Chinese Journal of Ecology

Spatial patterns of main species of the grassland community in the recovering succession in Horqin sandy land

ZHANG Jiyi, ZHAO Halin

2004, (2): 1-6.

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In this paper, spatial patterns of main species in grassland community in the recovering succession were measured with 7 indexes, such as dispersion index, clump index, mean crowding intensity, patchiness index, Green's index, the clump intensity index, the Chi-test for Poisson distribution and negative binomial distribution. Almost all of the spatial patterns of the main species of the grassland community in Horqin sandy land were clump. Clump distribution had the good advantage of promoting population invasion and inhabitation, promoting community formation and promoting vegetation restoration. In the process of community succession, the intensity of distribution pattern changed. This change could indicate population dynamics and pattern intensity which can be a measurement for spatial heterogeneity of community structure. The results of 7 measurements were the same, but the patchiness index, Green's index ,and the clump intensity index were more preferrable than the others.

Effect of different grazing time on vegetation in different paddocks of the rotational grazing pasture

LI Qinfen, HAN Guodong, AO Tegen, WEI Zhijun

2004, (2): 7-10.

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In this experiment, the effect of different grazing time but fixed length on vegetation in the different rotational grazing paddocks was studied. The result showed that the structure of the vegetation, grazed in early time, apt to be changed comparatively to that grazed in later time and the ungrazed paddocks. The use ratio of herbage was higher in the early grazed paddocks than that in the later grazed ones, but the productivity of the vegetation showed an opposite trend. In practice the grazing time should be flexible considering both the sustainable use of the vegetation and animal productivity.

Carbon fluxes from a non-cropping paddy field in the Lower Reaches of Liaohe Plain

XIE Yanbing, LIANG Wenju, WANG Yuesi, WANG Peng

2004, (2): 11-14.

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Carbon fluxes from a non-cropping paddy field in the Lower Reaches of Liaohe Plain were measured by a closed-chamber and gas chromatography-based system. The result showed that carbon fluxes were changed as temperature changed. The emission of CO₂ and N₂O from soil was significant during thawing. The soil of paddy field was the source of atmospheric CO₂ and N₂O during non-cropping season, and the soil as a sink or source of atmospheric CH₄ was not significant.

Castanopsis eyrei community characteristics in Gutianshan Natural Reserve, Zhejiang Province

HU Zhenghua, YU Mingjian, XU Xuehong\+ FU Hailong\+2

2004, (2): 15-18.

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Castanopsis eyrei forest was one of the main forest types in Gutianshan Nature Reserve. The study results showed that it was characterized by microphanerophytes and mesophanerophytes with microphylls and mesophylls, simple, unentire, leathery and herbaceous leaves. The Castanopsis eyrei community had a striking mone dominant character. The complicated vertical structure could be divided into tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer, as well as a definite number of interstratum plants. The species diversity index of the tree layer was a bit low, and the general trend was shrub layer > treelayer > herb layer.

Effects of inoculation rate on root colonization and nodulation in soybean rhizosphere by Sinorhizobium fredii HN01DL

LI Youguo, ZHOU Junchu

2004, (2): 19-21.

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The effects of different initial inoculate rate on the surface of soybean seed on root colonization dynamics and nodulation in soybean rhizosphere by Sinorhizobium fredii HN01DL in sterilized and non-sterilized soil pot microcosm were studied. The results showed that the root colonization dynamics and level at the very early stage were significantly different due to the three different inoculation rates. But the difference decreased gradually with the growth of host plant root system. The entire colonization dynamics curve and colonization density tended to change in the same direction. It was also found that there was no obvious influence on nodulation number and nodule occupancy by three different initial inoculation rates in the root system of host soybean Heinong 33 variety.

Intraspecific and interspecific competition in Castanopsis eyrei in Tiantai Mountain of Zhejiang Province

JIN Zexin, ZHU Xiaoyan, LIN Hengqing

2004, (2): 22-25.

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The intraspecific and interspecific competition intensity in Castanopsis eyrei in Tiantai Mountain of Zhejiang Province were quantitatively analyzed using Hegyi single tree competition index model. The results showed that the intraspecific competition intensity in C. eyrei decreased gradually with the increase of forest tree diameter class and the interspecific competition in C. eyrei were more intensive than those in associated tree species. The order of the intraspecific and interspecific competition intensity in C. eyrei was descending: C. eyrei, Schima superba, Pinus massoniana, Ilex wilsonii, Daphniphyllum oldhamii, Quercus glandulifera var. brevipetiolata and Castanopsis eyrei. The relationship of the competition intensity between the competitive tree and the objective tree and the individual size of objective tree obeyed power function rule and there was significanty negative correlation between the competition intensity and the individual size of objective tree. When the diameter at breast height of C. eyrei reached 30 cm, the competition intensity inconspicuously changed and suggested that this ecological system had been primarily in stable situation.

Physioecological characteristics of W. septentrionalis seedlings under various soil water conditions

ZENG Xiaoping, ZHAO Ping, CAI Xian, SUN Guchou, PENG Shaolin

2004, (2): 26-31.

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In this study, the physioecological characteristics of transplanted seedlings of W. septentrionalis, an endangered plant were compared under three defferent soil water conditions in Guangdong Province. The soil water contents (Sw) for plants growth were 20.1%, 14.3% and 13.2%, respectively.The net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (g_s), intrinsic water use efficiency (WUE=Pn/g_s), specific leaf area (SLA) and photosynthesis-light response curves of leaves were measured. Results showed that both Pn and g_s of plants increased with raising Sw. The daily average values of Pn and g_s were 8.55±4.32 and 81.57±8.41μmol·m^-2·s^-1 under the highest Sw condition, wich were 25.61% and 17.68% higher than that under the lowest Sw condition respectively. On the orther hand, WUE and SLA of plants tended to increase with reduction of Sw condition. The daily average values of WUE and SLA under the lowest Sw condition were 108·94±16.37μmol·mol^-1 and 96.61±23.82cm²·g^-1 ,which were 0.28% and 15.87% higher than that under the highest Sw condition, respectively. The variation ranges of WUE were smaller among different Sw. According to the photosynthesis-light response curves, there was an increase in the saturation point of the photosynthesis of W. septentrionalis with raising Sw. The results suggest that higher soil moisture was beneficial to growth of W. septentrionalis.

Effect of different C sources on the solubilization of rock phosphate by three phosphate solubilizing fungi (PSF)

WANG Guanghua, ZHOU Keqin, JIN Jian, PAN Xiangwen, ZHAO Ying

2004, (2): 32-36.

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Effect of different C sources (glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, starch and cellulose) on solubilization of rock phosphate by 3 phosphate solubilizing fungal strains was studied in liquid media. Strain P2.3 had the highest capacity to solubilize rock phosphate when supplied with glucose, and it also had the ability to use long chain Csources such as starch and cellulose to solubilize rock phosphate. However the strains P66 and P39 had the highest phosphate solubilization activities with fructose and maltose supply. But those strains used a little or no starch and cellulose to solubilize rock phosphate. The relationship among pH, titratable acidity values and soluble Pconcentration of the culture filtrate depended on the fungal strains. When inoculated with P2.3, the relationship among each other was very low. But when using P66 and P39, higher correlations appeared among each other. The experimental results showed that the ability differed in using different Csources to solubilize rock phosphate due to different kinds of organic acids produced by different phosphate solubilizing fungi.The rock phosphate solubilized by organic acids produced by different PSF was P66>P39>P2.3.

Tolerance to saltness and pH in tadpole Rana chensinensis

YANG Fuyi, SHAO Qingchun, LI Jinglin, CHEN Guoshuang

2004, (2): 37-40.

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Two experiment systems were designed. The results showed under the same water temperature 18.3～20.7 ℃ when pH6.8～7.0, the survival rate of tadpole for 96h was not affected from the salinity 2.0～3.0 g·L^-1, The survival rate of tadpole fell with the increate of the salinity. The salinity TL_m at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h were 8.79, 7.12, 5.64 and 3.83 g·L^-1, respectively. The safety concentration was 1.73 g·L^-1. When the salinity 0.18 g·L^-1, survival rate of tadpole for 96h is not affected from pH4.3～9.3, pH TL_m at 24, 48, 72 and 96h were 10.33, 10.18, 10.08 and 10.02. pH4.3～9.7 and the salinity 1.0～2.0 g·L^-1were all suitable in the survival and growth of tadpole Rana chensinensis.

Floristic analysis of plant community on the east slope of Jiuding Mountain in Sichuan Province

LIU Shoujiang, SU Zhixian, WU Yong

2004, (2): 41-44.

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According to field investigation data of plant community on the east slope of Jiuding Mountain in Sichuan, there are 485 species of seed plants that belong to 104 families and 345 genera in this region. It is comparatively rich in species. There are 15 genetic areal-types of seed plants in all. Based on the analysis of the flora, this paper discussed the major characteristics of the flora in the area. The temperate elements have 58.26% of total genera, 201 genera, indicating that the clear nature of temperate zone is the decisive factor of the floristic characteristics. Moreover, the north temperate zone genera 96, is dominant in this area. Tropical of elements have 105 genera, which account for 30.43% of total genera in this region. In addition, the seed plant flora is rich in endemic species,with 17 genera and 18 species endemic to China. At last, the flora is ancient in origin. The above results provide basis for species conservation and vegetation regionalization.

Characteristics of the soil seed bank at the fenced sandy meadow in Horqin Sandy Land

ZHAO Liya, LI Fengrui, ZHANG Hua, WANG Xianzhi

2004, (2): 45-49.

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The soil seed bank of the sandy meadow after 5 years enclosure of was studied. The results showed that the number of plant species was 38, among which, that of annuals and biennials,that of perennials and that of brushes was 24,9 and 5,respectively. The overall density of the soil seed bank was 13855?1651 grains穖^-2 ,among which, that of annuals and biennials was 96.58% of all the grains,87.20% was the annuol and biennial seeds of Artemisia scoparia,Chenopodium glaucum,Salsola collina,Setaria viridis and Eragrostis pilosa. Only 0.94% and 2.48% of the grains were those of perennials and brushes respectively. If divided into monocotyledoneae and dicotyledoneae, the number of seeds of the former accounted for 13.13% of that of total seeds while that of the later constituted 86.87%. The Leguminecae species comprised 2.83%. Regression indicated that the relationship between density of the soil seed bank and that of associated vegetation could be described by a cubic curve. The fenced sandy meadow vegetation would be in the stage of mixture of A. scoparia. et and forbs.

Effect of alkaloid from Artemisia sieversiana flower on the apparatus division of rhizome knot of Leymus chinensis

LI Xinyu, PIAO Shunji, TANG Haiping, WU Meihua

2004, (2): 50-54.

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Rhizome knots of Leymus chinensis were cultured in 4 different concentration solutions of alkaloid from the flowers of Artemsia sieversiana and under a control condition. Cell division and apparatus development on the rhizome were observed with microscope. Allelopathic effect of A. sieversiana on development of L. chinensis was studied . The results showed that:compared to control, the extracts at 1% had weak effects on the germination numbers of roots and germination from pith ray, while the extracts at 5% or 10% could stimulate their germination. However , with the concentration increase, it restricted their germination.The extract had weak effects on the germination of the bud. Compared to control , the number of bud germination at 1%, 5%, 10% and 20% concentration had no obvious difference.

Current situations and trend of investigations on urban forest in China

LI Haimei, HE Xingyuan, CHEN Wei, XU Wenduo

2004, (2): 55-59.

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The development of industry and increase of population result in the deterioration of urban environment, and more attention has been paid to the quality of living conditions. Urban forest, which is an effective way in improving the urban environment, has been extensively studied. In order to promote investigations on urban forest, this paper demonstrates the concept, characteristics, classification and scope of urban forest, and introduces current situations on urban forest investigation, existing problems and trend of development in our country from the aspects of research method, structure, function, maintenance and management of urban forest.

Development and application of the theory of space and equilibrium in landscape ecology

LI Xiaoyu, XIAO Duning

2004, (2): 60-65.

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Space has long been ignored, till the last two decades. The way in which the roles of space and spatial heterogeneity in ecological dynamics were viewed has been shifted, and the importance of spatial pattern has been emphasized. Through the explicit consideration of space and spatial pattern it has been showed that spatial heterogeneity may act either to stabilize or destabilize ecological systems and processes. This paper reviewed these two changes in the way ecological systems were conceptualized and explored how they were inter-related. Advances in our understanding of the role of space and the nature of equilibrium in landscapes were discussed within the context of both modeling and empirical studies.

Predation risk and its impact on animal foraging behavior

LU Jiqi, ZHANG Zhibin

2004, (2): 66-72.

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As the most commonly seen and normal behavior, foraging behavior is necessary to existence and reproduction of all animals. Members within an ecosystem was an entity which was connected throughtrophic relationship,i.e. food chain (web). The predation-prey relationship was ubiquitous among biological realm. Every living thing maybe become prey of predators while foraging. The influence of predation covered almost the whole animal behavioral decision-making ways. The risk of any animal being preyed was the foundation of various behavioral decision-making in a ecological time. Prey animals, located in middle trophic level, must not only search food to meet their survival need, but also cope with predation risk caused by predators around them. In other words, prey animals need to trade off between cost and benefit in the course of their foraging. Only by doing so can they attain optimal foraging efficiency. The implication of predation risk and its influences on animal foraging behavior and the response of prey to predators were introduced in this paper. Besides, there are some issues, which were deficient in the past works,should be pay more attention on in the research future.

Factors influencing soil surface CO₂ flux in Karst area Ⅱ.Mechanism

XU Hai, PIAO Hechun

2004, (2): 73-75.

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The highest and lowest soil surface CO₂ flux occurs in summer and winter, respectively, in the Guizhou Karst areas.The primary factors that influence soil surface CO₂ flux are temperature and soil moisture. The latter plays a more significant role when temperature is above 20 ℃. Temperature and soil moisture influence the soil surface CO₂ flux by hot-cold cycles and moist-dry cycles under which soil microbial biomass carbon and soil soluble organic carbon can be transformed into soil surface CO₂.

Piscivorous bats and their specialization in morphology and behavior

MA Jie, LIANG Bing, ZHANG Shuyi, SHEN Junxian

2004, (2): 76-79.

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The rare piscivorous bats were introduced in this paper. Some references have been reviewed about these species and the distribution, the morphological characteristics, echolocation calls and foraging behaviors of the fish-catching bats. According to their morphology and echolocation sounds, the fish-eating bats should be originated from some bat species trawling for food on water surface. The differences between morphology and echolocation contributed to the evolution of fishing behavior. But the basal force comes from the feeding niche.

Reviewing the controversial reports of ecological safety of transgenic corn published in 《Nature》

CHEN Mao, YE Gongyin, HU Cui

2004, (2): 80-85.

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Two controversial events, pubulished in《Nature》, on the ecological safety of transgenic corn, had raised extensive controversies around the world in recent years. One was the controversy of monarch butterfly Danaus plexippus caused by Losey's et al. in 1999, and the other was transgenic DNA introgressed into traditional corn landraces in Mexico caused by Quist et al. in 2001.Also, more meticulous and rigorous studies done by different researchers on the two events were comprehensively reviewed. The results showed that there were no proper control, specific dosage of tested pollen and concentration of toxin in Losey's et al., while for Quist et al., they confused the amplifications of reverse PCR of landraces K1, A3 in Mexico with adh1 gene in commercial transgenic corn caused by their incorrect reverse PCRprimers. As a result, there were some faults in experiment designs of the two controversial events.

Recent advances and issues on the endophyte

WEN Caiyi, WU Yuanhua, TIAN Xiuling

2004, (2): 86-91.

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Endophyte is a microorganism community with abundant biodiversity. Their existence and effect on the host plant have been ignored for they have been living in the healthy plant tissues without causing any diagnostic and co-evolvement in their hosts. With the study on the endophytic populations broadened and deepened, it has become one of the most popular research topics, because of its ecological and physiological functions and the great application potentiality in the fields of agriculture and medicine as biocontrol agents and outer gene bearer. In this paper, general situation and recent advances on the endophyte study have been summarized with comments on some issues for the last ten years.

Interactions between cadmium and phosphorus, zinc, iron, calcium and their ecological effects

HUANG Yizong

2004, (2): 92-97.

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Cadmium is one of the most toxic heavy metals and is not an essential nutrient element for plant, animal and human being. There are mutual impacts between cadmium and many nutrient elements. The uptake of nutrient elements will be inhibited by cadmium contamination. On the contrary, adding appropriate nutrient elements will lower the toxicity of cadmium. Due to different character and function for each element, interactions between elements and cadmium express the otherness. Research for mutual impacts between cadmium and elements will provide scientific foundation for prevention of cadmium contamination.

Phosphorus release and affecting factors in the sediments of eutrophic water

HAN Shasha, WEN Tanmao

2004, (2): 98-101.

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In this paper, chemical forms, release rules and their affecting factors of phosphorus in the sediments of eutrophic water were discussed. There are 7 forms including P_sol,P_Al,P_Fe,P_Ca,deoxidized soluble P,P_o-p and P_org . Anaerobic, higher pH or lower pH value, higher temperature, mixing, bioturbation, higher Pconcentration gradient and calcareous sediments composition conditions would improve the release of phosphorus.

Effect of artificial interference on plant diversity in urban area

WANG Yinggang, LI Jianmei, LI Shulan, AN Shijie

2004, (2): 102-104.

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The artificial interference resulting in decrease of plant diversity is a widespread phenomenon, which is more obvious in densely populated urban area. Decrease of plant diversity directly influences the structure, function and stability of ecosystem. Taking an example of Taiyuan area Shanxi Province, the effect of artificial interference on plant habitat, plant diversity and plant growth in urban area was analyzed in this paper. The relationship between plant diversity and artificial interference intensity in urban area was established, which provided referential basis for the protection of plant diversity in urban area. In the meantime, further study on the relationship between plant diversity and artificial interference in urban area for the future was put forward.

A review on today's gaia hypothesis research

SHEN Qi

2004, (2): 105-108.

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The Gaia hypothesis can be divided into several sub-hypothesis :‘Influential' ,‘Co-evolutionary',‘Geophysiological',‘Optimizing',‘Homeostatic' and ‘Natural Selected'. This review focuses on these debates. It points out that we should pay more attention to the positive feedback under today's environments. It also pointes out that the hypothesis is not consistent with the Natural Selection Theory in some aspects. At last the future of Gaia hypothesis is discussed. We human beings should make the Gaia healthier for ourselves, for our offspring and for other organism friends.

On the characteristic, type and evaluatin system of ecological tourism resource

YUAN Shuqi

2004, (2): 109-113.

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Ecological tourism has been becoming one of the developing direction of world tourism . The research on the essence issues of ecological tourism resource in our country is still weak. Based on the action of our country's tourism resource classification and evaluation, the establishment of the new national standard and the abundant experience of long-term practice research,the author put forward the characteristic, classification and evaluation system of ecologyical tourism resource put forward . The essence issues have special significance to western China whose ecological environment is relatively weak in our country.

A review on soil seed banks study

ZHANG Ling, LI Guanghe, ZHANG Xu

2004, (2): 114-120.

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Areserve of viable, ungerminated seeds in a habitat is called a seed bank. Effects of seed banks on populations of species and persistence of communities are important. The research on soil seed banks is an important subject in plant ecology. This paper reviewed the formation of soil seed banks, methodology of soil seed banks studies, aspects and signification of the studies on soil seed banks.

Exotic invasion and species diversity

HUANG Hongjuan, YE Wanhui

2004, (2): 121-126.

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The relationship between species diversity and biological invasion has become a debate in invasion ecology in recent years. It was widely accepted that richer community was less invasible than poor ones since Elton's classic hypothesis was proposed in 1958. There were some theoretical models and experimental manipulations of diversity to support this view as well. However, more and more field investigations and experiments began to question this classic view,with some new viewpoints introduced . Some important research on the relationship between species diversity and biological invasion after Elton's hypothesis has been reviewed in this paper.

Research progress in agroforestry systems

ZHAO Xingzheng, LU Jianbo

2004, (2): 127-132.

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In this paper, the research progress in agroforestry systems was summarized. The concept of agroforestry and its background, the process of development and the main research fields of agroforestry were introduced. The review was based on such aspects as the structure and classification, microclimate, benefit evaluation and so on. The microclimate was emphasized on water, temperature, radialization, solar radiation and comfortableness, and the interaction among the partitions was introduced .Then the existing problems in agroforestry development were pointed out such as the shortness of types, the fact that the theory research cannot keep up with the production, etc. The development prospects and advices were finally brought forward.

Landscape pattern change and its influence in the forest of northern Daxinganling Mountanins

DUAN Chunxia, HU Yuanman, LI Yuehui, BU Rencang, CHANG Yu, GUO Dufa

2004, (2): 133-135.

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The occurance of disturbance directly influences the change of landscape pattern. Human disturbance influences the changing rate and direction. With the increase of the population and the economical development, the human disturbance plays a more and more important role in landscape change. The forest landscape change also affect the activity of human beings contrarily. We analysed the landscape pattern change in the study area using a set of landscape indices. The results showed that human disturbance caused the increase of landscape diversity and decrease of forest dominance in Daxinganling forest landscape. The landscape had a fragmentation trend. Pattern change influences the environment and migration of the population. To maintain the sustainable development of the forest, rational human activity must be emphasized.

A preliminary study on soil microorganisms in different Karst ecosystems of Southwestern China

LI Wei, YU Longjiang, YUAN Daoxian, XU Huibi

2004, (2): 136-140.

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To find the concrete role of microbes in the Karst processes, it is necessary to investigate the ecological distribution and characteristics of soil microorganisms in Karst areas. The number of microorganisms of soil samples collected from 4 different Karst areas of Southwest China, Jinfu mountain of Chongqing,Misuga of Liu Panshui, Nongla of Guangxi and the Yaji Karst Experimental Station of Guilin, were determined in this paper. The comparative analysis showed that the number and composition of soil microorganisms correlated highly with characteristics of Karst ecosystems featured by their different landscape and vegetation. The predominant bacteria in soil samples from Nongla of Guangxi and the Karst Experimental Station were analyzed and pre-identified as well. The predominant amount of Azotobacteraceae colonies showed that the soil fertility of both the two Karst ecosystems was improving.

Comparative studi es on fertilizing effects of fen manure and fertilizer on chinese cabbage and cauliflower

LIANG Chengfu, CHEN Zhengfa, PENG Tingbo, CHEN Huiping, LI Wenxiang

2004, (2): 141-145.

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Under three fertilizing standards including high quantity, medium quantity and low quantity, fertilizing effects of fen manure and fertilizer on chinese cabbage and cauliflower were studied .The results showed that low quantity fen manure could make chinese cabbage more higher than any other treatments, but high quantity fen manure treatment, cauliflower plant more higher; low quantity fen manure could promote chinese cabbage and cauliflower's leaves unfold mostly; medium quantity fen manure could enhance net weights of individual ball or ball-flower of chinese cabbage and cauliflower; medium quantity fen manure can enhance net vegetable rate of chinese cabbage mostly, but high fen manure treatment for cauliflower; for two types of vegetables, yields of fertilizing fen manure were higher than fertilizing fertilizer apparently; low quantity fen manure can make total sugar content in chinese cabbage more bigger ,but medium quantity fen manure treatment for cauliflower; Vc contents in two types of vegetables by high quantity fen manure treatment were bigger than any other treatments; in terms of prevention and cure effects on frost mildew of two types of vegetables, medium quantity fen manure treatment was best; after fertilizing fen manure, physical and chemical characters of soil were improved and total nutrition elements contents which were absorbed by chinese cabbage and cauliflower were enhanced.

DNA analysis technology and its application in plant research

ZOU Chunjing, HAN Wenqing, SHENG Xiaofeng, XU Wenduo

2004, (2): 146-151.

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This paper described the application of DNA analysis technology in botanical research in detail from the following six aspects: DNA/DNA hybridization, restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, DNArestriction mapping and nucleotide acid sequence analysis, polymerase chain reaction technology, DNA fingerprinting analysis, and Random amplified polymorphlic DNA analysis. The relationship between DNA analysis technology and plant systematics was also discussed in this paper.

Primary appli cations of quantitative remote sensing in ecological research

WANG Junbang, NIU Zheng, HU Binmin, WANG Changyao, WANG Zhengquan

2004, (2): 152-157.

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Remote sensing is widely applied in ecological research. The combination of remote sensing and ecology is very important in solving environment problems and for their development. Many scientists have discussed the application of remote sensing in ecology. In this paper,the function of remote sensing for ecological research is introduced:①vegetation classification;②land surface and environment parameter retrieval;③vegetation parameter retrieval; ④ application in ecosystem carbon cycle.

Ecosystem features and some society development problems in the valley plain of Dabie Mountain

SHEN Xiansheng

2004, (2): 158-160.

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By analyzing the composition and function of the ecosystems in the valley plain of Dabie Mountain, developmental problems, such as soil erosion, environmental pollution, farmland waste and monotonous biodiversity had discussed. The author suggests that it is essential to migrate out part of the population, to develop modern organic agriculture, and to run a synthetic agriculture depending on science and technology, for realiing the sustainable development of the valley plain in the Dabie Mountain.

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