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应用生态学报 ›› 2003, Vol. ›› Issue (11): 1893-1896.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄土高原塬区旱地长期施肥对小麦产量的影响

郝明德, 来璐, 王改玲, 党廷辉   

  1. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2003-01-27 修回日期:2003-04-12 出版日期:2003-11-15
  • 通讯作者: 郝明德,1957年生,男,研究员,博士生导师,从事土壤肥力与黄土高原综合治理研究.发表论文60余篇.E-mail:haodong@public.xa.sn.cn.
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院知识创新方向性项目(KZCX2413);国家“十五”科技攻关项目(2001BA508B18)

Effects of long-term fertilization on wheat yield on Loess Plateau

HAO Mingde, LAI Lu, WANG Gailing, DANG Tinghui   

  1. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwestern Sci-Tech. University of Agricculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, China
  • Received:2003-01-27 Revised:2003-04-12 Online:2003-11-15

摘要: 以18年长期肥料定位试验为背景,研究了长期施肥条件下小麦的增产效应.18年单施氮肥平均增产418.1kg·hm-2,增产率达28.4%,其中干旱年减产率为13.9%,常态年、丰水年增产率达30.3%、58.9%;单施磷肥平均减产率为9.3%,干旱年增产率达6.5%,常态年、丰水年减产率为15.4%、10.0%;有机肥平均增产率达82.8%;NP、PM、NM、NPM平均增产率分别达127.8%、118.9%、144.4%,169.3%.不同降水年型施肥对小麦的产量结构影响不同,普遍表现为干旱年成穗数、穗粒数、千粒重减少,丰水年增加,不同降水年型穗粒数、成穗数、千粒重的变化是不同施肥处理对小麦产量结构的调控措施.

Abstract: The effect of long-term fertilization on the yield of winter wheat was studied on the basis of 18-year located experiment on the Loess Plateau. The results showed that the winter wheat yield increased 418.1 kg穐m-2 under Nfertilization, and the average increasing rate was different with precipitation. In average and rain rich year, the average increasing rate were 30.3% and 58.9%,respectively,but in drought year, the yield decreased,and its average decreasing rate was 13.9%. The winter wheat yield under Pfertilizer increased in drought year, and decreased in average and rain rich year. The average increasing rate was 6.5% in drought year,and the average decreasing rate was 15.4% and 10.0%,respectively. The average increasing rate in M, NP, PM, NM and NPM was 82.8%, 127.8%, 18.9%, 144.4%, and 169.3%, respectively. In addition, precipitation affected the amount of spike, grains per spike,and weight of thousand-grains.

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