intercropping systems, adjustment measures of nutrient management were found out. The suitable ratios of nutrition elements in every crop subsystem were set forth. Further suggestions about nutrient management were also discussed in the paper.
    Ecological Analysis of Bird Communites in Xiamen(Amoy)Intertidal Zone during Spring
    Chen Xiaolin, Song Xiaojun
    1999, (4):  36-39. 
    Asbtract ( 1237 )   PDF (377KB) ( 432 )  
    Sampling investigation in Xiamen intertidal zone during spring indicated that waders were the main components of intertidal avian communities and 44.4% of the components of intertidal avian communities were composed by shorebirds(charadriiformes). Among populations, and Hirundo rustica were more common than other species. The structure of bird communities in each sampling area was analyzed, and the similarity between communities was studied by using cluster analysis method. The results demonstrated that the avian communities in Xiamen intertidal zone might be classified into three types and the community similarity was related to the intertidal base. Also, the influential factors of community diversity and the economic significance of the birds in Xiamen intertidal zone were discussed.
    Analysis of Characteristics of the Territorial Song of Dendronanthus Indicus
    Jiang Shiren, Ding Ping, Wang Yisheng, ZhuGe Yang
    1999, (4):  40-41,79. 
    Asbtract ( 1289 )   PDF (174KB) ( 223 )  
    The territorial song of Dendronanthus indicus in breeding season was analysed with computer acoustic analysis techniques. The bird's song had only one sentence pattern, composed of the four phrases repeated “jue zhi jù” syllables. Among these syllables, syllable of “jue” was the one with shortest duration(29.4±8.2ms), lowest frequency(MPF is 4120±156Hz)and broadest band-wide(BW -20dB =663±103 Hz). The “zhi” syllable had longest duration(260.4±20.4 ms), most narrow band-wide(BW -20dB =52±29Hz)and median frequency(MPF is 4841±39 Hz). The “jù” syllable had 121.4±15.7 ms duration and it's energy was mainly concentrated in 6244±53 Hz and the BW -20dB was 118±52 Hz. The duration of the whole sentence was about 2231±22 ms and the range of freqency was between 3816±57 and 6599±104 Hz. The territorial area was about 7848 m2 detected in the field using auditory feedback.
    Insect Migration in Regional Scale and Intermittent Outbreak of Pests
    Zhai Baoping
    1999, (4):  42-45. 
    Asbtract ( 1358 )   PDF (312KB) ( 480 )  
    In the view of the major problems(i. e. the oversea populations, intermittent outbreaks and interface effects)demanding prompt solution, the three significant turning points of insect migration research were reviewed. For the future research, the author suggests that the migration behavioural mechanism and outbreak excitation mechanism of insect pests should be studied based on the multidiscipline intersection and in a regional scale, and thus making a great progress in the inter-regional forecast of migratory insect pests.
    Aiielopathic Effect and Its Use in Wetland Study
    He Chiquan, Zhao Kuiyi
    1999, (4):  46-51. 
    Asbtract ( 1283 )   PDF (485KB) ( 442 )  
    Allelopathy is the way that plants transmit messages among them. Plants produced biological active material to transmit messages and resulted in mutual promotion and restraint between living things. This is a new domain in Chemistry Ecology. This paper introduced the concept of allelopathy, allelopathic material, function characteristic and function mechanism, analysed the cause which affect the allelopathic material to produce, to release and to act on, and inquired into use the allelopathic effect of in wetland ecosystem. In the basis of the previous study, the paper searched for new methods to study allelopathy in wetland(Tissue Culture and Man-made Imitate Experiment)and the prospects for researches of allelopathic effect in the wetland.
    Remediation Technology of Nitric Nitrogen Polluted Groundwater
    Wang Li, Zheng Longxi
    1999, (4):  52-56. 
    Asbtract ( 3812 )   PDF (527KB) ( 329 )  
    In many cities, groundwater for drinking polluted by nitrate and nitrite nitrogen has a serious hazard to public health. It is increasingly concerned about that various of chemical substances represented by nitride have polluted groundwater and soil. The article analyzed domestic, foreign and WHO's drinking water quality standard of nitrate and nitrite nitrogen concentration and the problems of pollution. Based on the former practice, it expatiated the bioremediation and physical chemistry remediation technology for groundwater polluted by nitrate and nitrite nitrogen and the technology development trend.
    A Summary on Ecological Risk Assessment
    Li Guoqi, An Shuqing, Chen Xinglong, Zhang Jilin, Zhang Jiuhai, Tan Jiankang, Zhu Xuelei
    1999, (4):  57-64. 
    Asbtract ( 1210 )   PDF (700KB) ( 633 )  
    The definition and current researches of ecological risk assessment(ERA)are reviewed in this paper. Concerning the microcosmic and macrocosmic aspects, the reasons of producing ecological risk(ER)are the releases of genetically modified organisms(GMOs)and ecological invasion of population. The fundamentals of ERA and practical method to prevent ER are discussed. The best means to assure biosafety are reinforcing ERA research and legislating on biology.
    Analysis of Traditional Agri-ecosystem:a Case Study in Songjiang County
    Wang Jiange
    1999, (4):  65-68,75. 
    Asbtract ( 1051 )   PDF (425KB) ( 238 )  
    According to the survey report of 63 farmer household at Songjiang county in 1940,traditional agricultural ecosystem was analyzed. The ecosystem was not a typical closed system as other ecosystem in traditional society, but a open system by market. Although having higher organic fertilizer input, the ecosystem was in a nitrogen-Limitative State.
    A Preliminary Study on Landscape Classification of the Northern Xinjiang Region-A Case Study of Shawan County
    Zhou Huarong
    1999, (4):  69-72. 
    Asbtract ( 1180 )   PDF (420KB) ( 412 )  
    Shawan county is located in the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains and the south fringe of Junggur Basin. The county's economy gives first place to agriculture combining with animal husbandry. The landscape features is of representative in Northern Xinjiang. On the basis of heterogeneity and hierarchy of landscape ecological system,the landscape classification system of the Northern Xinjiang was presented. In our plan,law of regional disparities,man-made disturbance and landscape ecological differentiation were considered as classification principle. Landscape units at different level were adopted. 2 landscape types,7 subtypes,14 classes,28 groups and 75landscape units were divided.
    A Perlimnary Study on Wild Pig bedding Sites in Winter in Jinggangshan, Jiangxi Province
    Wang Xiaomin, Yin Shaoquan, Chen Chunquan
    1999, (4):  73-75. 
    Asbtract ( 1293 )   PDF (281KB) ( 266 )  
    Wild pig(Sus scrofa chirodontus)bedding sites were investigated in Jinggangshan, Jiangxi province from October to December in 1996. The authors found that ecological factors including forest types,slope positions, slope aspects, slope degree, sheltering conditions, elevation and human disturbance were very importance for determining wild pig bedding sites.
    Effects of Magnetic Treatments on Enzyme Activity of Red Soil and Seedling Growth of Sudan Grass
    Zhang Jixian, Wu Longhua
    1999, (4):  76-79. 
    Asbtract ( 1114 )   PDF (503KB) ( 385 )  
    In 0.15T and 0.35T(Tesla)magnetic fields, soil breathing intensity, activities of invertase and phosphatase were improved, but activity of urease was inhibited. After applying magnetized coal ash to red soil, the rate of germination of Sudan grass was increased, growth of seedlings was speeded up, and activity of polyphenol oxidase was decreased.