黄土高原森林植被对流域径流的调节作用

应用生态学报 ›› 2002, Vol. ›› Issue (9): 1057-1060.

• 研究论文 • 下一篇

黄土高原森林植被对流域径流的调节作用

黄明斌¹, 刘贤赵²

1. 中国科学院、水利部水土保持研究所, 杨凌 712100;
2. 烟台师范大学, 烟台 264025

收稿日期:2000-08-31 修回日期:2000-11-25
通讯作者: 黄明斌,男,1968年生,博士,副研究员,主要从事土壤水动力学、流域水文生态环境等方面的研究,发表论文40余篇.Tel:029-7019071,E-mail:hmbd@public.xa.sn.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重大项目(49890330);国家自然科学基金项目(50079023);中国科学院“西部之光”资助项目.

Regulation effect of forest vegetation on watershed runoff in the Loss Plateau

HUANG Mingbin¹, LIU Xianzhao ²

1. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Watrer Resources, Yangling 712100;
2. Department of Geography, Yantai Normal University, Yantai 264025

Received:2000-08-31 Revised:2000-11-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对黄土高原腹地子午岭典型森林流域与非森林流域年径流变化的对比分析结果表明,森林流域径流年内分配比非森林流域相对均匀,汛期(6～9月)总径流量减少了8.9mm(葫芦河比蒲河)和7.1mm(合水川比东川);枯季径流与汛期降水及枯水季节降水的回归分析可见,森林植被能将雨季蓄积的部分降水转化为地下径流,增大枯水季节的径流量.但由于黄土区土层深厚,植被蒸腾耗水强烈,森林植被对枯水期河川径流的调节作用十分有限,森林植被对10～12月径流总的补枯效应仅为1.69mm(葫芦河比蒲河)和0.5mm(合水川比东川),对1～4月径流无调节作用,说明森林植被拦蓄的大部分降雨被植物吸收利用,消耗于蒸腾,从而揭示了森林植被对河川径流的削洪补枯效应及其机理.

关键词: 黄土高原, 森林植被, 调节作用, 控释氮肥, ¹⁵N-尿素, 苹果, 袋控缓释肥

Abstract: The runoff and rainfall data of typical forested and non-forested watersheds in Ziwuling region,which is located in the hinterland of the Loess Plateau,were used to analyze their annual runoff variation comparatively. The result showed that the annual distribution of runoff in forested watersheds was uniform,compared with that in non-forested watersheds. The total runoff in flood season dereased by 8.88 mm and 7.1 mm. Regression analyses between runoff in dried-up season and rainfall in flood season or in dried-up season showed that the rainfall in flood season in forested watersheds could be changed into underground runoff by forest vegetation,and increased the runoff in dried-up season. The annual variation of runoff also indicated that the total effect of forest vegetation on dried-up runoff complement from October to December was 1.69 mm and 0.5 mm,and that from January to May was not significant.

Key words: apple, bag-controlled release fertilizer, ¹⁵N-urea, controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer

中图分类号:

S727.2

黄明斌, 刘贤赵. 黄土高原森林植被对流域径流的调节作用[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, (9): 1057-1060.

HUANG Mingbin, LIU Xianzhao . Regulation effect of forest vegetation on watershed runoff in the Loss Plateau[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, (9): 1057-1060.

参考文献

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