Chinese Journal of Ecology

Studies on Plant Species Diversity Under the Canopy of Larix kaempferi Community in West Mountain Area of Henan Province

Tao Fulu, Li Shuren, Feng Zongwei, Wang Jianwen, Liu Jingliang

1998, (4): 1-6.

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The present research investigated the plant species diversity and distribution pattern of plants under the canopy and indicated that relative radiation intensity was the main factor that affected plant diversity under canopy in Larix kaempferi (Lamb.)　Carr. community by using regression step by step anaiysis method and gray relavant analysis method. The results showed that relative radiation intensity the most suitable to keep high plant species diversity was 31% and the most suitable shadeing intensity was 0.65 in Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carr. community.

Population and Ecological Characteristics of Soil Fungi in Larch Plantation on Qinling Mountains

Yao Tuo, Yang Junxiu, Jing Yao, Wu Chonghua

1998, (4): 7-13.

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Studies on fungi species and their distribution, quantity,dominant population and successional regular in the soil (including litter) in larch plantation on the Qinling Mountains were carred out. The results provided scientifical base for management of larch plantation,exploitation of fungi resources and research of biodiversity and substant cycles.

Effects of Feeding, Body Weight and Light Condition on Respiration of the Larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Lin Xiaotao, Huang Changjiang, Liang Xufang, Cao Shuangjun

1998, (4): 14-17.

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Effects of feeding, body weight and light condition on respiration of the larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii were studied in laboratory. The oxygen consumption increased about 1.2-1.5 times after full feeding, but dropped to routine levels after stopped feeding for 6 hours. The increase in oxygen consumption caused by feeding was not associated with both feeding duration and larval body weight. And the routine oxygen consumption of the larvae did not show any significant differences between light and dark rearing conditions. Based on the data in the present study, a regression formula between the routine oxygen consumption and dry body weight of larvae is R=5.1204W^0.8269, where R is the routine oxygen consumption of the larvae and W is the dry body weight.

Study on Ecological Characters of Monimopetalum chinense, a Rare and Endangered Species in China

Xie Guowen, Sun Yegen

1998, (4): 18-21,38.

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Monimopetalum chinense Rehd. belonging to a monotypic and endemic genus and is the second class conservative tree of rare and endangered species in China as well as the geog-raphical element of East China flora. This paper deals with the ecological characters of natural habitat, geographical distribution, spatial pattern, community composition, quantitative features, population size and reproductive ecology of the species. The results of investigation indicate that the distribution ofM. Chinense is very narrow, natural habitat is fragmentary and its population Shows colonial distribution pattern. The community composition and structure are complex. The trees of Cunninghamia lanceolata, Pinus massoniana, Alniphyllum fortunei etc. are dorminant in the community. Sexual reproduction of this species is bad and its population gradually become smaller owing to environmental stress, stand crown density and ecological features of reproduction etc.

Study of the Reproduction Eco-Behavior of Macaca mulatta in Taihang Mountains

Hou Jinhuai, Qu Wenyuan, Chen Li, Zhang Hongxu

1998, (4): 22-25.

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The reproduction eco-behavior of Macaca mulatta in Taihang Mountains under artificial feeding belongs to the type of poly-climbing and shooting semens. The period from August to February next year is their oestrus and mating time with the perk in October. The mean mating time is on 5 November. The period of childbirth of the Macaque is from March to July every year,with the peak time of delivery in April.The mean time of delivery is on 20 April.The ratio of babies born before 30 April is 67% of the total. The gestationed peroid of the Macaque lasts 166 days. The mating and babybirth time of Macaca mulatta in Taihang Mountains is 2 months later than that of the Macaque in Nanwan, Hainan Island. It reveals that the Macaque in Taihang Mountains has adapeted to the natural and ecological environment for long time.

Situation of Research on Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystem

Cao Cougui, Zhang Guangyuan, Wang Yunhua

1998, (4): 26-32.

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Bascd on analysis of developing trend of nutrient cycling research and according to systernatic throught about the research,the situation of research on nutri ent cycling in agroecosystem are systematically recapitulated and different meth ods are discussed in the paper.

Effect of Plant Changes Induced by Elevated Atmospheric CO₂ on Soil Biota

Zhang Linbo, Cao Hongfa, Gao Jixi, Shu Jianmin

1998, (4): 33-38.

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Increasing concentration of atmospheric CO₂ has dramatic effects on plant, which could indirectly effect on soil biota and related processes in soil. Response of soil biota is important for plant and ecosystem. This paper summarized the changes of plant under elevated CO₂ and responses of soil biota and processes in soil including mycorrhiza, nodule, rhizosphere microorganisms, plant pathogen, soil fauna and decomposition. Researches which should be stressed in the future were also pointed out in the paper.

Researches and Application of Biodiversity and Its Mechanism in Improving Agroecosystem Properties and Efficiency

Wu Jianjun, Li Quansheng, Bian Zhuoping

1998, (4): 39-44.

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Current research state and trend of biodiversity and its relationships with stability were briefly reviewed in the paper. Based on some cases of agroecosystems that rationally utilized biodiversity,mechanism of biodiversity in improving agroecosystem properties and efficiency were analyzed. These were: biodiversity expanded the spatial and trophic or functional niche of agroecosystems; strengthened the biological complementarity through its effects on habitat environment or trophic relationships; directly or indirectly improved the micro climate and soil environment; and promoted biological recycling of nutrients. The necessity and significance of strengthening researches on agroecosystem biodiversity, especially the current state of biodiversity of various agroecosystems; effects of management measures on biodiversity; transfer and dynamic changes of biodiversity among neighboring agroecosystems and the theory and methodology of agroecosystem biodiversity,were then explored.

Soil Respiration in Grassland Communities in the World

Li Linghao, Chen Zuozhong

1998, (4): 45-51.

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Soil respiration is a key process in the carbon cycle for grassland ecosystems. The commonly-used methods for measuring soil respiration were introduced in this paper. The CO₂ flux in soil respiration for major grassland communities in the world and its relation to vegetation and climate were summarized and expounded. The impacts of land-use changes on soil respiration were discussed. Finally, the turnover and residence time of soil organic matter in the soils of different grasslands were compared.

Relationships between the Plant Surface and Insects

Pang Baoping, Cheng Jiaan

1998, (4): 52-58.

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The relationships between the plant surface and insects are briefly reviewed, These include: the effects of physical structure and chemical composition of the plant surface on phytophagous insects and interrelationships among the plant, phytophagous insect and natural enemy.Emphasis is laid on the effects of glossy plant phenotypes,trichomes and epicuticular lipids on feeding,oviposition and movement of insects.Finally, several considerations in future studies of insect-plant surface relationship are suggested.

Influence of Prenatal Photoperiods on Development of Postnatal Testis in Striped Hairy-Footed Hamster (Review)

Xia Yin, Cheng Ruihe

1998, (4): 59-62,44.

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The testis development of striped hairy-footed hamsters in a photoperiod of intermediate duration (14L:10D) is influenced by the photoperiod to which the mothers are subjected during gestation.12L:12D promotes rapid gonadal development in young,while 16L:8D supresses gonadal development in young.Prenatal exposure to short photoperiod delays the start of spermatogenesis and reduces the numbers of gonocytes. The maternal pineal gland and melatonin mediate the effects of daylength during the prenatal period on the testis development in young. There is a restricted period for reception of the prenatal signal, with maximum sensitivity to maternal melatonin occuring 3-5 day before parturition.The response to postnatal melatonin signals dose not depend on the photoperiod in effect before brith. However, the prenatal photoperiod can influence the postnatal melatonin secretion pattern in males.

Effects of Water on the Living Young Rana Chensinensis at Different Temperatures

Wang Shoubing, Qu Yunfang, Jing Zuoqing, Jiang Chaoguang, Wu Qianhong

1998, (4): 63-65.

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Temperature and water are important ecological factors for the living of amphibian. It can provide theoretical direction for artificial culture to find out the effects of temperature and water on the young Rana chensinensis David. This paper dealt with the effcts of water to the young Rana chensinesis David. at different temperature. The results showed that the function was stronger below 30℃ when the temperature was higher, but it would seriously harm to the of living young Rana chensinensis David. when the temperature was 35℃.

Study on Calculation Model of Field Evapotranspiration for Different Crops

Liu Shaomin, Liu Zhihui, Fu Weidong

1998, (4): 66-69.

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Based on the measured data in field and comprehensive consideration over the meteorological condition, crop and soil state, the calculation model of field evapotranspiration, with Penman's field evaporative power, biological function and field soil water availability function. for different crops (cotton, maize and winter wheat) was established. Using routine meteorological and agrometeorological data,the model has good precision and is of value in utilization.

On Redundancy of Crop Exchange Views with Zhao Faqing

Dang Chenglin

1998, (4): 70-74,58.

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Several issues on redundancy of crop plants were discussed in the peper. The author agree with Odum's definition of redundancy:“ more than one species or component capable of performing a given function ”,but considers that the Zhao Faqing's definition of crop growth tediousness,“various exapanded developmental situations of living systems at different levels ( individual,population or community ),resulting in the departure from the biosystems steady-state by which men can benefit the most ”, has deviated from the basic meaning of redundancy and is not thoughtful.It is a partial idea that only care about the man's need but neglect the request of organisms.In some instances,the fundamental reason of the over-compensation of crop for insects is that insect feedings can not only reduce but also increase the redundancy of crop.The redundancy between different parts or organs of plants rises one after another. In order to increase the products in the crop management, the suitable methods should be applied to increase or decrease the redundancy of crop according to the redundant states of the crops. Redundancy is ubiquitous in the biosystem. It also makes biosystem to resist the random disturbation from surrounding environment in an efficient way. As the result, the stability of biosystem at different levels is maintained.

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