In order to clarify the adjustment roles of PR domaincontaining 16 (PRDM16) and bone morphogenetic proteins 7 (BMP7) genes expressions in the physiological adaptation of tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri) to seasonal environment changes, the indexes of tree shrew’s body mass, resting metabolic rate (RMR), nonshivering thermogenesis (NST), food intake, brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass, white adipose tissue (WAT) mass, PRDM16 and BMP7 genes expressions were measured under different seasons and cold acclimatization. The results showed that, with the seasonal changes, tree shrew’s body mass, BAT mass, WAT mass, RMR, NST and food intake in winter were significantly higher than that in summer; its PRDM16 and BMP7 genes expressions showed significant differences in different seasons. Seasonal variation tendency of PRDM16 gene expression was in order of winter>autumn>spring> summer, and the seasonal variation tendency of BMP7 gene expression was in order of winter>autumn>summer>spring. Cold acclimatization increased its body mass, BAT mass, WAT mass, RMR, NST and food intake. PRDM16 and BMP7 genes expressions were also increased under cold acclimation. The results suggested that the gene expression levels of PRDM16 and BMP7 of the tree shrews were increased in winter or with cold exposure, which promoted the formation of brown fat cells to increase the thermogenesis to adapt to the cold condition in winter. Moreover, PRDM16 and BMP7 genes play important roles in the seasonal thermogenic regulation and energy metabolism in the tree shrews.