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Table of Content

    10 June 1998, Volume 17 Issue 03
    Types of the Evergreen Broadleaf Forest and their Community Species Diversity in Longqishan Nature Reserve, Fujian Province
    He Jinsheng, Chen Weilie, Xie Zongqiang, Hu Dong
    1998, (3):  1-6,10. 
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    The types of the evergreen broadleaf forest and their community species diversity characteristics in Longqishan nature reserve were studied based on field investigation. The results showed that there were mainly 6 types(Formation)of evergreen broadleaf forest in the reserve. The richness of different community layer showed shrub layer(including seedling and sapling)> tree layer > herb layer. The coffeciency of variation(%)of different community measured by richness or Shannon diversity index was tree layer > herb layer >shrub layer. In contrast to the large differences in community species diversity among different types of evergreen broadleaf forest, communities in different areas almost showed the same diversity pattern of shrub layer > tree layer >herb layer.
    Numerical Classification of the Forest Vegetation in the Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve
    Yang Yuanbing, Liu Yuchen, Fang Renji
    1998, (3):  7-10. 
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    The hierarchical and agglomerative analysis was used to achieve numerical classification of the forest vegetation in the Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve. The results obtained from the analysis of different distance coefficients and different clustring strategies indicated that there were eight formations of the forest vegetation in the nature reserve. The results of classification showed that the dominant plants belonged to the type of temperate zone distribution,mainly composed by Pinaceae,Betulaceae and Fagaceae. Pinaceaewas predominant vegetation, while faber forest was the widest distributed forest in Jiuzhaigou.The forest vegetation in this area also showed distinclly vertical distribution. It could be divided into needle -leaved and broad-leaf mixed forest zone and sub-alpine needle leaved forest zone from the low to the top in Jiuzhaigou. Finally, four commonly used strategies were discussed and the group-average strategy was considered to be an ideal method for hierarchical and agglomerative clustering.
    Selection of Evaluation Factors for Natural Villages by the Factory Analysis Method in the Huang Huai Hai Area
    Liu Jinlong
    1998, (3):  11-15,26. 
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    This paper tried to use factory analysis method in study of vectory analysis and selection of evalution factors for natural village ecosystem in forestry, agricultural, living hansbandry and natural, economic and social indexes in the Huang Huai Hai area. Five vectors from high to low according to their percentage of eigenvalue over the total were as follows: Natural-economic vector, social vector, forestry vector, living hansbandry vector, and agriculture vector. The accumulation of total percentage was up to 80.0%. The main factors were also obtained according to their loading matrix in each vector.
    The Spatial-Temporal Distribution of Seed Rain in Picea Mongolica Population
    Zou Chunjing, Xu Wenduo, Liu Guangtian
    1998, (3):  16-19. 
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    The flux of seed into and out of a unit of habitat determmines the potential population of that habitat. The process is called seed rain. Based on the study of spatial temporal heterogeneity of seed rain in Picea mongolica population, we found that its seed rain is a spatial process, that is to say, the seed rain intensity(SRI)is maximum in the distance 5-10 meters from the mother tree and it is difference in different directions. SRI is maximum with wind, then across wind and finally against wind. Furthermore, the seed rain is a temporal process too. The period of seed rain is about two weeks. SRI is maximum in 2-5 days and its spatial heterogeneity is as former. Based on the seed characters and dispersibility of Picea mongolica, we estimate that a single mature tree(DBH=50cm, Height=17m)can produce 1.6kg seed and 40kg fresh cores.
    Effects of Different Irrigation Patterns on the Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Rice
    Chen Guolin, Wang Renmin, Wang Zhaoqian
    1998, (3):  20-26. 
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    A two years'experiment was carried in the concrete troughs which can exactly control the water quantity. The results showed that the proper water saving irrigation patterns could regulate the water status internal the rice plants. The relative water content of leaves, especially the rate of free water to total water contents, under water saving irrigation were significantly higher than that of normal irrigation.The senescence of lower leaves delayed and the function time of photosynthetic source in reproductive stages increased too. The activity of root system at reproductive stages raised and the contradiction between high yield and early senescence of roots was coordinated. Enhancement of the dry matter accumulation in reproductive stages favored the grain yield development. Thus, the water saving irrigation resulted not only in water saving but also in high yield. An optimized irrigation pattern was discussed in the paper.
    Chemical Adjustment and Control of Deciduous Leaves of the Plane Tree
    Li En, Hu Xiaoqian, Wang Yizhang, Zhu Shengdong, Zhou Shoubiao
    1998, (3):  27-29. 
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    When the plane tree was treated with deciduous agent in Autumn,the moisture content of the leaf blades declined, the chlorophyll content dropped,the electrolytic exosmotic rate increased and the activity of hydrogen peroxidase became weak. As result,the leaf blades were shriveled by degrees, the abscission layers formed acceleratively and over 95% of the leaf blades fell off within 30 days.All these showed that the deciduous agent of plane tree could destroy the integrality of the cell membrance,which might be closely related to reduction of activity hydrogen of the peroxidase, the great accumulation of the hydrogen peroxide and proxidation lipoid membrance of the leaf cell.
    The Principles of three Interrelations in Pollution Ecology
    Xia Beicheng
    1998, (3):  30-36,41. 
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    This paper discussed about the definition of pollution ecology and put forward three interrelations in pollution ecology by expanding the existing definitions, which emphasized the effects of pollutants on organisms. These interrelations described the interactions among organisms, pollutants and environment. The interrelation I is about effects of organism on environment, the interrelation II illustrates the action of pollutants on organism and the interrelation III shows the degradation of pollutants by organism. These three interrelations give the frame of research fields in pollution ecology. It makes the discipline more perfect theoretically.
    Origin and Evolution of the VA Mycorrhizal Symbiosis
    Zhao Zhiwei
    1998, (3):  37-41. 
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    Origin and evolution of the VA mycorrhizal symbiosis were discussed in the article. It was considered that VA mycorrhizal symbiosis was a biological character with ancient origin based on VA mycorrhizal fossil materials, VA mycorrhizal states of angiosperms and pteridophytes and the researches of molecular biology on VA mycorrhizal fungi. VA mycorrhizal symbiosis played very important role in origin and evolution of the land plants. A lot of research work need to be done on evolution of VA mycorrhizal symbiosis, co-evolution and specialization of the VA mycorrhizal fungi and host plants.
    Phage Host Interactions in Natural Environments
    Jin Suying, Zhang Chenggang, Cui Mingxue
    1998, (3):  42-45. 
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    Phages are abundant and ubiquitous in nature, and are therefore important components of microbial communities. They can impact on host populations in several ways.The survival of phage populations is limited by the activity of soil bacteria. One of the most effective stragies for survival is the lysogenic cycle of temperate phages in soil. However,virulence seems a more successful strategy for phage populations in aquatic ecosystems. Phage mediated transfer of genetic elements(transduction)between bacterial cells, particularly with regard to the use of phages, is dealt with. Recently,the transdution has been demonstrated in nature and must contribute to evolutionary development of host populations.
    On the Target and Principles of Landscape Planning
    Xiao Duning, Li Xiaowen
    1998, (3):  46-52. 
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    The present paper provided some basic target and principles of landscape planning which can be widely applied in various types of landscape ecosystem, such as urban, rural, garden and nature reserve etc. Landscape planning involves in structure and function of landscape ecosystem and focuses on the multi-value and spatial solution which can compromise all these multi value of the object. The ultimate goal of landscape planning is realization of eco-sustainable landscape and holistic optimization of total human ecosystem.
    Landscape Ecological Functions of Field Boundary
    Yu Zhenrong, Hu Dunxiao, Wang Jianwu
    1998, (3):  53-58. 
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    The research advances on field boundary at landscape level were reviewed and the various landscape ecological functions of field boundary in biodiversity conservation, movement corridors, recreation resource and their interaction with farming systems were examined in the paper. The success of field boundaries in fulfilling these roles depends on a combination of their quality, density and spatial arrangement in the landscape. The comprehensive researches on field boundary need to be done for developing a theoretical foundation for understanding the functions of field boundaries and landscape designing.
    Forest Biodiversity and Natural Control of Tree Pests
    Gu Zhaowei, Qu Aijun, Zhu Chengmei
    1998, (3):  59-62. 
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    The relationship between forest biodiversity and natural control of tree pests is analysed and natural control of harmful insects in plantation ecosystem is discussed in the paper.
    Effects of Recreational Development on the Subalpine Meadow in Donglin Mountain
    Liu Hongyan, Cui Haiting, Zhang Jinhai, Xiang Guoliang
    1998, (3):  63-66. 
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    The subalpine meadow in Dongling Mountain has higher value of research, recreation and nature conservation. During recent years, the development of recreation has damaged the subalpine meadow quickly. After surveying, the authors suggested a quantitative method for assessing the effect. Finally, some proposals for solving the conflict between recreation and nature conservation were suggested.
    Plant Biodiversity and its Conservation in Fushun District of Northeast China
    Xie Wei, Ying Lianqing, Sang Shuchen, Wang Y躩ie
    1998, (3):  67-70,76. 
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    The plant biodiversity is relatively rich in Fushun district,with 1158 species belonging to 549 genera and 178 families,44.5% of the total recorded in Liaoning province. Among them,14 species are endangered ones on the national red list while 13 species are protected by the province. The main reasons coursing species become endangered and countermeasures for conservation are discussed and suggested.
    Study on Manufacture of the Biomass by Basidiomate
    Chen Qiwu, Xia Qunxiang
    1998, (3):  71-72,45. 
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    The manufacture of using strains of Pleurotus ostreatus and P. sujor to convert the shell of catton seeds into biomass is introduced in the paper.This technigue has advantages of simple procedure;short cultivating time and relatively large quantity of biomass.
    On Ecological Construction of the Urban Garden Cemeteries in China
    Zhou Hong, Yang Yiguang
    1998, (3):  73-76. 
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    Ecological construction of the urban garden cemeteries has great significance in the ecological restoration on urban barren mountains; solvation of the land-using problems caused by funeral and interment; promotion of spiritual civilization and cultivation of new perspectives of cultural ecology. The authors introduce the principles and ways of constructing ecological garden cemeteries in cities and give ecological appraisal of present forms of the garden cemeteries and some suggestions about the ecological construction of urban garden cemeteries in China.