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中文
Table of Content
10 April 1998, Volume 17 Issue 02
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Dry Mass Loss and Chemical Changes of the Decomposed Fine Roots in three China South Subtropical Forests at Dinghushan
Wen Dazhi, Wei Ping, Zhang Youchang, Kong Guohui
1998, (2): 1-6,31.
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The experiments of decomposition of fine roots were carried out in pine forest(PF), pine-broadleaved mixed forest(PBF)and evergreen broadleaved forest(EBF)in the Dinghushan biosphere reserve. Regression analyses showed that the power function of X/X
0
=e
-kt
with Adj.r
2
(0.989- 0.993)very well fitted with the data of dry mass loss against time(year). The theoretical values of annual decomposition rate of roots with diameter≤2mm derived from the equations were 43.44%, 43.97%, 46.91% for PF,PBF and EBF respectively and also fitted very well with the measured values(43.15%, 43.90%, 45.68%). Decay coefficients(K)were 0.570 for PF, 0.579 for PBF and 0.633 for EBF. The decomposition rate of roots with diameter of 2-4mm is lower(38.54%)than that of roots with diameter≤2mm.No significant difference of the decomposition rates was found between the decomposing roots buried in mesh bags of 0.25mm and 1.00mm. At the 170th day, about 95% soluble carbohydrate was leached out. At the 300th day, The released rate ranged 20.2%-57.3% for N, 52.3%-82.5% for P, 68.6%-83.4% for K, 75.9%-79.1% for Mn and 41.7%-79.1% for Zn. The negative values(-14.8% to -70.2% for Ca, 5.2% to -59.6% for Mg)implied that a tendency of accumulation for element Ca and Mg occured during decomposition proceses.
Study of a Model on Change Ratio of the Population Densities Dynamics of Prorocentrun sigmoides Bohm in the Dapeng Bay, South China Sea
Huang Guanhong, Guo Yuanqiong, Huang Weijian
1998, (2): 7-10.
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A change ratio model was made to analysis population density dynamic of
Prorocentrun sigmoides
Bohm in the Dapeng Bay, South China Sea. The data were based on the samples taken at intervals of 2nd from 30 March to 10 June 1990. On the basis of conductions of the previous papers, early days density and change ratio of
Prorocentrun sigmoides
Bohm, temperature and its change ratio, concentrations and change ratio of dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN, including NO
3
-N and NO
2
-N)and inorganic phosphate(DIP)were identified the relationship with change ratio of later stage
Prorocentrun sigmoides
Bohm. Using calculus of variations, the authors identified
t
he change ratio model of the population density dynamics of
Prorocentrun sigmoides
Bohm. Six change ratio models were established. The formula is: d Q
t
/d
t
=a
0
+a
1
*d Q
t
-1/d
t
+a
2
Q
t
-1 +a
3
T
t
+a
4
*d T
t
/d
t
+a
5
N
t
+a
6
*d N
t
/d
t
+a
7
P
t
+a
8
*d P
t
/d
t
The fitting degree between the calculations and field data was quite accurate. The results provided a scientific basis for controlling redtide of
Prorocentrun sigmoides
Bohm.
A Study of Diversity of the Coniferous Forest in the Lower Huaihe Valley
Yan Chuanhai
1998, (2): 11-15.
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The spatial pattern of diversity of the coniferous forest in the lower Huaihe valley and its relation to the climate were studied in the paper.Species diversity index(SDI),community evenness index(CEI)and ecological dominance index(EDI)were used to measure the diversity. The potential evapo-transpiration by Penman’s method was adopted to analyse the characteristics of the climate. The results showed:(1)SDI, CEI and EDI for coniferous forest were 0.07～1.52,0.07～0.59 and 0.36～0.98 respectively. The diversity of coniferous forest increased from the north/west to the south/east.(2)Diversity pattern of the coniferous forest corresponded to the regional differentiation of aridity. Finnally, the proposals for the biodiversity conservation in the study region were put forward.
A Study of Climatic Suitable Ecotopes for Introduction of Chinese Rare Desertific Shrub
Helinthemum soongoricum
Li Xinrong
1998, (2): 16-19,25.
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Helinthemum soongoricum
is an old-relic species mainly distributed in the west of the Ordos plateau. it is not only very rare in species resources, but also is valueble for scientific research. Based on fuzzy cluster and PCA of the climate conditions the Ordos plateau was divided into three climatic suitable ecotypes for the purpose of introduction of the
Helinthemum soongoricum
. The climatic-ecological factors which influenced the distribution of
Helinthemum soongoricum
were analysed.
Effects of the Acid Rain and Sulfuric Dioxide Exposure on Several Woody Young Trees with Different Resistance
Chen Shuyuan, Xu Hebao, Xie Mingyun, Zhang Fuzhu, Miao Hong, Zhang Hongrui
1998, (2): 20-25.
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The damage and impact of acid rain and sulfuric dioxide exposure alone and in combination on several woody young trees were described in the paper. The exposure tests in open top field chambers were carried out in four kinds of acid rain, pH=2.0, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.6, and in two groups of SO
2
concentrations(mg穖
-3
), 1.5, 1.0, 0.5, 0.03 of first and 3.0, 2.0, 1.0, 0.03 of second respectively. The results showed that blade damage degree was closely related with level, pattern and time of pollution exposure. The difference in sensitivity and reaction to complex exposure was obvious among the trial young trees. When the exposure to acid rain(pH=3.0)and SO
2
(1.0mg穖
-3
)for two days had not aroused blade damage of the resistion trees, the exposure only for one day in same level mentioned above had led to obvious damage of the sensitive trees. In addition, the feedback action to complex exposure was antagonistic and synergistic reaction in resistive and sensitive trees, respectively.
Study of SO
2
Pollution Condition and Plant Reaction in the Forest Park of Shenyang Aerolite Mountain
Liu Rongkun, Hu Yan, Li Yongzheng
1998, (2): 26-31.
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The average concentration of SO
2
in the air of the park is lower than the national standard. The sulphur′s capacity of arbors is higher than that of the bush and the conifers′ is the lowest. The average quantity of SO
2
pollutant of the trees in the park is 91.5% lower than in Dongling Park. Therefore,the park withought SO
2
pollution is an ideal excursion and a contrast place for ecology study. Two methods determing the tree′s stress feature, injure and permibility, have the same results. Selection of planting trees in the city on their resistant to the pollution was obtained.
Global Change and Sustainable Development
Peng Shaolin
1998, (2): 32-37,42.
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The appearances of the global change were reviewed in this paper. The conclusion was that we need to carry out the way of sustainable development. The basic science problems were discussed in the article.
The Principles and Methods of Ecological Regulation and Management of Pests
Ge Feng
1998, (2): 38-42.
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Integrated pest management(IPM)has been received as the only national approach to pest control since 1960s. However, because of limitation of the IPM concept and social,economical,technical and organizational obstacles, the rate of adoption of IPM by farmers has been very low. In this paper, the principles and methods of ecological regulation and management of pest(ERMP)are proposed for development of IPM. As a part of agriculture systems, the pest management must be incorporated in sustainable agriculture with other agricultural practices. The high crop yields and low-input sustainable agriculture could be maintained by designing the pest management eco-engineering and optimizing the integrated use of various ecological regulation and management practices to pests.
Habitat Selection in Animals
Yan Zhongcheng, Chen Yonglin
1998, (2): 43-49.
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The habitat selection in animals was summarized in the paper. These include:(1)The habitat structure and its effect on animals,(2)Habitat selection in animals, and(3)Theories about habitat selection.
Research Advances of Gap Regeneration Dynamics
Zang Runguo
1998, (2): 50-58.
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The researches on the theory of forest cycle, process of gap formation and gap regeneration dynamics were introduced in the paper. Gap regeneration and restoration were discussed from aspects of species responses to gaps, gap regeneration/filling dynamics and their relationships with disturbance regimes. The relationships of gap dynamics with community structure and landscape pattern were briefly accounted. Finally, the trend of gap dynamics modelling was described.
Phytoremediation of Contaminated Soil
Shen Dezhong
1998, (2): 59-64,49.
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Plant-based remediation techniques are showing prospects for use in the contaminated soil with organic and inorganic pollutants. Two contrasting approaches are being pursued: decontamination and stabilization, including phytoextration, phytodegradation and phytostabilization. Its mechanism, advantage, limitation and application are discussed.
Influence of Different Bed Width on the Interspecific Relationship and Yield in Relay Cropping of Wheat and Corn
Li Pingping, Chen Xin
1998, (2): 65-67.
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Influence of different bed width on the interspecific relationship in relay cropping of wheat and corn was studied based on the field experiments. The results showed that increase of bed width from 1.2m to 2.4m could take marginal advantage of wheat and reduce marginal disadvantage of corn, so the crop yield of double cropping increased. And increased of the bed width was also helpful for mechanization of farm work under the relay cropping.
The Interfering Factors of Arginine Ammonification Method
Lin Qimei
1998, (2): 68-70.
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Arginine ammonification rate is an indicator of the activity of soil microbial biomass. It is interfered by soil moisture, the quantity of arginine addition and incubation time. The results showed that a large amount of ammonium was released from the soil added with arginine. The arginine ammonification rate kept unchange for 6 hours. Soil moisture greatly affected arginine ammonification rate. Arginine ammonification rate increased with the increase of soil moisture up to 200% WHC. Only a small amount of NH
4
-N was oxided to NO
3
-N at high soil moisture. The arginine remained in soil extract interfered with ammonium determination. Therefore, a low amount of arginine and long time incubation were necessary when the arginine ammonification method was used for estimating soil microbial biomass.
A Further Discussion on the Economic Threshold in IPM
Hao Shuguang, Zhang Xiaoxi
1998, (2): 71-77.
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The previous theories and methods of determining the economic threshold in Intergrated Pest Management(IPM)and some of their shortcomings were analysed in the paper. It was not satisfied to decide the economic threshold of pest only according to the rule of “cost of controlling=benefit of controlling”.
