Table of Content

10 October 2002, Volume 21 Issue 5

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Fractal Analysis of Distribution Patterns of Plantago virginica and Pasiatica

Guo Shuiliang, Zhang Dongxu, Xu Jiangyu, Hu Han

2002, (5):  1-4. 

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Box dimension and information dimension based on individual and leaf number were applied to analyze the distribution patterns of Plantato asiatica and P.viriginica in suburbs of Jinhua. The results showed that both the box dimension and the information dimention of P.virginica were obviously higher than those of P.asiatica in the high human-distributed environment. P.asiatica was mostly distributed in the environment with compacted soil. The information dimension on the basis of leaf probability in the boxes showed that the populations of P.virginica and P.asiatica in low density could exploit environmental resources effectively.

Comparison of the Internal Organs of Microtus fortis calamorum in Different Habitats

Hu Zhongjun, Wang Yong, Zhang Meiwen, Guo Cong

2002, (5):  5-8. 

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Microtus fortis calamorum inhabit on the beach of Dongting Lake from winter to spring, and hereafter are forced to migrate into rice field by flood and live there until autumn usually. We had compared the viscera indices (viscera indices=viscera weight/body weight?100g, including heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, stomach without content and testis) and intestinal tract length of M.fortis calamorum from the beach of Dongting Lake in spring, the rice field in autumn and laboratory populations. There were significant differences in the indices of liver, spleen, kidney and stomach of females among the three habitats, and so were the indices of heart, spleen, kidney, stomach and testis of males. The spleen indices of wild voles from the beach of Dongting Lake and rice field were conspicuously bigger than that of laboratory ones. The length of caecum, large+small intestine and total intestinal tract of wild voles were significantly longer than that of laboratory ones, and the length of caecum of voles from the beach of Dongting Lake were significantly longer than that of animals from the rice field. The results suggest that the bigger spleen of wild voles is probably an immunoreation to the infection of the animalcule and schistosome, and that the intestinal tract length is related to the food quality and the requirement of energy and nutrition. The caecum length extends with the increase of the cellulose in the food.

Metabolism of Organic Carbon of Plankton Community in Shrimp Cultural Enclosure Ecosystems

Liu Guocai, Li Deshang, Dong Shuanglin, Chen Zhaobo

2002, (5):  9-11. 

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Metabolism of organic carbon of plankton community in shrimp cultural enclosure ecosystems was studied from May 30 to August 23,1997 in the shrimp farm of Huanghai Fishery Group corporation.The results indicated that the plankton community respiration rate fluctuated from 0.07 to 2.28mg C·L^-1·d^-1 with an average of 0.82±0.42mgC·L^-1·d^-1;in which,phytoplankton respiration rate averaged 0.34mgC·L^-1·d^-1,while zooplankton and bacteria respiration rates averaged 0.48 mgC·L^-1·d^-1,constituting 41% and 59% of the plankton community respiration rates respectively.Phytoplankton production rates fluctuated from 0.08 to 4.41 mgC·L^-1·d^-1 with an average of 1.68±0.80mgC·L^-1·d^-1.Its average ratio to plankton community respiration rate was 1∶0.49.The rate of plankton community respiration correlated positively with particular organic carbon concentration,but negatively with dissolved organic carbon concentration and water transparency.About 35% of the total organic carbon income was mineralized through the process of plankton community metabolism during the cultural period.

Cadmium Pollution in Soil Subsystem of Taiyuan

Wang Yinggang, Guo Cuihua, Wei Wei, Chen Weimin

2002, (5):  12-13,21. 

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Owing to accumulation effect, heavy metal pollution of soil subsystem in the city is becoming more and more serious. The present and potential harm caused by it has been widely noticed by people. In this paper, by monitoring soil cadmium content in different places in Taiyuan, the distribution of cadmium content in soil subsystem is understood clearly, and its formation is found out. These achievements provide scientific evidences for prevention and control of cadmium pollution in soil subsystems of Taiyuan.

Summer Temperature Characteristics of Broadleaved Pinus koriaensis Forest in Changbai Mountain

Wu Jiabing, Guan Dexin, Dai Limin, Jin Mingshu, Xu Hao

2002, (5):  14-17. 

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Air and soil temperatures were observed in and out of broadleaved P.koriaensis forest (average height 25m) at Changbai Mountain in July,2000.The results showed that there was a very obvious difference between temperatures in and out of forest and both of them showed diurnal variation.Air temperature in the forest at 2m height was always lower in daytime and higher at nighttime than that in the open air.Air temperature at height of 22m in the forest was higher than that at 2m.The difference of air and soil temperature at the two sites in clear day was larger than that in cloudy day,and the latter was larger than that in overcastday.Reasons were also explained.

Numerical Analysis on Morphologic Structure of Different Populations of Cephalotaxus mannii

Xiang Zhiqiang, Liu Yucheng, Zhang Xintong

2002, (5):  18-21. 

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The key characters of the five different populations of Cephalotaxus mannii have been analyzed.No differentiation exists between the other four populations except the case of the Mt.Diaoluo population.

Phosphate Immobilization and Its Inhibitting Factors in the Soil under a Chinese Fir Stand

Chen Jinlin, Pan Genxing

2002, (5):  22-25. 

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Phosphate immobilization and its inhibition in the soil under a Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceoata)stand were studied. The results showed that the immobilization of the soil is so strong that most of phosphorus was immobilized. The tree roots had the effect of inhibition on phosphate immobilization to a certain extent,Therefore, the phosphorus immobilized in rhizosphere was less than that in root zone and unroot zone. Organic acid had such effect too. Among them humic acid had the strongest effect on decreasing phosphate immobilization. The second was citric acid, and the third was tartaric acid. When the humic acid, citric acid and tartaric acid were added to soil at 2 5,5 0 and 5 0g穔g^-1 respectively, they can protect a lot of phosphorus from immobilization if the acid added to soil was more than 2 5 or 5 0 g穔g^-1, their influence would decrease gradually. So we should mix right amount of organic acid with fertiphos when they are applied in forest soil. It, therefore, was necessary to do so for rational application of fertiphos.

Effects of Boron on Forest Growth

Huang Yizong, Feng Zongwei, Wang Xiaoke

2002, (5):  26-29. 

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Boron is the essential microelement for tree growth. Besides growth, blooming, impregnation and seeding are also affected by boron deficiency. This paper discusses the effects of boron on forest growth, including the mechanism of boron, visual symptoms of boron deficiency and tree response to boron fertilizer, and provides scientific basis for boron fertilization in forest.

Molecular ecology of tropical and subtropical forests

Wang Bosun, Wang Zhengfeng, Zhang Junli, Li Mingguang, Zhang Weiyin

2002, (5):  30-39. 

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Along with more and more serious reductions of forest areas and biodiversity in tropical and subtropical forests,especially with the spring up of molecular ecology and the advance of this tool used in tropical and subtropical plant populations,the research of genetic structure and genetic diversity in the forests has been focused on in modern ecological topics.Molecular markers are of the utmost importance and efficiency to revealing the ecologically essential aspects,genetic structure,population genetic differentiation in processing communities,coevolution,speciation and the ecological efficiency of transgenic plants.Strengthening molecular marker utility in forest ecology is necessary and widely perspective on forest management and biodiversity conservation,whatever for the theory or applilation of ecology.

Management and Ecological Risk Assessment of Exotic Plants

Xiang Yanci, Peng Shaolin, Ren Hai, Zhou Houcheng

2002, (5):  40-48. 

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The invasion of exotic plants is a severe problem due to its tremendous damage and impact. The management and assessments of exotic plants are very important. The effective assessments include:①the properties related to establishment of exotic plant.② the factors which influence the spread of exotic plants;③ the impacts of exotic species. When evaluating exotic species, the three aspects should be integrated to assess exotic plants. Every guideline of assessment plays different role in assessment of different exotic species. At the same time, it is becoming increasingly important to predict which species will invade an area alien to them and to estimate what harm they can do. Three ways of predicting invasions of exotic species,should be conducted. Models may help us to evaluate the influence of exotic species. Managing exotic plants, especially the exthose with large distribution area, requires a coordinated strategy based on cooperation among all departments, which include forestry, agriculture, fishery, all land managers and so on. This strategy emphasizes on cooperation, education, and science, and is based on integrated management techniques. The management is divided into three steps. The first step is to effectively prevent new invasion, the second step is to control and eliminate exotic plants, in which mechanical methods, chemical means, and biocontrol technologies are used. Sometimes, the three ways are integrated in order to obtain better results. The third step is to effectively restore native vegetation and prevent reinvasion.

A review on landscape boundary studies

Chang Yu, Bu Rencang, Hu Yuan man

2002, (5):  49-53. 

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Landscape boundaries are the heterogeneous regions between different homogeneous landscapes at certain temporal and spatial scale. In this paper, the progress of research on landscape boundary was briefly reviewed. Research contents are mainly focused on the following aspects: ①Biodiversity, ②Response of landscape boundary to climatic change, ③Effects of disturbance on landscape boundary, ④ Functions of landscape boundary, ⑤ The relationships between landscape boundaries and abiotic factors, ⑥Indicators of landscape boundary, ⑦ Causes and determination of landscape boundary. In addition, more and more attentions have been paid to the research on riparian. By analyzing the current research status, the development trend of landscape boundary research was proposed, namely, the formation and maintenance mechanism of landscape boundary, its prediction and research on the boundary between surface water and ground water.

Research and Application of Soil Animals in Urban Ecosystem

Yang Dongqing, Gao Jun

2002, (5):  54-57. 

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As the important part of the urban ecosystem,soil animals have been used in researches of many problems caused by urbanization.This article introduced the application of soil animals in the researches of thermal island effect,land use change and environment inspection in the urban ecosystem,and briefly discussed the development trend in the future.

Concept and Criteria of Stabilty for Managed Ecosystem

Feng Yaozong

2002, (5):  58-60. 

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Issue of stability of managed ecosystem is extremely important in ecological research and sustainable development.For a long period of time,however,there is still few report either on the comprehensive concept of stability or on the criteria for assessing the stability of managed ecosystem.Based on experiments conducted for more than four decades in a managed ecosystem in South.Yunnan,China,with references to the recent progress in ecological research worldwide,the author put forward a proposal about the concept of stability managed ecosystem.That is "the integrated characteristics of the dynamic balance of the essential elements,such as the running efficiency,the resistance,the environmental changes,etc." This paper also deal with the three criteria of stability managed ecosystem,i.e.productivity,resistance and environmental dynamics,respectively.As well the practical methods for assessing these criteria are also described.

Advances of rescarch on ecosystem service

Yan Shuiyu, Wang Xiangrong

2002, (5):  61-68. 

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Based on reviews of papers about ecosystem services,the concept,contents,characters of ecosystem services and attachments,facing masks and developing conditions of ecosystem services research are discussed in this paper.

Field Margin's Function for Biodiversity: A Case Study on Carabids Beetles in Dongbeiwang, Beijing

Liu Yunhui, Yu Zhenrong, Liang Hongbin

2002, (5):  69-73. 

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In 2000,the species and diversity of carabids beetle were investigated by pitfall trap in 14 land-use treatments of Dongbeiwang agroecosystem in Beijing.The treatments included woodlots,field margins,wheat/corn fields and vegetable fields with different cultivation measures.Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the irragation,fertilization and straws have no effect on the diversity of carabid community;the number of species and individual number of carabid community in the woodlots,field margins were higher than these in the fields;the field margins had positive effect on the diversity and richness of carabid community in their adjacent field;moderation disturbance was beneficial for higher individual number of carabid community.It is concluded that field margin are necessary to maintain a diverse predatory carabid community in agroecosystem.

Soil Erosion and Ecological Reestablishmentin the Nianchu River Valley in Tabet

Qian Cheng

2002, (5):  74-77. 

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The Nianchu river valley is main source of grain production in Tibet.Soil erosion and a series of consequences have restricted the sustainable development of economy in the Nianchu river valley.On the basis of the present status,harm and factors of soil erosion in the Nianchu river valley ecological reestablishment methods on preventing and controllingsoil erosion are presented.

Landscape Ecological Characteristics and Ecoloical Construction of Loess Plateau

Li Tuansheng, Cheng Shuiying, Han Jingwei, Wang Hongmei

2002, (5):  78-80. 

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The Loess Plateau is a typical geographical unit with problems such as irrational land use, water loss and soil erosion, landscape fragmentation, and fragile ecological environment. Focusing on the green landscape construction, the local people should practice intensive farming, protect aggregated farm patches, increase green corridors and scatter natural patches in order to compensate and recover ecological function of the landscape.