科尔沁沙地封育过程中植被特征的动态变化

生态学杂志

科尔沁沙地封育过程中植被特征的动态变化

吕朋^1,2,3,左小安^1,2*,岳喜元^1,2,3,张晶^1,2,3,赵生龙^1,2,3,程清平^1,2,3

（¹中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院乌拉特荒漠草原研究站，兰州 730000；²中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院奈曼-沙漠化研究站，兰州 730000；³中国科学院大学，北京 100049）

出版日期:2018-10-10 发布日期:2018-10-10

Temporal changes of vegetation characteristics during the long-term grazing exclusion in Horqin Sandy Land.

LV Peng^1,2,3, ZUO Xiao-an^1,2*, YUE Xi-yuan^1,2,3, ZHANG Jing^1,2,3, ZHAO Sheng-long^1,2,3, CHENG Qing-ping^1,2,3

(¹Urat Desert-grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; ²Naiman Desertification Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; ³University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China).

Online:2018-10-10 Published:2018-10-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究沙地退化植被封育恢复过程中植被特征的动态变化规律，分别于2011年、2013年和2015年8月中旬在流动、半固定、固定沙丘和沙质草地上开展了3次植被特征调查。结果表明：2011—2015年，流动沙丘优势植物沙米（Agriophyllum squarrosum）的优势度逐渐降低，半固定沙丘优势植物差巴嘎蒿（Artemisia halodendrom）的优势度波动下降、一年生植物优势度有所增加；固定沙丘和草地中一年生植物的优势度有所下降，多年生植物所占比例逐渐增加；随着退化植被封育恢复，植被盖度、物种丰富度、凋落物量和地上地下生物量明显增加；2011—2015年，4种生境上的平均凋落物量和半固定沙丘的植被盖度逐年增加，而物种丰富度和地上生物量表现出波动变化趋势，地下生物量年际间变化不显著；沙地退化植被封育恢复过程中，物种丰富度与植被盖度、地上生物量、凋落物量、地下生物量和总的植物生物量呈极显著线性正相关。沙地退化植被封育恢复过程中植物群落组成和优势种的动态变化，反映了沙地植物群落的正向演替与群落结构复杂化的趋向；沙地退化植被的封育恢复导致了物种多样性与生物量的线性正相关。

关键词: 生态风险, 滑坡灾害, 脆弱性, 危险性, 生态系统服务

Abstract: To reveal the variation of vegetation characteristics during the enclosure restoration of degraded vegetation in Horqin Sandy Land, we investigated the vegetation characteristics in mobile dune, semi-fixed dune, fixed dune, and sandy grassland after grazing exclusion, in midAugust of 2011, 2013 and 2015. The results showed that during 2011-2015, the dominance of dominant species Agriophyllum squarrosum in mobile dunes was gradually decreased, while that of the dominant species Artemisia halodendrom in semi-fixed dunes undulately decreased and that of therophytes increased. The dominance of therophytes was decreased and the perennials increased in fixed dunes and grasslands. Along with enclosure restoration, vegetation cover, species richness, litter biomass, aboveground biomass and belowground biomass were significantly increased. During 2011-2015, the mean litter biomass in the four habitats and the vegetation coverage in semi-fixed dunes were significantly increased, while species richness and aboveground biomass were changed undulately and there was no significant difference in the belowground biomass among the three years. Vegetaion coverage, aboveground biomass, litter biomass, belowground biomass and total plant biomass were positively related to species richness during the enclosure restoration. Changes of plant community composition and dominant species reflected a positive succession of plant community and complication of community structure, which could be predicted by a positive linear model between species diversity and biomass.

Key words: ecological risk, landslide disaster, risk, ecosystem service, vulnerability

吕朋,左小安,岳喜元,张晶,赵生龙,程清平. 科尔沁沙地封育过程中植被特征的动态变化[J]. 生态学杂志.

LV Peng, ZUO Xiao-an, YUE Xi-yuan, ZHANG Jing, ZHAO Sheng-long, CHENG Qing-ping. Temporal changes of vegetation characteristics during the long-term grazing exclusion in Horqin Sandy Land.[J]. cje.

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