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    10 December 1993, Volume 12 Issue 06
    Species diversity of higher plants in Lime korean pine forest on nortkern slope of Changbai mountain
    Hao Zhanqing, Zhao Sidong, Tao Dali, Wang Miao
    1993, (6):  1-5. 
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    The Shannon diversity index and evenness are used to analyse the species diversity of higher plants in lime korean pine forest on northern slope of Changbai Mountain. The results show that Shannon diversity in-dex is 2.8228 for woody plants,2.9766 for herbs;the Shannon evenness is 0.7292 for woody plants,6436 for herbs.The species abundance distributions of both woody plants and herbs resernble a log series distribution.
    Estimation for Biomass and Turnover of Soil Microorganisms
    Gao Yunchao, Zhu Wenshan, Chen Wenxin
    1993, (6):  6-10. 
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    To obtain some information about transformation of mineral nutrients by soil microorganisms,we have measured the amount and turnover rate of soil rnicrobial biomass in no-tillage,direct drilling and plow-ing soils.Microbial biornass in notillage top soil is 51.7% and 26.0% higher than those in plowing and direct drilling soils(0-7.5cm);The turnover rates of soil microbial biomass are 1.17yr-1 in plowing soil (0-15cm),0.66 in no-tillage and 0.74 in direct drilling soils(0-7.5cm),with minimal difference for tillage or depth in lower soil layers;The nutrients immobilized by microbes and their flux through microb biomass are greater than their uptake by crops. The principal function of the microbial biomass is thus to accumulate and conserve nutrients in a biologically active form during seedling period of crops when crops are growing rapidly and absorbing much nutrients from soil,and then to release nutrients to promote crop growth.
    Study on Productivity of Irrigated Stereoscopic Multiple-Cropping Ecosystems in Mountainous Area of Southern Ningxia
    Du Shouyu, Tian Enping, Wang Zhanshan
    1993, (6):  11-16. 
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    The various cropping ecosystems are assessed comprehensively for benefit by the analysis of Hierarchical procedure and the expected beneficial value of wheat/com cropping systern is the highest among the three cropping ecosystems.The paper not only analyses the possibility and necessity of developing the stereo multiple-cropping ecosystems on mountainoiis area with local irrigation condition but also puts forwards suitable popularizing belt in link with their different planting model tralt.
    The Effect of Pinus tabulaeformis Skelterbelt in Runoff Regulation
    Wang Weihua, Zhu Jinwei
    1993, (6):  17-20. 
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    The role of Pinus tabulaeformis shelterbelt in redistribution of atmosphere precipitation is demonstrated by field measurements on a water balance trial field.38.3% of precipitation was intercepted by the canopy,Dominant factors influencing canopy interception are rainfall amount and rainfall intensity,The slope runoff generated was 13.7,4.17 and 3.86 percent of precipitation from bare ground,grassland and pine shelterbelt,respectively.
    Ecologieal Responses of Rice Caseworm to Hybrid Rices and Traditional Rices
    Qian Xi
    1993, (6):  21-24. 
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    To study the effect of rice cultivars on the oviposition,emergence, worm development and natural enemv parasition of caseworm and losses caused by the pest,observations have been made on 16 rice cultivars in Huanghai State Farm in Northern Jiangsu province,where caseworm gradually become more and more vi-olent since the changes in cultivation system.The pest lay more eggs and cause more serious damage on the rice cultivars with larger plant.So that,consideration of the pest should be taken into account in the selection of rice cultivars.
    Tecknology and Benefits of Fir and Tobaco Intercropping
    Fang Lejin, Wu Ruzhan, Zhang Junming, Huang Xuanzheng, Liu Bing
    1993, (6):  25-28. 
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    Chinese Journal of Ecology,1993,12(6):25-28.Incense tobaco was intercropped with 1-2yr.fir plantation.The benefits were analyzed.The intercrop-ping system improved space and light energy utilization,fir seedling growth,soil-water protection and the occurrence of disease and pest.Apparent economic benefit was got.525kg, ha-1 of tobaco was har-vested and 1200 yuan.ha-1 of tobaco was harvested and 1200 yuan.ha-1,pure benefit was got. It is 1.4-4.2 times higher than intercropped grain. The quality of tobaco was higher than pure tobaco crop. The total K-1,total saccharides and reducing sugar content were 29.4,12.4 and 11.29% higher than that of pure crop.The total N and protein content were 18. 6,and 15.2% lower.
    Litter Production and Dynamics in Broadleavcd-Korean Pine Forests in Xiaoxingan Mountaiils
    Liu Chuanzhao, Li Jingwen, Pan Guilan, Li Chuanrong
    1993, (6):  29-33. 
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    Three-year study was done on litter production and dynamics under broadleaved-Korean pine forests in the Xiaoxingan Mountains.Results showed that annual litter fall is 4.25?0.17t.ha-1.yr-1.Among total litterfall,leaf litter constitute 73.9%,branch 5.7%,bark 6.0%, flower 2.8%,seeds and fruits 8.6%,and miscellaneous materials 3.0%.Monthly litterfall show a binomial curve with two peaks in June and September,respectively. The total litterfall in September and October is 63.7% of the total.Standing crop of litter on forest floor under broadleaved-Korean pine forests was 9.719t.ha-1.The decomposition rate of litter is 0.437t.ha-1,yr-1.The time for decomposing 95% of litter is 6.9 years.
    Mathematical Model on Nitrate Accumulation in Vegetable after Applying N,P and K Fertilizers
    Duan Yongxin, Fu Tingzhi
    1993, (6):  34-36. 
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    Chinese Journal of Ecology,1993,12(6):34-36.In This paper,a regression wodel on nitrate accumulation in spirach is establised,which can predict the accumulation amount of nitrate under different application rates of N,P and K fertilizers.Using this model,the nitrate content in spirach can be controlled through fertilization,and its harmful effect on baman body can be reduced.
    Quantintive Characteristics of Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling of Farmland in a Farm Ecosystem in Hexi Corridor
    Li Fadi
    1993, (6):  37-40. 
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    Quantitative characteristics of energy flow and nutrient cycling of farmland subsystem in a farm ecosys-tem in Hexi Corridor were studied.The results showed that the deflree of opening,input and output were high,the ratio of output to input of subsidy energy,nitrogen and phosphorus of the farmland subsystem was 3.11,0.79 and 0.49 respectively.
    Progresses on the Analysis of Econetwork
    Han Boping
    1993, (6):  41-45. 
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    Econetwork is a structural model which is used to simulate the flow of material and energy in ecosystem.The analysis of econetwork is the theory and methods to analyze the flow behavior and feature of material and energy in econetwork,it includes the analysis of flow feature,information indices,stochastic pro-cess, trophic level and sensitivity.A review is systematically given.
    The Stress Reaction Model of Plaut to Insect's Pressure
    Wang Haibo
    1993, (6):  46-48. 
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    On the basis of experiments,a new set of models about plant's integrative reaction under insects'pres-sure is proposed The models can be divided into two parts:distinguishing reaction model and stress reac-tion model.The former part indicates that plant has one kind of convergent physioIogical stress reaction in adverse situations,no special reaction of distinguishing and stress.The change of secondary metaboliteis only an accompaily phenomenon,The stress reaction model shows that the reaction is established on the plant selfregulation and dynamic metabolic process.The main metabolism and secondary metabolism of plant alternate their phase successively,so that the plant is always in emergeiicy state,in case there is insect's pressure,it will react appropriately to the intensity of the pressure.
    Effects of Atmospberic Pollution on Plant Diseases and Pests
    Wu Ya, Jin Cuixia
    1993, (6):  49-53. 
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    This paper summarizes the effects of main atmospheric pollutants,such as O3,SO2,fluorides,acid rain etc.on plant pathogenic microorganisms;the effects of air pollution on the occurance and infestation of phytophagus insects,and the influences of greenhouse effect of CO2 on the outbreak of pests.
    The Role of Non-pathogenic Microorganisms in Plant-pathogen Coevolution
    Shan Weixing
    1993, (6):  54-59. 
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    In view of present problems associated with plant disease control,coupled with recent advances in biolog-ical control of plant diseases and plant-pathogen interactions,the author pointed out the importance of non-pathogenic microorganisms inhabiting plant surfaces in regulation of plant-pathogen coevolution with reference to biological control of plant diseases.The impact of agricultural practices on plant-pathogen interactions and non-pathogenic rnicroorganisms was briefly discussed.
    Achievement and Perspective of the Researches on Soutb China Sea Turtle Resources and Protection in Cbina
    Wang Yamin
    1993, (6):  60-61. 
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    This paper introduces the researches in field of South China Sea turtle resources and protection in China.There are five species sea turtles in China,about 90% of them live in South China sea.During 1959-1988,3184.It sea turtle were catched (about 31841 sea turtle ).It's estimated that there are 16800-46300 sea turtlein South China Sea.
    Relationship between Forest Vegetation and Its Habitats in Xunhe River Basin of Qinling Mountain and Its Adjacent Areas
    Kang Muyi
    1993, (6):  62-66. 
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    Principles of vegetation ecology and method of multivariate analysis(Double Sieving Step Regression)are applied to reveal the general relationship between forest vegetation and its habitats in the upper and mid-dle reaches of Xunhe River basin and their adjacent areas. The results show that the species diversity and richness of synusia have higher significance for indicating the correlation between forest community and habitats.Two primary conclusions are deduced from the results:(1)the dominant habitat factor guiding forest distribution and growth is elevation and (2)soil pH is also an important factor in affecting species growth of many communities.
    Improvement on the Modelling Method of Biolmass of Brush
    Zhang Feng, Shangguan Tieliang, Li Suzhen
    1993, (6):  67-69. 
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    During making research on the biomass of Elaeagnus mollis,the regression model of the biomass is built by replacing D2 H with CH,The result shows that not only it is convinient in the field work, but also theforecast model has more Drecision when CH is usedas the independent variable.
    On The Conception and Appllcation of the Base Temperature for Development
    Tang Yezhong, Zhu Jian-guo, Kuang rongping
    1993, (6):  70-72. 
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    This paper deals with the concepts and applications of the base temperature for development.It is found that there are some confusions on the concepts of the base temperature of development, and paradox be-tween the base temperature for various developing stages and the whole generation.Therefore,it is sug-gested that the base temperature for the whole generation should not be used in practice.Meanwhile,it is proposed that more attentions should be paid to the direct physiological methods for determining the base temperature for development.