珍稀树种蒜头果种实性状及其在石漠化山区的适应性

生态学杂志

珍稀树种蒜头果种实性状及其在石漠化山区的适应性

吕仕洪^1*,韦春强¹,黄甫昭¹,何运林²,曾丹娟¹,李先琨¹,邓振海^3

（¹广西喀斯特植物保护与恢复生态学重点实验室（广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所），广西桂林 541006； ^2广西
师范大学生命科学学院，广西桂林 541004； ³广西雅长兰科植物自然保护区，广西乐业 533209）

出版日期:2016-01-10 发布日期:2016-01-10

Fruit and seed traits and adaptability to rocky desertification mountain of rare tree species Malania oleifera.

LV Shi-hong^1*, WEI Chun-qiang¹, HUANG Fu-zhao¹, HE Yun-lin², ZENG Dan-juan¹, LI Xian-kun¹, DENG Zhen-hai^3

(¹Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany,
Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the Chinese Academy Sciences, Guilin 541006, Guangxi, China; ^2College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China; ³Yachang Orchids Nature Reserve of Guangxi, Leye 533209, Guangxi, China)

Online:2016-01-10 Published:2016-01-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨珍稀树种蒜头果（Malania oleifera）果实与种子的基本性状及其在石漠化山区的适应性，测定了其果实与种子的外部形态、个体质量、果实出种率和种子出仁率等，并在桂西南石漠化山区选择4种立地类型（裸地、草丛、灌丛和疏林）开展直播造林试验。结果表明：蒜头果果实和种子的鲜重、高度、宽度和出种率或出仁率的平均值分别为(21.30±4.25) g和(9.35±1.68) g、(39.31±2.77) mm和(26.12±1.80) mm、(35.19±2.25) mm和(28.61±1.55) mm及44.21%±3.21%和70.43%±4.25%，种子鲜重与果实鲜重、种子出仁率与种子鲜重存在一定程度的正相关；在4种立地类型中，种子萌发率为灌丛＞疏林＞草丛＞裸地，2年生幼苗的存活率为疏林＞灌丛＞草丛＞裸地，株高总生长量为疏林＞灌丛＞草丛＞裸地，基径总生长量为疏林＞灌丛＞草丛＞裸地。根据试验结果，在桂西南石漠化山区，蒜头果在灌丛和疏林适应性较好而可以直播造林，但在草丛和裸地适应性较差而不宜直播造林。

关键词: 植被演替, 细根生物量, 死根现存量, 土壤

Abstract: In order to explore the fruit and seed traits and adaptability of Malania oleifera, a rare tree species, to rocky desertification mountain, we investigated the morphology and weight of fruit and seed, seed rate and seed kernel rate of M. oleifera. Reforestation through direct seeding experiment was also conducted in four site types (bare land, grassland, shrub land and open forest land) to evaluate the adaptability of M. oleifera to rocky desertification region in the southwest of Guangxi. The results showed that the average fresh fruit weight of M. oleifera was (21.30±4.25) g and its average height, width, fruit seed rate was (39.31±2.77) mm, (35.19±2.25) mm and 44.21%±3.21%, respectively. The mean weight of fresh seed of M. oleifera was (9.35±1.68) g and its mean height, width and seed kernel rate were (26.12±1.80) mm, (28.61±1.55) mm and 70.43%±4.25%, respectively. There was a positive relationship between seed weight and fruit weight, and between seed kernel rate and single seed weight. The ranking of seed germination rate by direct seeding was shrub land > open forest land > grass land > bare land. The rankings of survival rate, total increments of plant height, total increments of basal diameter for two-year-old seedlings were open forest land > shrub land > grass land > bare land. According to our results, M. oleifera displayed better adaptability in shrub and open forest lands than in grass land and bare lands. Therefore, M. oleifera could be planted by direct seeding in shrub and open forest land rather than in grass land and bare lands in rocky desertification regions, southwest of Guangxi.

Key words: soil, vegetation succession, fine root necromass, fine root biomass

吕仕洪1*,韦春强1,黄甫昭1,何运林2,曾丹娟1,李先琨1,邓振海3. 珍稀树种蒜头果种实性状及其在石漠化山区的适应性[J]. 生态学杂志.

LV Shi-hong1*, WEI Chun-qiang1, HUANG Fu-zhao1, HE Yun-lin2, ZENG Dan-juan1, LI Xian-kun1, DENG Zhen-hai3. Fruit and seed traits and adaptability to rocky desertification mountain of rare tree species Malania oleifera.[J]. cje.

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