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中文
Table of Content
10 June 2004, Volume 23 Issue 03
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Photosynthetic ecophysiological characteristics of
Lithocarpus harlandii
in Tiantai Mountain of Zhejiang Province,China
KE Shisheng, JIN Zexin, LIN Hengqin, ZHANG Wenbiao
2004, (3): 1-5.
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The photosynthetic ecophysiological characteristics of
Lithocarpus harlandii
at the three habitats,i.e,canopy gap,forest edge and understory,was studied.In clear days,the curves of diurnal variations of net photosynthetic rates (P
n
) of
L.harlandii
had two peaks at canopy gap and forest edge in Jun.,Aug. or Nov.,while the curves had one peak in Feb.In Aug,
L.harlandii
had the highest P
n
in a year because of mature leaves,high chlorophyll contents,strong nitrate reductase activity,superior water and heat environment,and strong light.
L.harlandii
had the lowest light compensation points (LCPs) and the highest light saturation points (LSPs) in Aug. than in other months.
L.harlandii
had lower LCPs,higher LSPs,and wider ecological ranges of photo-adaptability. The higher P
n
of
L.harlandii
than its accompanying species indicated that higher photosynthetic capacity mad it in a favourable position to get dominating status for occupying the community space.
Characteristics of gap in subalpine coniferous forest in western Sichuan
XIAN Junren, HU Tingxing, WANG Kaiyun, ZHANG Yuanbin
2004, (3): 6-10.
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In order to explore the characteristics of gap disturbance in subalpine primary coniferous forests in western Sichuan Province,the gaps in the primary coniferous forest at Dawodang in Wanglang Nature Reserve were surveyed and analyzed according to the quantity,size,type and factors of gap formation,the type,number,species composition of gap maker (GM).The results showed that most gap makers died due to their aging and the descending capabilities of counteracting disadvantageous surroundings.The most popular manner of gap formation in the forest was breakage at the base of gap makers (51.23% of the total).The second was breakage on trunk (20.37%).Almost half of the gaps were formed by one tree(46.99% of the total), with an average of 1.95 trees per gap.The size of most expanded gaps was in the range of 100～300 m
2
,the gaps of 100～200 m
2
occupied the highest percentage in number (26.51% of the total),while those of 300～400 m
2
occupied the highest percentage in size (22.64% of the total).The size of most canopy gaps was under 200 m
2
,the gaps of 50～100 m
2
occupied the highest percentage in number and size (32.53% and 17.72% of the total).The average areas of canopy gap and expanded gap were 71.68 m
2
and 154.14 m
2
,respectively.
Forest landscape spatial patterns of forest-steppe ecotone in northern Hebei Province and eastern Inner Mongolia in China
WANG Qingsuo
2004, (3): 11-15.
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There are forest landscapes such as
Betula platyphylla,Populus davidiana,Picea mongolica,Quercus mongolica and Ulmus pumila
within the forest-steppe ecotone in northern Hebei Province and eastern Inner Mongolia in China.The number of forest patches in forest-meadow region is more than that in forest zone and in meadow -steppe region.From forest zone to the ecotone,forest patch size decreases while forest fragmentation increases.Forest landscapes of forest-steppe ecotone are resulted from global climatic change,landforms,fire and human activities.
Community characteristics of the grassland in the Bird Island of the Qinghai Lake
WANG Shunzhong, CHEN Guichen, ZHOU Guoying, HAN Youji, SUN Jing
2004, (3): 16-19.
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The zone of the communities of the grassland in the Bird island of the Qinghai Lake were selected.Total 180 plots were investigated by sampling method.Based on the plot data,the community characteristics were analyzed with species composition,flora feature,and so on.The species composition of the community was simple.There were 63 species,grouped into 43 genus and 19 families.The genus of The North Temperate was absolutely dominate.The species diversity index was different horizontaly and vertically.Plant species diversity was the lowest in the middle of height.Species diversity of plant community increased from shore to high land.In the grassland of the Bird island,there were four functional groups:grasses,legumes,nonlegumious forbs and shrubs.The correlation of the diversity,the evenness and the richness between the species level and the function level was 0.279,0.436, and 0.019.There was an apparent difference between the functional group community diversity and the species community diversity.
Radiation (PAR) scope of indoor grouth of
Soleirolia soleirolii
YUE Hua
2004, (3): 20-23.
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The studies on the photosynthetic characters and growth of Baby's Tears in response to photosynthesis active radiation (PAR) were conducted indoors. The optimum PAR for the growth of
S. soleirolii
were investigated in the study. The experiment sites were selected to represent the patterns of light intensities in the rooms. The room temperature was in the arrange of 15～25℃ and 33%～69% was for the relative humidity. After 40 days cultivation, the photosynthetic characters of
S. soleirolii
plants in response to different PAR were measured with a LI-6400 apparatus. The light compensation point, light saturation point, and the maximum net photosynthesis rate were calculated. The increments in branch length and leaf quantity were also measured in all the experiment sites. The results showed that the PAR scope for the growth of
S. soleirolii
was >8.5μmol·m
-2
·s
-1
～<299.0μmol·m
-2
·s
-1
(425～14950 lx).
Compensatory effects of re-watering on summer maize threatened by water stress at seedling period
LIU Gengshan, GUO Anhong, REN Sanxue, AN Shunqing, ZHAO Huarong
2004, (3): 24-29.
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Based on the theory of crop Regulated Deficit Irrigation (RDI), field experiments on compensatory effects of re-watering at jointing stage for summer maize threatened by water stress at seedling period were carried out.The results showed that re-watering can increase the stomatal conductance, photosynthesis rate, and WUE (P
n
/T
r
).The compensatory effect was evident.Two days after re-watering, the stomatal conductance and photosynthesis rate recorered to the level of CK.Sometimes in the morning and the whole afternoon, the "over-compensatory " effect under re-watering treatment was significant.In addition, the plant height, leaf area, shoot and root biomass of summer maize can improve to the plant growth status under well irrigation treatment.Thus, the yield and yield factors were close to the CK.The WUE (Y/ET) was improved to 24.7% significantly.It provided a theoretical reference for water management and improving water use efficiency of summer maize, and also provided a simple irrigation method that can be operated by farmers easily.
Quality comparison between Tibetan wheat cultivars and introductive cultivars in Lasa
CAO Guangcai, QIANG Xiaolin, WU Dongbing, CHEN HEqin, HOU Libai, DONG Mei
2004, (3): 30-33.
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In order to provide basis for utilization of cultivars in the production of Tibetan good quality wheat,7 Tibetan spring wheat cultivars and 4 introductive cultivars were employed for spring-sown experiments in Lasa from 1998 to 2000,while 2 Tibetan winter wheat cultivars and 3 introductive cultivars were tested for autumn-sown experiments from 1998 to 2001.The results showed that protein content,wet gluten content and sedimentation value for the Tibetan cultivars were significantly lower than those for introductive cultivars.Tibetan cultivars belong to weak gluten wheat.The ways of utilization of cultivars for Tibetan good quality and special wheat were as following:strengthening ecological breeding for the middle gluten wheat,and introducing inland strong gluten cultivars.
Effect of elevated atmospheric CO
2
on soil nematode communities in a paddy-field
LI Qi, JIANG Yong, LIANG Wenju, ZHU Jianguo
2004, (3): 34-38.
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The effect of free-air CO
2
enrichment (FACE) on soil nematode communities in a paddy-field ecosystem was conducted.27 families and 40 genera were observed in the nematode suspensions.The total numbers of nematodes,bacterivores,plant-parasites and omnivores-predators exhibited an increasing trend at the rice jointing stage.The numbers of fungivores were lower in the FACE plots than in the ambient plots at the jointing and earing stages.At the ripening stage,the numbers of omnivores-predators exhibited a decreasing trend.Two genera
(Hirschmanniella,Boleodorus)
of plant-parasites were sensitive to the elevated atmospheric CO
2
.
Effect of soil and meteorologic condition on the content of medlar ashes
ZHANG Xiaoyu, LIU Jing, YUAN Haiyan
2004, (3): 39-43.
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Based on the data of medlar samples from 6 Provinces in northern China and data of field experiments from 2000 to 2001,soil and meteorologic condition factors associated to the content of medlar ashes(CMA)were analyzed,and relevant models were established.The results showed that coefficient of variation (Cv) of CMA was about 15%.CMA mainly determined by medlar's variety,while environmental factors also played an important role.Those environmental factors include mean relative air humidity and diurnal range of mean air temperature from fruit developing stage of medlar, precipitation days during flowering to autumn,and total Kin soil.According to statistical results,relative air humidity during fruit development was the main factor influncing CMA.CMA increasing exponentially with the increase of relative air humidity.Precipitation days during flowering to Autumn was the key factor for CMA.It increased as logarithm actually with precipitation days.
Effect of slow-releasing nitrogen fertilizers on CH
4
and N
2
O emission in maize and rice fields in black earth soil
LIANG Wei, ZHANG Ying, YUE Jin, WU Jie, SHI Yi, HUANG Guohong
2004, (3): 44-48.
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Field experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of slow-releasing ammonium bicarbonate and slow-releasing urea on N
2
O and CH
4
emission in maize and rice fields.The results showed that the application of slow-releasing ammonium bicarbonate and slow-releasing urea could significantly reduce N
2
O emission in maize field by 59.2% and by 73.3% in rice field,respectively,compared with that of urea.These two N fertilizers could also enhance the uptake of CH
4
in maize fields.N
2
O emission in rice fields was depressed by 61% in the treatment of slow-releasing urea,whereas CH
4
emission had a slightly enhancement.
Economic value of agroecosystem service in typical wind-erosion region of transition zone between agriculture and pasture
HE Wenqing, CHEN Yuanquan, GAO Wangsheng, YIN Cunbao
2004, (3): 49-53.
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The economic evaluation on ecosystem services has become a frontier of ecological studies.The concept and economic values of ecosystem services have been thoroughly discussed over the past decade, mostly on natural ecosystems and less on agroecosystems.In this paper,the agroecosystem services and their economic value were estimated in wind-erosion region near the northern foot of Yinshan mountain in Inner Mongolia.The results showed that the total economic value in RMB of agroecosystem services in this area was about 465.45 billion yuan.In this amount,estimations for production service amounted to 0.06%,for soil protection to 9.7%,for water holding capacity to 0.09%,for climate regulation to 0.84% and for nutrient recycle to 89.27%.
Effect of meteorological factors in self-controlled greenhouse on the number of leaves and fruits growth for pimiento
LI Jun, YANG Qiuzhen
2004, (3): 54-57.
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Based on the observed pimiento and meteorological data in the same period in self-controlled greenhouse, the model were simulated by mathematical statistical method for pimiento on number of leaves and growth and weight of fruit.The number of leaves for pimiento agreed with the model of plant growth. The key meteorological factors were effective cumulative day average temperature from 13℃ to 22℃ before tip cutting, 13～25℃ after tip cutting.The meteorological factors affecting the growth speed of the fruit were effective cumulative average day temperature from 16℃ to 23℃, sunlight, daily temperature range, and concentration of CO
2
The growth speed of the fruit follows the logarithm rule.The length of fruit growing period and fruit weight depend on effective cumulative day average temperature from 14℃ to 23℃, sunlight, daily temperature range, and concentration of CO
2
.The meteorological factors for abortive fallen fruit were sunlight less than1.5×10
4
1x 2d before flower and 3d after flower, daily temperature range less than 6.5℃ 3～12d after flower and relative humidity higher than 82% 3～18d after flower.
Niche analysis of diatoms in Fenhe river and Fenhe reservoir
WANG Cuihong, ZHANG Jintun
2004, (3): 58-62.
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The niche breadths and overlaps of 50 main diatoms species in the Fenhe river and Fenhe reservoir were measured using the formulas proposed by Levins and Petraitis,and the relationships between niche breadth and niche overlaps were discussed in this paper.The results showed that the niche breadths of Navicula atom,
Cyclotella ocellata,Cymbella prostrate,Nitzschia apiculata,Navicula exigua,Achnanthes linearis
, and
Navicla arvensis
in attached diatoms and the
Cyclotellastelligera,C.glomerata
,and
C.ocellale
in planktonic diatoms were greater,which was related with their own characteristics and the capability of adaptation to the environment.The niche overlaps among the species with the same or similar environment requirements were greater,while those between the species with broad niche breadth and other species were much greater.In Fenhe river,the aggression of
Diatoma vulgare
was the strongest,while in the reservoir ,the aggression of
Achnanthes biasolettiana
was the strongest.
Analysis on nitrogen pollution and eutrophication of the large and medium reservoirs for water supply in Guangdong Province
XU Ning, DUAN Shunshan, LIN Qiuqi, HU Ren, HAN Boping
2004, (3): 63-67.
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Investigation and monitoring on nitrogen pollution and eutrophication status of the large and medium reservoirs for water supply in Guangdong Province were carried out in flood season and dry season of 2000.Water temperature,DO,pH,chlorophyll a,COD
Mn
,turbidity,TN,TP,NO
3
-N,NH
3
-N,NO
2
-N and PO
4
-P were determined synchronized with phytoplankton.The study revealed that the water quality of the reservoirs was still generally good.Among the 20 reservoirs,70% of them were situated in oligotrophic to medium trophic status,and 30% of them showed eutrophic features.The concentration of TN was generally higher,and nitrogen pollution was one of the important factors involved in eutrophication.TN and DIN fluctuated with the area as a result of the difference in character and environmental status.Seasonal dissimilarity existed too.Statistical analysis revealed that the concentrations of TN and DIN were positively related to chlorophyll a in dry season.However the relationship was not obvious in flooding season.As the primary composition of DINin water body,NO
3
-N accounted for 72.6% of DINon the average.The concentration of NH
3
-N was obviously lower than that of NO
3
-N which constituted 25.5% of DIN on the average.The concentration of NO
2
-N was relatively low.The concentration of TN,DINand organic nitrogen were important targets used to distinguish the trophic status of the reservoirs.And the percentage of NO
3
-N and NH
3
-N among DIN was important basis used to estimate the source of the pollution.
Genetic diversity analysis of
Frankia
strains in nodules of three
Alnus
species from Changbai Mountain by REP fingerprinting
TANG Xiaomeng, DAI Yumei, XIONG Zhi, CAO Jun
2004, (3): 68-71.
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The genetic diversity of the
Frankia
strains in the nodules of
Alnus tinctoria
,
A.mandshurica
and
A.sibirica
growing at different altitude in Changbai Mountain was studied by REP-PCR fingerprinting.The REP-PCR fingerprint patterns revealed that uncultured
Frankia
strains tested had a high genetic diversity.Host and altitude factors influenced the genetic diversity.
Frankia
strains from
A.mandshurica
showed greater specialization toward the host,and
Frankia
stains from
A.sibirica
and
A.tinctoria
had a closer affinity.The
Frankia
stains from the same alder distributing at different altitude belonged to different REP patterns,and the
Frankia
stains from
A.sibirica
and
A.tinctoria
at the same altitude showed promiscuity.
Preliminary exploration on ecological control of main soybean root disease and pest
WANG Shouyu, HAN Xiaozeng
2004, (3): 72-75.
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The prevention and cure effect of ecological control on soybean disease and pest was studied with plot test.The results showed that the available ecological measurement for root maggot and root rot disease was seeding with proper period and bio-diversity,changing the host stubble in soil, and appliying much more organic manure.That for cyst was seeding with proper period and bio-diversity.
Preliminary study of nitro-organic pollutants in selected municipal sludges of China
CAI Quanying, MO Cehui, LAI Kunrong, ZENG Qiaoyun, WU Qitang, WANG Boguang, LI Haiqin
2004, (3): 76-80.
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Organic pollutants such as nitro-organic compounds in sewages sludges are important factor limiting application of sludge to agricultural land.Six nitro-organic compounds classified as US EPA priority pollutants in eleven municipal sludges from elected cities of China were determined by GC/MS.Total contents of nitro-organic compounds in all sludges ranged from 0.087 mg穔g
-1
to 26.438 mg穔g
-1
,decreasing in the order of Lanzhou>Beijing>Wuxi>Dapu>Shatian>Foshan>Guangzhou>Yuanlang>Zhuhai>Xi'an>Shenzhen.Concentrations and distribution patterns of compounds in different sludges were significantly various,with higher nitrobenzenes and lower anilines respectively.Higher concentrations for most compounds were detected in Lanzhou sludge,following by Wuxi sludge,Beijing sludge and Dapu sludge.Compounds detected in different municipal sludges and their concentration were related to the sources of wastewater,wastewater-treating methods,sludge type,physical-chemical properties of compound themselves,etc.
Nestedness pattern of insular community assemblages and its applications
CHEN Shuihua, WANG Yujun
2004, (3): 81-87.
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Many studies showed that most species present on small islands also occurred on larger,more species-rich islands. Such a nonrandom distribution pattern was termed a "nestedness pattern". Nestedness has important implications for biological conservation,and it was thought as the focal principle in the SLOSS (single large or several small)debate in conservation biology other than the species-area relationship. Nevertheless,with further studies,especially with further insight of nestedness,various views,models and hypothesis had been put forward,concerning its implications,causalities,methodology and sensitivities. In this paper,the concept of nestedness,study methods,its implications for biological conservation,and existing disagreements among them were reviewed.
Characteristics and development of urban forest in China
WANG Cheng, PENG Zhenhua, TAO Kanghua
2004, (3): 88-92.
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Urban forest was a kind of forest type closely connected with city.Since it was strongly affected by human disturbance,and also suffered from air pollution,soil pollution,water pollution and so on,the characteristics of urban forest were all different from common forest types not only in its components but also functions.In this paper,the importance of urban forest development in China were elucidated.The characteristics of urban forest were also studied in functions,structure,growth,biodiversity,management demand and benefits.Some essential issues were discussed for the development of urban forest in China.
Function assessment and ecological controls on alien species cordgrass
SUN Shucun, ZHU Xubin, L? Chaoqun
2004, (3): 93-98.
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Cordgrasses (
Spartina
spp.), perennial plant species belonging to genus Spartina of Family Graminoae, mainly grow in coastal salt and muddy intertidal flats. In this paper, the recent progresses in assessing cordgrass ecological functions and population expansion controlling were reviewed. As alien invasive species, cordgrass species, on one hand, were now threatening local biodiversity and further influencing social-economic sustainable development in many regions and countries. On the other hand, they played important roles in preventing coastal erosion and accelerating silt deposition, and this positive function should be emphasized especially under the condition of future sea level rising resulted from global warming. Among the ecological measures of controlling cordgrass expansion, chemical herbicide can eliminate large area of cordgrass community rapidly, but with possible side effects of soil pollution. Physical measures are too costly to be appropriate to large community. Biocontrol looks promising, but it does not work well until now and it will cause secondary biological invasion. Moreover, 3S (GPS, RSand GIS) technology, mathematical models of population growth and dispersal, and long-term monitoring systems have been employed in smooth cordgrass monitoring and controlling. We finally proposed several suggestions on how to strengthen fundamental research for ecological control and how to assess cordgrass ecosystem benefits.
Biodegradation and bioremediation of petroleum contaminants in seawater
SONG Zhiwen, XIA Wenxiang, CAO Jun
2004, (3): 99-102.
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Petroleum is the main contaminant in seawater,which has severely damaged sea and beach environments.Microbial degradation of petroleum contaminants is considered as to be the major decomposition process for decomposing petroleum contaminants in seawater and of great practical interest for implementation of bioremediation.The degradation process is restricted by petroleum composition and characteristics,environment condition and microbiological community composition.Element N and P were the major restriction factors.The reviews on the foundation of bioremediation,microbial community,degradation mechanism and methods were presented and the shortages and prospects of bioremediation in seawater were discussed.
Principles and methods of sustainable management of ecosystem
YANG Rongjin, FU Bojie, LIU Guohua, MA Keming
2004, (3): 103-108.
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Population,resources and environmental problems are the focus concerned by current society.They depend on each other for existence and interact.So it is important to make them in line,which is correlative with the sustainable development of anthropic society.Ecological systems are the condition of anthropic survival and the basis of the care of resources and environment.The significance of ecosystem management has been understood and accepted.This paper discussed the principles,means and methods of sustainable ecosystem management according to ecological and management principles.It hasd been emphasized that adaptive management was the basic approach to realize sustainable ecosystem management according to the uncertainty of ecosystem and its feedback to management.This paper provided the theoretic foundation for the case study of sustainable ecosystem management.
Review on study of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning
LI Huirong
2004, (3): 109-114.
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The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning is a hot subject in ecological and environmental sciences.Focused on this issue,the research history and the different academic viewpoints during the last two decades were reviewed systematically.The current knowledge and development of the theoretial and experimental work were shown fully.The future trends and challenges were also prospected.Theoretical and experimental studies indicated that biodiversity tends to be correlated positively with ecosystem functioning (stability).But diversity is not the direct driver of this relationship.Ecosystem functioning (stability) potentially depends on the interaction strength among species,the difference of functional response of species,the types and scales of ecosystems etc.In the study of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning,the important problem is not merely conclusion,but also mechanism hidden behind.
Important role of flying foxes (Megachiroptera) to forest ecosystem
MA Jie, ZHANG Jinguo, ZHANG Enquan, ZHANG Jinshuo, LIANG Bing, ZHANG Shuyi, SHEN Junxian
2004, (3): 115-119.
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Chiroptera,including 1107 species belonging to 19 families,are real flying mammals and consist of Microchiroptera and Megachiroptera.The later are often called as Old World fruit bat or flying fox and include 188 species.They can be found in tropical and subtropical area,with 9 of them naturally distributed in China.In this paper,we reviewed the status of decrease of plant species and loss of economic fruits because some species of flying foxes are becoming rare or extinct by exceeded trapping and habitat loss in some area.The importance of flying foxes in gene exchange and regeneration of forest system by predating fruits and pollinating was summerized.The importance of flying foxes for the stability,biodiversity and rejuvenation of forest was pointed out.
Cadmium absorption of rice from soils and remediations
ZONG Lianggang, XU Xiaoyan
2004, (3): 120-123.
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This paper reviewed the research status about the effect of cadmium contamination on soil-rice system and the law of rice cadmium absorption.Growth properties of rice under cadmium contamination and distribution of cadmium in organs of rice were described.Finally effects of remediations such as water control,fertilizer application and soil ameliorants were analyzed.
Disastrous mechanisms and control strategies of alien invasive plants
XU Zhenghao, WANG Yiping
2004, (3): 124-127.
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Alien invasive plant is one that is introduced from original ecosystems to new ones by nature force or human activity,which endangers the new environment or native plant species.Among three alien invasive plants,
Eupatorium adenophorum
had spread from Mexico to Yunna Province of China through Burma by nature force,while
Eichhornia crassipes
was invited to China from Mexico as forage crop and
Spartina angli
was introduced to China from south coast of Great Britain used as plant to protect embankment or dam.The three alien invasive plants threatened the production and life of local people,seriously damaged the ecological systems,and affected the biodiversity.The disastrous mechanisms of the three alien invasive plants spreading rapidly in China were due to their strong reproductive ability,adaptation and resistance,along with strong competitive ability and the allelopathic characteristics or with specific organ
per se
,also with the resistance to barrenness and pollution and short of local competently competitive organisms or natural enemies.Implement action for integrated management of alien invasive plants is probably effective control strategies.
Preliminary study on allelopathic potential of alfalfa (
Madicago sadiva
L.)
ZHU Xiaohong, WANG Peng, LIANG Wenju, JIANG Yong, ZANG Shuliang
2004, (3): 128-130.
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The allelopathic potential of alfalfa (
Madicago sadiva
L.) was preliminarily studied by using the bioassay and GC/MS.The results showed that the germination of maize,wheat and soybean were significantly inhibited by aqueous and 95% ethanol extracts from alfalfa.Further isolation of alfalfa extracts was carried out with column chromatography.Inhibition of the isolated fractions differed from that of the extracts.Allelochemicals of alfalfa on maize germination were low polarity,while allelochemicals of alfalfa on wheat germination were both low and high polarity.The potential allelochemicals of alfalfa were phenolics and saponins identified with GC/MS.
Characteristics of municipal sewage sludge and analysis on the prospects of its reuse
HE Peisong, ZHANG Jirong, CHEN Ling, ZHAO Jianfu, HUANG Huimin, CAO Yingchuan
2004, (3): 131-133.
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The reuse of municipal sewage sludge (MSS) is one of the generally accepted ways for sludge treatment.This paper analyzed the research results on the characteristics of three typical kinds of MSSin Shanghai:Quyang domestic sewage sludge (DSS),Jinshan petrified sewage sludge (PSS),and Taopu chemical sewage sludge (CSS).The concentrations of Zn and Cd in all the three kinds of sludge exceeded the standard values.Their contents were related to sewage types,and their morphological distribution was significantly different from each other.In the Quyang DSS,the contents of coliformbacteria under different climatic conditions were all above 1200 MPNs穏
-1
DM,in addition to many other infectious pathogens.As for the priority of control organic pollutants, 6 kinds from Jinshan PSSand 8 kinds from Taopu CSS,were not found in Quyang DSS.The related control standards of USEPA EEC and SEPA.were also discussed.
Relationship between soil fauna and microorganisms and the development of biochemistry characters in farmlands
SU Yongchun, GOU Yingbo, WANG Lixin
2004, (3): 134-137.
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The study was made in the heavily frigid region of northeastern China from May to September in
1997.
The relationship between seasonal variation of soil fauna and microbial biomass and 14 ecological factors was studied, and the primary and secondary factors affecting soil faunas and microorganisms were sought out, in grey connected analysis.Data set was composed of soil faunas and 4 ecological factors (catalase, dehydrolgenase, inorganic Ptransformation and residual decomposition rate). Five grey models[GM(1,5)] were established.
Research of soil and water loss law in uncovered sloping field of Loess Plateau
GAO Junxia, DANG Hongbin, LIU Zuoxin, WU Faqi
2004, (3): 138-140.
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This paper discussed the effect of some factors on characteristic value of soil and water loss,which has been completed by simulating rainfall experiment in the south region of the Loess Plateau.Runoff starting time and runoff modulus,were mainly affected by rain intensity and farming measure,while rain intensity and slope are major factors to sediment modulus.At the same time,soil and water loss prediction models were established with given definition scope,which improved the model's precision with better application potential.
Enzymatic isolation of leaf cuticles of Garcinia xanthochymus
WANG Boyi, FENG Yulong
2004, (3): 141-143.
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Investigation of cuticular transport physiology is of great importance for ecological, environmental and agrochemical research. Isolation of intact cuticles is a crucial prerequisite for these studies. Relative studies have not been seen in our country.The method of enzymatic isolation of cuticles was described in this paper.
Newly designed constructed wetland:a case study of Nansi Lake in Shandong Province
ZHU Di, NIE Jing, WANG Cheng, ZHANG Zhiguo
2004, (3): 144-148.
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Anew way is introduced in the designing of constructed wetland.Two sorts of wetlands are combined dynamically to form a system which possesses two functions "ecological restoration"and "ecological purification".According to investigation in the lake area,and based on the principles of ecology and ecological economy,we proposed a plan in which ecological engineering is used in the important area to ensure the integrity of structure and function of wetland ecosystem.
Extraction efficiency of soil nematodes by different methods
MAO Xiaofang, LI Huixin, CHEN Xiaoyun, HU Feng
2004, (3): 149-151.
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Extraction efficiency of soil nematodes by density (sucrose) centrifugation,modified Baermann funnel and shallow dish methods was compared.The total numbers of nematodes extracted by centrifugation method were 61 and 114 times higher than those by Baermann funnel and shallow dish methods,respectively.Nematodes of body size more than 53 μm(>300 mesh) and between 53 μm and 40 μm (300～400 mesh) extracted by centrifugation method were also significantly higher than those by Baermann funnel and shallow dish methods.In addition,centrifugation method was more effective for the extraction of all functional groups of nematodes (including bacterial-feeding,fungal-feeding,plant-feeding and omnivorous nematodes) than Baermann funnel and shallow dish methods.Baermann funnel method showed higher extraction efficiency than shallow dish method,and the difference was reflected in the numbers of bacterial-feeding nematodes and the nematodes with body size between 40 μm and 32 μm (400～500 mesh).However,shallow dish method was faster than Baermann funnel method when reaching similar relative extraction efficiency.
Theory and principle for the planning of eco-industrial park
WANG Zhen, LIU Jingru, WANG Rusong, YANG Jianxin
2004, (3): 152-156.
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From the view of industrial ecology, the concept of eco-industrial park (EIP) was discussed.Four kinds of concept of EIP,the theoretical basis,five levels of researching and characteristics of EIPwere introduced.Based on some planning cases,the basic principles for EIPplanning were suggested.Key problems in current EIPresearch and application were also put forward.
Protection and construction of eco-environment in Qinling Mountainous area
LIU Kang, MA Naixi, XU Yanling, SUN Gengnian
2004, (3): 157-160.
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Qinling Mountainous area is not only a natural boundary of south and north China, but also a significant ecological function section. Based on assessment of the ecological characteristics and ecological function for this area, the main eco-environmental problems were discussed. In order to solve these problems, the following ecological protection methods are suggested: ①Planning a unified way and regionalized rationally; ②building and perfecting environmental protection network; ③developing and managing eco-tourism scientifically;④ exploiting and utilizing natural resources rationally . Finally, main ecological engineering and safeguard measures were brought forward.
