Table of Content

10 April 1991, Volume 10 Issue 02

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Study on the Ecological Effect of Different Crops in Semi-Arid Loess Hilly Region

Gao Wangsheng, Hu Hengjue

1991, (2):  1-6,19. 

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Based on three years field experiments at Dingxi county of Gansu province, this paper compares and analyses the primary productivity, climatic resource utilization efficiency, characteristics of energy and matter cyclings and water adaptability of various crops such as spring wheat, pea, hyacinth bean, naked-oat, crown-flax, millit, potato, lucerne, sweatclover and sainfoin etc. It is considered that the development of grassland agriculture and the establishment of a new cropping system combining cereal crops and fodder grasses in proper proportion are scientific for the semi-arid Loess hilly region. Increasing field input and soil fertilization are critical to enhancing farmland productivity.

Dynamics of Organic Matter and Nutrients in Winter Arbor Leaves in tea Plantation Ecosystem

Huang Xiaolan, Ding Ruixing

1991, (2):  7-10. 

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Seasonal patterns of litter decomposition and nutrient release from winter leaves of Chinese tallow and chestnut were determined using litterbags at hillock and alluvial terrace teaarbor complex plantation in southern Anhui province. The decomposition coefficients(K)are high and more than 80% of K, Ca, Mg and 20—80% of Na, Mn, Cu, Zn are released after one year, which is benefitial to soil amelioration and tea plant growth.The tea-arbor complex ecosystem should be advocated in China's tea production areas, where organic fertilizers are absent.

Influence of Temperature on Individual Development and Fecundity of Tetragnatha vermiformis

Zhao Jingzhao, Chen Wenhua

1991, (2):  11-15. 

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Within the range of 20—35℃, the life span of adult spiders shortens as temperature rises, and males live shorter than females. The developmental rate changes with a turning point at about 25℃. The spiderlings could not normally mature below 15℃ or above 38℃. The 2nd instar spiderlings show the lowest average survival rate. The temperature threshold for development at egg stage is 12.44℃ , and for whole generation is 9.49℃. The threshold of effective accumulated temperature is 707.67℃·day. At 29℃, female spiders lay most egg sacs with most eggs as well. The hatching rate is the highest at 26℃.

Dynamics of Height and Net Aboveground Production of Reed Population During Growing Seasons in the Yellow River Delta

Li Xingdong

1991, (2):  16-19. 

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The height growth of Phragmites communis population conforms to the Jaw of reciprocal equation, which reduces gradually during growing seasons. The dynamics of population height growth is significantly positively correlated with effective accumulated temperature of environment and negatively correlated with accumulated precipitation. The variation of net aboveground production conforms to the Logistic model, which is significantly positively correlated with effective accumulated temperature. The dynamics of population height and net aboveground production reflects the integrated interactions between individual development rhythm in population and environmental factors.

Studies on Ecological Structure of Fish Fauna in the Dachuan River

Zhou Yangjing, Wu Wanrong

1991, (2):  20-21. 

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Ecological structure of fish fauna in the Dachuan river at Lushan county of Sichuan province was studied with the method of ecological overlap coefficient. The studies are from three aspects, i.e., spatia structure, food structure and breeding structure. Both overlap and separation are found in the ecological structure of fish fauna. The ecological pressure resulted from serious overlap in one ecological aspect may be lightened by the ecological separation in other aspects. The result has significant meaning for the theory and practice of fish bleeding.

Agroforestry of Chinese Fir

Yu Xintuo

1991, (2):  25-28. 

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Planting Chinese fir with intercropping crops has a long tradition in south China. It has developed a specific cultural system for nearly 1000 years and accumulated a great sum of experience. This paper presents the ecological habits of Chinese fir and habitats under its forest, main species and structure of intercropping crops and their cropping measmes. Finally, the economic, ecological and social effects of the agroforestry are evaluated and existing problems are discussed.

Distribution Pattern of Sky Diffuse Radiation Between Farmland Shelterbelts

Cai Tianqi, Gao Lichun

1991, (2):  29-31,35. 

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Sky diffuse radiation in shelterbelt-crop intercropping system has been calculated and measured. It is found that the "light threatened area" is only in a range of 1—2 times the height of shelterblt trees, within which, crop production is reduced. The effect of shelterbelt on sky diffuse radiation at the distance of 30H can be neglected. The relationship between mean relative radiative intensity and distance from shelterbelt conforms with Logarithm curve, with the maximum increasing rate appeared at 3-4H. North-south direction shelterbelt exerts less effect on sky diffuse radiation than east-west one. The minimum range of "light threatened area" and the range of maximum wind speed reduction are important parameters in shelterbelt network size designing.

Application of Grey Decision-Making in Optimization of Intercropping Combinations Under Forest

Xue Jianhui

1991, (2):  32-35. 

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Grey system decision-making method is used to make optimization sequence of intercropping combinations for the agroforestry of young Taxodium ascendens stands in Lixia river basin of Jiangsu province. The rape-water melon-vegetable combination is selected as the optimum and then is the rape-soybean combination. Several other designs are also suggested, which are economically rational and actually practicible for reference in production.

Selection of Optimum Forest Rubber-Pepper Model Using AHP Method

Luo Linchuan, Luo Damin

1991, (2):  36-40. 

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In this paper, grey correJational analysis is introduced into AHP method to deal with problems concerning alternate presence of qualitive and quantitative factors. And then. four models of forest-rubber-popper are evaluated and optimized using this AHP method. From the comprehensive consideration of economic, ecological and social benefits, the forestrubber-pepper combining model is selected as a successful model of multi-layer cultivation, which is valuable to be popularized.

Advance in Research of Ecological Mathematical Models

Liu Laifu

1991, (2):  41-44. 

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The advance in research of ecological mathematical models and its existing problems are overviewed in this paper. Three possible directions for the future development of mathematical model research are introduced respectively.

Role of Organic Detritus of Mangrove Forest in Esturine Ecosystem

Lin Peng, Chen Ronghua

1991, (2):  45-48,64. 

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The litterfall of mangrove forest is important as primary production to the energy flow and matter cycling in esturine ecosystem. The litterfall production of mangrove forest is high, which exceeds 8t穐a^-1穣r^-1. It becomes organic detritus after destroyed by mechanical force and decomposed by microorganisms. In the decomposition process of organic detritus, there is a reduction in C/N ratio and increment in protein content and caloric value, which is a high nutritive food source for detritus consumers in estury. The organic detritus of mangrove forest presents a major storage, transport and buffer mechanism for the esturine ecosystem. It guarantees the fishery production in esturine and coastal regions.

Advances in Altruistic Behavior Research

Zhou Bo

1991, (2):  49-56. 

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The advances in major fields of altruistic behavior research are summarized. The relatives selection theory, experimental data about Hymenoptera insects and relatives game ESS are introduced. Finally, theoretical models about game altruistic behavior of two-and multicontestants are given and discussed.

Ecoloaical Investigation on Bloodsucking Midges at Dandong Area of Liaoning Province

Ding Zhaofu, Sun Quanzhong

1991, (2):  57-58. 

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13 species belonging to 2 genera of bloodsucking midges were recorded at Dandong area of Liaoning province by an ecological investigation from May to October of 1988, Culicoides nipponensis is showed to be a dominant species at the area, which occupies 35.1% of total captured number. The next dominant species is C. circumscriptus, 18.9% in total. Two new species, C. obsocuratus and Lasiohelea dandongensis, were found in the investigation. The diurnal activity of C. nipponensis peaks at an hour after sunset, its seasonal activity peaks in early Juiy and August. C. circumscriptus appears in mid-June and disappears after mid-August. C. manchuriensis also appears in mid-June bat disappears after the middle of September.

Effect of Vehicle Exhaust Gas on Reaumuria soongorica by the Road

Liu Jianjun

1991, (2):  59-60,64. 

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The range of influence of vehicle exhaust Pb on Reaumuria soongorica by the road is 30 meters. The background value of Pb in the leaves of R. soongorica in the Kalamili Mountain Reserve is 0.61—0.77mg·kg^-1, its average is 0.6869mg·kg^-1. The relationship between Pb content in leaves and distance to the road is described as: Cx=0.6869+0.3761exp(-0.034x), r=0.87. In average, Pb content in leaves of R. soongorica reduces 3.4% per meter from the road.

Models for Landscape Ecological Research——Two Mature Methods

He Hongshi, Song Aijun, Hou Yanlin

1991, (2):  61-64. 

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Two typical methods for landscape ecological research are discussed respectively in this paper. The American method combines the hcrizcnal and vertical directions of research by deviding and defining landscape into patch, corridor and matrix, and carries out ecological and geological studies logistically. The Czechoslovak method develops the landscape ecological planning model to deal with problems in regional comprehensive development. Both methods are aimed at the scientific management of landscape.