Table of Content

10 February 1999, Volume 18 Issue 01

Previous Issue    Next Issue

Evaluation of Comprehensive Benefit on Cropping Patterns in Kaifeng Sandy Experimental Region

Wu Jicheng, Wang Qiujie, Kou Changlin, Kong Xiangxuan, Ren Sukun

1999, (1):  3-8,58. 

Asbtract ( 1283 )   PDF (298KB) ( 358 )  

On the investigation of crop yield, artificial auxiliary energy input and value input, the profit of energy conversion and value transformation of 13 cropping patterns are analyzed, and then their comprehensive benefit of ecological, social and economic result are discussed. The results show they have played positive roles on fertilizing sandy soil, local farming-animal husbandry production and agro-economic. The main cropping patterns nowadays, such as watermelon/peanut, wheat/peanut(coarse sandy soil), wheat/peanut/corn and wheat-sweet potato/corn(light sandy soil)et al, have better comprehensive benefit; the new cropping patterns, such as rye-watermelon/peanut, vegetables/watermelon /peanut, are the best ones, which would encourage the development of farming-forestry-animal husbandry ecosystem and optimizes the distribution of planting structure in sandy region in the future.

Hyphal Anastomosis Groups, Parasitic Specificity of Rhizoctonia 's AGs and Their Relationships with Temperature

Zhang Sui, Wu Yousan, Zhu Yougang

1999, (1):  9-14. 

Asbtract ( 67 )   PDF (806KB) ( 380 )  

More than 200 specimens of plant seedling drop,root rot and sheath bling has been collected from 13 provinces(municipalities)and 58 districts(counties)from 1982-1995 in China. 162 strains of Rhizoctonia were identified by Ogoshi's strandard strains and the methods. These isolates were divided into multinucleates(R. solani), belonging to AG-1IA,AG-1IB,AG-1IC,AG-2-1,AG-2-2,AG-4 and AG-5 and binucleates(Rhizoctonia spp.)belonging to AG A, AG B(0),AG D,AG F,AG Gand AG K, respectively. The host plants of these isolates consist of 26 family,52 genera and 58 species. There was the evident of parasitic specifity for hosts in part AGs of Rhizoctonia . There was little difference of the identical AGstrains under the effect of temperature, while there was greater difference among the distinct AGs under the effect of temperature. The parasitic specifity for hosts in Rhizoctonia's AGs was distinctly affected by temperature changes.

Energy Dissipation of Population of Cyclobalanopsis glauca

Ni Sui, Zhou Guangyu

1999, (1):  15-19. 

Asbtract ( 64 )   PDF (1013KB) ( 189 )  

Diurnal variation of the energy dissipation rate of respiration shows one, two or multiple-peak-changing patterns, while the diurnal variation of the energy dissipation rate of transpiration shows one or two-peak-changing patterns.The seasonal variation of the diurnal energy dissipation of both respiration and transpiration in gelleral is: summer's >spring's >autumn's >winter's. The layer variation of the energy dissipation rate of transpiration is: tree's >subtree's >underbrush's.and the energy dissipation of respiration is maximum with the underbrush layer and minimum with the tree layer. "Afternoon nap" is dissipation rate and is the result of various physiological and ecological factors.

On Interaction of Wheat with Trifolium repens in the Complex Community

Shen Xinping, Chen Houqing, Zhuang Hengyang, Lu Jianfei, Liu Shiping, Huang Lifen, Yu Haifeng

1999, (1):  20-24. 

Asbtract ( 68 )   PDF (219KB) ( 221 )  

The interaction of wheat with Trifolium repens in the complex community was studied and the results showed that 1)stratification of the above-ground parts occurred and wheat roots were better developed in the complex community; 2)intercropped Trifolium repens with wheat could improve yield components of wheat in edge lines and lead to 17.9% more yield compared with that of wheat in the midle line,resulting in higher yield per unit of net planting area of wheat in intercropping community than that in sole cropping; 3)inhibition to growth of Trifolium repens was significantly related to leaf area of wheat in the edge liness; 4)the yield of intercropped wheat was higher than that in sole cropping when sowing area of wheat in intercropping was more that 85% of the total area, whearas when this ratio was less than75%, the yield of intercropped wheat was lower than that of sole cropping; and 5)wheat yield in mix-cropping was higher than that in sole cropping. It is concluded that wheat is predominant population in wheat and Trifolium repens complex community.

Study on Effect of Using Sulfur Remaral Gypsum as an Amendment to the Heavy Soda Saline Alkali Soil

Li Huanzhen, Xu Yupei, Yang Weiqi, Zhang Chongshan, Li Jibai, Zhang Yulon, Yang Hong

1999, (1):  25-29. 

Asbtract ( 86 )   PDF (586KB) ( 521 )  

Sulfur removal gypsum was applied as an amendment of heavy soda saline alkali soil and showed obvious saline alkali removal effect. The sulfur removal gyprum can decrease soil pHand alkalinity. Amount of the amendment applied is from 5787 to 23149 kg穐a^-1 . As the amount of the amendment used increased, the soil pHand alkalinity could correspondently decreased. It made maize grow in barren land and increased the yield.

Investigation and Analysis of Macrofungi Resources in Benxi District

Chen Zhongdong, Jia Yun, Zhang Liping, Jiao Xiaoming, Li Qing, Zhang Haitao

1999, (1):  30-33. 

Asbtract ( 51 )   PDF (383KB) ( 377 )  

Based on field investigation and collection during recent five years,306 species of macrofungi are identified and their ecological habits and usage are recorded in Benxi District.The relationships of distribution of the macrofungi with vegetation, topography and seasons are discussed.The investigation showed :the most rich in population and quantity of Fungi was in the broad-leaved forests and the second in the mixed forests of broad-leaf and conifer;the best growth season was August and September with 80% of species and quantity of Fungi of the total in a year.

Introspection of the Flood Disaster: On the Flood Control and Wetland Management

Yu Guoying

1999, (1):  34-38. 

Asbtract ( 68 )   PDF (535KB) ( 436 )  

Wetland is an unique ecosystem which perform a number of hydrologic and biological functions that make it valuable. This system provides functions such as habitats for plants and animals,place of recreation and education water quality filtration including removal of nutrients and silt, ground water recharge, soil formation, interception of aieborne pollutants and protection against erosion. Wetland also is functioned to retard floodwater and provide surface water storage. Improving the function quality of overdrained watershed wetland has been identified as potential water management option that could also contribute towards attenuation of excessive stormwater runoff. Based on these studies, we draw some conclusion about the 98' flood in Changjiang and Nenjiang catchment and put forward some countermeasures for flood control.

On Transregional Enrichment of Farmland Soil Nutrients

Liu Wei

1999, (1):  39-42,52. 

Asbtract ( 54 )   PDF (902KB) ( 205 )  

Traditional patterns of farmland soil nutrients enrichment are mainly inner-system enrichment and regional enrichment. Along with the rapid commercialization of agricultural products, large amount of grain together with large amount of nutrients contained then flow from commodity grain producing region to food processing and exporting region, from inland to coastal region, from developed region to developing region. Thus, a new pattern of farmland soil nutrient enrichment, namely transregion enrichment is formed. This trend certainly will further enlarge the gap of economic development as well as soil fertility between these two regions. The way to deal with this new situation was approached from the standpoint of ecological economy.

A Review and Prospect of Intercropping in Rubber Plantation in China

Lin Weifu, Zhou Zhongyu, Huang Shoufeng

1999, (1):  43-52. 

Asbtract ( 229 )   PDF (1148KB) ( 418 )  

Intercropping in rubber plantation has been practiced in China since 1950s.Now the area under intercropping is about 25000 ha., in which the rubber plantations mainly have been intercropped with tea bush,sugar cane,pineapple,pepper etc. Anet economic return as 2300-12500 Yuan穐a^-1 穣ear^-1 can be achieved from the intercropping. The land use capacity is increased by 30%-50%,the soil erosion is lessened by about 1/3, the soil nutrient status is enhanced and more job opportunities are created by 150%-1000% in the plantations with reasonable intercropping. The kinds of crops suitable for intercropping in the plantations are gradually reduced due to the growing of shade of rubber trees. The rubber and intercrops are benefied each other but competed in nutrient and sunlight in the new ecosystems formed after intercropping.

Energy Redundancy in Ecosystems and the Second Low of Thormodynamics

Dang Chenglin, Wang Chongyun

1999, (1):  53-58. 

Asbtract ( 106 )   PDF (496KB) ( 476 )  

The energy in ecosystems is redundant. Not only the energy within a trophic level is redundant,but the energy flowing among the different levels is redundant. Ecosystems are a redundant system consisted of continuous multi-sources of energy. As soon as energy redundancy in one trophic level is not able to sustain the downward trophic level, the energy flow will stop. Energy redundancy limits the number of trophic levels.At the same time, energy redundancy within the trophic level and between trophic levels maintains normal energy flow and stability of trophic structure in ecosystems. Researches indicated that, in terms of explanation of diminishing energy at trophic levels, the concept of energy redundancy is better than the second low of thermodynamics,for the former is more ecological meaningful.

A Review of the Researches of Crop Colony Structure and Light Distribution in Relation to Crop Productivity

Huang Gaobao

1999, (1):  59-65. 

Asbtract ( 53 )   PDF (669KB) ( 465 )  

The light use efficiency and crop productivity is basically effected by the crop colony structure. The comprehensive review of the researches of crop colony structure related to crop productivity both at home and abroad is presented in aspects of crop community architecture measurements, light distribution, light model and crop productivity in this paper.

Analysis of Economic Effect of Methane-Generating Pits in Family in Nanzheng County, ShaanXi Province

Wang Zhengbing, Meng Junwang

1999, (1):  66-68. 

Asbtract ( 48 )   PDF (319KB) ( 293 )  

In order to extend the use of methane-generating pits in family, the cost, income and economic effect are analysed. The key factors and rationalization proposals of extending methane-generating pits in family are put forward.

Systematic Analysis and Overall Design for Intelligent Decision Support System of Ecological Restoration of Abandoned Land in Large Surface Coal Mine

Shen Guangrong, Bai Zhongke, Wang Bin

1999, (1):  69-72,77. 

Asbtract ( 82 )   PDF (226KB) ( 430 )  

Based on the feature of ecological restoration of abandoned land in a large surface coal mine, this paper systematically analysed constructing process of the intelligent decision support system of ecological restoration of abandoned land in the large surface coal mine(ALERIDSS)by applying the principle of software engineering. The system analysis, requirement analysis, and software desigh were discussed in detail. The overall structure of the ALERIDSSincluding integration of database management system, expert system, graphic management system, model management system and user interface system was constructed. The exploiting work was attempted to intellectualize the decision process of ecological restoration with graph and some necessary specification. Experimental results showed that the goal of intelligent decision has been reached.

Ecological Consideration of Relationship between Village and Farmland or Land Utilization

Wang Zhiping, Hu Chunsheng

1999, (1):  73-77. 

Asbtract ( 66 )   PDF (222KB) ( 246 )  

This paper compares structures and functions, ecological and economic characteristics between village ecosystem and farmland ecosystem. Village and farmland merge into a continuous and gradient ecosystem . Land utilization is closely related with the village.