关键词: 典型黑土, 开垦年限, 溅蚀量, 团聚体, 分选特征, 土地利用方式, 赤红壤, 土壤微生物, 土壤酶活性, 土壤肥力

Abstract: Taking the typical black soil with a reclamation history of 8, 30, and 50 years and the un-reclaimed secondary forest land as test objects, a simulat
ion study was made on the process of splash erosion and the selective characteristics of soil aggregates under artificial rainfall condition, with the effects of reclamation on the splash erosion in black soil region analyzed. The splash amount of reclaimed black soil was evidently higher than that of un-reclaimed secondary forest land, and increased with increasing reclamation years, with a variation range of 0.95-7.06 g·cm^-1. There was a signific
ant exponential correlation between splash amount and splash distance, and the percentages of small size water-stable aggregates increased with increasing splash distance. The critical particle size of soil aggregates for the enrichment and depletion of splash erosion was 1.0 mm. Soil waterstable aggregates larger than 2 mm and smaller than 0.25 mm in size and soil organic matter content were the main factors affecting the splash erosion characteristics of typical black soil.

Key words: typical black soil, reclamation years, splash amount, soil aggregate,  selective characteristics, land use type, lateritic red soil, soil microbe, soil enzyme activity, soil fertility.