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Table of Content

    10 August 2002, Volume 21 Issue 4
    Competition for Light and Crop Productivity in Agro-forestrial Systems in Hilly Red Soil Region-A Case Study of Choerospondias axillaris Intercopping with Arachis hypogaea
    Wang Xingxiang, Zhang Bin, Wang Mingzhu, Zhang Taolin, He Yuanqiu
    2002, (4):  1-5,11. 
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    An agro-forestrial intercopping field experiment on Choerospondias axillaris cropped with Arachis hypogaea was undertaken in Subtropical China,to study the effect of agro-forestrial intercopping on photosynthetically active radiation(PAR) and yield of crop.The results showed that there was a significant decline in PAR and A.hypogaea yield in agro-forestrial systems.Compared to sole A.hypogaea, A.hypogaea yield in equivalent area was decreased by 35.9% and 44.6% in 5 year old and 9-year-old Choerospondias axillaris agro-forestrial systems,respectively.In addition,there was a significant spatial variability of PAR and A.hypogaea yield in agro-forestrial systems,and they increased with distance from tree line.Moreover, A.hypogaea yield had a significant correlation to PAR,which indicated that competition for light is one of the key factors to decrease yield of A.hypogaea.
    Inhibition Effects of some Heavy Metal Ions on the Growth of Photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris
    Zhou Maohong, Zhao Xiaowei, Zhou Shimiao
    2002, (4):  6-11. 
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    A standard method for evaluating the toxicity of chemicals on hydrobios was applied.The results showed that 96 h linear doseresponse equations of inhibition of heavy ions Pb2+,Zn2+,Hg2+,Cu2+,Cd2+ and Cr(Ⅵ) for the growth of photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris were y=-2.9504x+13.234,R2=0.9906c(Pb2+ );y=-1.1866x+ 8.1605,R2=0.9827c(Zn2+ );y=1.4736x+3.9692,R2=0.9894c(Hg2+ );y=1.7267x+8.7004,R2=0.9655 c(Cu2+ ),y=1.1551x+8.9996,R2=0.9252 c(Cd2+ ) and y=1.3427x+10.785,R2=0.9758 c(Cr(Ⅵ),and their 96 h-EC50 were 617,460,0.200,2.172,25.66 and 392.6μmol·L-1,respectively.The toxic sequence of these metal ions from high to low on the growth of this strain was Hg2+ > Cu2+ > Cd2+ >Cr(Ⅵ)>Zn2+ > Pb2+.With orthogonal experiment of L8(26),another result showed that inhibition of compound pollution of Pb2+,Zn2+,Hg2+,Cu2+,Cd2+ and Cr(Ⅵ) on the growth of this strain showed cooperative effect.
    Population Analysis for Selenarctos thibelanus in the Minshan Mountains
    Lu Qingbin, Hu Jinchu
    2002, (4):  12-14. 
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    This paper reports the population and distribution of Selenarctos thibelanus in the Minshan mountains of Sichuan in 1998.Five surveyed counties (cities) occupy 40.1% of total area.The analysis indicates that the average density of Selenarctos thibelanus is 0.0214~0.0289km2,and the average number of Selenarctos thibelanus is estimated as 395 in the Minshan mountains.The distribution center of Selenarctos thibelanus is Qingchuan,Beichuan and southeast of Pingwu.The density gradually decreases from the center towards all directions.
    Relationship between the Daily Food Consumption,Cumulative Food Consumption and the Age of Microtus brandti
    Wan Xinrong, Liu Wei, Wang Guanghe, Wang Mengjun, Zhong Wenqin
    2002, (4):  15-17. 
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    It is rather difficult to measure the daily food consumption (DFC) and the cumulative food consumption (CFC) of rodent species with biological experiments.In order to overcome such problem,we tried to use the mathematical relationship between DFC and the age of M.brandti as well as the mass growth curve to get the mathematical relationship between the DFC and age of M.brandti.Further analysis is also presented to obtain the mathematical relationship between CFC and the age of M.brandti by definite integral method.Current analysis may provide basic information to estimate the economical threshold density of M.brandti.
    Grey Relational Analysis and Evaluation on Main Forest-Soil Fertility in Huzhou Region.
    Jiang Wenwei, Yu Yiwu, Jiang Peikun, Jiang Zhilin
    2002, (4):  18-21. 
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    Based on the grey relational analysis method,this paper analyzed the properties of soil physics,chemistry,soil fertility and litter in 6 types of forest soils in Huzhou region and arranged them in order according to the comprehensive advantage of many factors.The conclusion is made as follows:Broad-leaved forest soil>Cunninghamia lanceolata soil>Shrubbery soil>phyllostachys pubescens soil>coniferous-broadleaved mixed soil>Pinus massoniana soil.These results are consistent to the research for the regional forest resources and also supply scientific data for forest resource management.
    Quantitative Studies on the Climatic Ecology of Citrus L. in the Warm Gorge Sectors
    Luo Hong
    2002, (4):  22-25. 
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    Quantitative studies on the climatic ecology of Citrus L. are carried out in the warm gorge sectors in southwestern Hubei Province.The recurrence period of low-temperature freezing injury in the regions is estimated as at least every 25 year by the alternative method on simplified extreme value of Gumbel distribution.Fuzzy comprehensive judgement is used based on gray system theory and fuzzy mathematics.The paper points out that the superiority of the climate should be used effectively in the regions,and that a large-scale Citrus L. production base should be established,so that resource superiority can be transformed into economic superiority as soon as possible.
    Protective Effects of the Shrub-Belt along Tarim Desert Highway
    He Xingdong, Zhao Aiguo, Duan Zhenghu, Dong Zhibao, Li Zhigang, Chen Heng
    2002, (4):  26-30. 
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    Due to interference of vegetation by experiment in wind tunnel and observation in field,the boundary layer is divided into 2 sublayers approximately at the vegetation height.As for the vertical wind gradient,it changes disorderly in rough sublayer of the lower and changes regularly in inertial sublayer of the upper varying with vegetation characteristics.Erosion rate increases exponentially with vegetation coverage reduction.The establishment of shrub shelterbelt along Tarim Desert Highway made obvious effects not only on wind preventing and sand binding,but also on microclimate.Compared with mobile dune,air temperature is higher in summer and lower in autumn,while relative moisture is higher,and evaporation and soil temperature lower in the shrub shelterbelt.
    Summarization of Principles and Models for Semi-Quantitative Fertilization Without Soil Testing
    Hou Yanlin, Guo Zhe, Ren Jun
    2002, (4):  31-35. 
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    Soil testing is the precondition of quantitative fertilization.To test the contents of soil available nutrients needs investments,and there are many errors when converting the tested values into soil nutrient application.Therefore,it is very significant on theory and practice to study principles and models of the semi-quantitative fertilization under the condition of no soil testing.The research results showed that ecological balanced fertilization model can be used as a semi-quantitative fertilization model.It has many strongpoints,such as complete functions,plenty of information,less parameter variations,easy for obtaining parameters,and precise in calculation,etc.
    Advance in the Research of Home Range in Rodents
    Liu Wei, Zhong Wenqin, Wan Xinrong
    2002, (4):  36-40. 
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    Advance in the research of home range in rodents was summarized in three parts: ① the trend of techniques for observing and determining location of animals,② the arguments and questions in application of methods for estimating the area of home range, and ③ the dynamics and ecological functions of home range and its relationship to the ecological factors,such as the quality of habitat,reproductive rhythm,population density and social organization.
    Ecological Function of Biological Soil Crusts
    Wu Yuhuan, Gao Chien, Cheng Guodong
    2002, (4):  41-45. 
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    Biological soil crust exists in desertification-prone areas.This paper focuses on ecological function of biological soil crust,including water relations,soil stabilization,carbon and nitrogen fixation,albedo and effects on vascular plants.Some preliminary suggestions are given for further understanding the relationship between biological soil crust and revegetation of degraded ecosystem in desertification-prone areas in Northwestern China.
    Review on Bioreactor for Bioremediation of Organic Contaminated Soil
    Tao Ying, Zhou Jiti, Wang Jing, Yan Bin
    2002, (4):  46-51. 
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    Research and application of bioreactor for organic contaminated soil are reviewed in this paper,including technology and facilities of soil slurry reactor,immobilized soil reactor,rotary drum reactor,bio-fluidized bed,and anaeration -aeration bioreactor.It is pointed out that the combination of physical,chemical methods with bioreactor technology will be of great interest.
    Mechanisms and Efficiencies on Wastewater Treatment with Constructed Wetlands:A Review
    Xia Hanping
    2002, (4):  52-59. 
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    Studies on mechanisms and efficiencies of wastewater treatment with constructed wetland,mainly from developed countries,conducted mainly in the past 2 decades are reviewed.The mechanisms of wastewater treatment by wetlands are extremely complicated,including a series of physical,chemical,and bio chemical processes,such as special and non special adsorption,exchange,sedimentation,assimilation,decomposition,volatilization,and so on.There are lots of components,e.g.plants,soils,and microorganisms,in wetlands making contributions to water quality improvement.Of all plants in constructed wetlands, Phragmites communis is used most widely and frequently.But wetlands covered by this single species are inferior to those covered by many species including it and other plants with reference to removal efficiency of nutrients and pollutants.In order to consummate theories about constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment,and to further improve removal efficiencies of pollutants and wetland ecosystem health,the following research fields are suggested to consolidate or further conduct in the future:① deeper and more systemic research on mechanisms of wastewater purification by wetlands;② studies on sustainable development of constructed wetland;③ experimentation on the suitability of local and indigenous wetland macrophytes for removal of nutrients and heavy metals from different types of wastewater;④ exploration for better constructing,maintaining,and using measures to maximize the wastewater treatment efficiency;⑤ controlling disease vectors and animal pests,and preventing them from jeopardizing human health and lives;and ⑥ ascertaining reasons producing noxious and odorous gases and then trying to control them effectively.
    Significance of Ecological Ethics of Cultural Tradition in Deity Mountain Forests
    Zhou Hong, Zhao Deguang, L? Huihui
    2002, (4):  60-64. 
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    Cultural tradition of deity mountain forests is one of the cultural traditions of the ethnic groups in the mountainous regions of Yunnan.The local people whole-heartedly worship the geomantic forests,headwater forests,deity forests and great trees of their villages.This simple ecological ethics is of positive ecological significance for nature conservation.Additionally,this ethical conduct of ecology with such a background of cultural traditions has brought about their production methods and life style that conform to ecological ethics.At the same time,they have set village conventions and provisions to regulate their conducts and pass them on from generation to generation.In this paper,the authors elaborate on the significance of ecological ethics in the cultural tradition of deity mountain forests,which is based on survey of the cultural tradition and community of the Yi Mizhi forest (deity forest) in the areas of Stone Forest in Yunnan.The traditional cultures of other mountain nationalities are also taken account.
    Nutrition Distribution Pattern in Different Organs of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum(Royle) Ying and Its Ecological Significance
    Ma Shaobin, Yang Guiying, Zhao Nianxi
    2002, (4):  65-67. 
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    Nutrition contents including total sugar,protein and mineral elements in different organs of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Royle) Ying (Berberidaceae) have been analyzed.The result shows that main nutrition contents (especially phosphorus) are positively correlated with the importance of plant organs in sexual reproduction process.Therefore phosphorus can be used as a good index to calculate reproductive allocation and reproductive effort.The fact that root and rhizome contain more sugar than other organs indicates that root and rhizome have storage function.Higher sugar content in pericarp and placenta adapts to animal dispersal for seed and fruit.Nutrition distribution pattern in different organs reflects reproductive strategy and biochemical-ecological adaptation of the plant.
    Climate Condition Comparison Analysis on Guangdong and Brazil Zea mays Varieties
    Zhong Keyou, Liang Xiulan
    2002, (4):  68-70. 
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    This paper compared and analy ed the difference of climate conditions between Guangdong and main maize-production area in Brazil. Related advice is given on maize production arrangement according to seasonal climatic condition change.
    Comparison of Different Measurements Applied to Oasis-Desert Ecotone
    Zhang Linjing, Yue Ming, Zhao Guifang, Zhang Yuandong, Gu Fengxue, Pan Xiaoling
    2002, (4):  71-75. 
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    In this paper,plant niche breadth and niche overlap were analyzed on oasis-desert ecotone in Fukang of Xinjiang,with 7 measurements.The results reveal that:the methods for measuring niche breadth such as Simpson,Shannon-Wiener and Levins formula were all fit to plants on oasis-desert ecotone,while Simpson,Shannon Wiener were better than Levins; niche overlap formula of Levins,Wang-gang,Pianka were all suitable to reflect niche structure,But Wang-gang's method was more rational than the others.The minimal spanning tree and polar ordination proved it fully.
    Protective Forests in Japan
    Zhu Jiaojun, Jiang Fengqi, Matsuzaki Takeshi, Zeng Dehui
    2002, (4):  76-80,64. 
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    Based on the literature collection and field investigation,the development history,type,area and management of Japanese protective forests were introduced.The objective of this paper is to provide some references for the establishment and management of protective plantations in China.