欢迎访问《生态学杂志》官方网站,今天是 分享到:

生态学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (11): 3567-3575.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202011.018

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

三北防护林体系建设工程对科尔沁沙地社会经济影响的定量分析

武金洲1,2,4,郑晓1,2,3*,高添1,3,宋立宁1,3,张婷1,2,4   

  1. 1中国科学院森林生态与管理重点实验室, 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016; 2中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所大青沟沙地生态试验站, 沈阳 110016; 3中国科学院清原森林生态系统观测研究站, 沈阳 110016; 4中国科学院大学, 北京 100049)
  • 出版日期:2020-11-11 发布日期:2021-05-10

Quantitative analysis of the socioeconomic development impacts of the Three-North Afforestation Program on Horqin Sandy Land.

WU Jin-zhou1,2,4, ZHENG Xiao1,2,3*, GAO Tian1,3, SONG Li-ning1,3, ZHANG Ting1,2,4   

  1. (1CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Shenyang 110016, China; 2Daqinggou Ecological Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016,  China; 3Qingyuan Forest Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; 4University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)
  • Online:2020-11-11 Published:2021-05-10

摘要: 三北防护林体系建设工程(“三北工程”)是我国最早启动的林业生态工程,旨在改善三北地区的生态环境,促进区域社会经济发展。然而,以往研究主要集中于生态工程对生态环境影响的定量研究,有关生态工程对社会经济影响的定量研究相对较少。因此,本研究以三北工程的核心建设区——科尔沁沙地东部8个旗(县)为研究区,利用结构方程模型,定量分析了2000—2016年三北工程对该地区社会与经济发展的影响。结果表明:(1)2000—2016年,三北工程显著增加了研究区的森林面积3.70×105 hm2,提高了研究区森林覆被率8.52%;工程累计投资金额为9.87×104万元。(2)17年间三北工程对研究区社会发展产生了正向效应,直接贡献率为55%,表现为改变人口就业结构和增加农村用电量;同时,三北工程推动了研究区的经济增长,直接贡献率为4%,间接贡献率为52%,表现为增加农民收入和通过改变就业或产业结构进而影响经济;此外,三北工程对区域脱贫也有一定积极影响。本研究为三北工程的后续建设提供科学指导,也为生态工程对社会与经济影响的定量研究提供参考。

关键词: 三北工程, 科尔沁沙地, 结构方程模型, 社会经济发展

Abstract: The Three-North Afforestation Program (TNAP), the earliest ecological afforestation program in China, aims to improve the ecological environment and promote the socioeconomic development in the ThreeNorth region (TNR). While most previous studies focused on the effects of ecological programs on the ecological environment, few studies have quantified their effects on the socioeconomic development. In this study, the structural equation model was used to quantify the relationships among the TNAP, economic growth, and social development from 2000 to 2016 in eight counties of the Horqin Sandy Land, the critical construction area of the TNAP. The results showed that: (1) the TNAP in this area increased forest area by 370000 hm2 and forest cover by 8.52% following a direct investment of 987 million yuan; (2) the TNAP accounted for about 55% contribution of the local social development by improving employment structure and electricity consumption over the 17 years. Moreover, the TNAP increased economic growth with a direct contribution of 4% and an indirect contribution of 52%, which have changed the patterns of employment and industry and increased farmers’ income. All these changes have a positive influence on poverty alleviation. Our results could provide scientific support for further construction of the TNAP and reference for further studies on the effects of ecological programs on socioeconomic development.

Key words: Three-North Afforestation Program, Horqin Sandy Land, structural equation model, social-economic development.