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粗木质残体贮量和分解进展

王顺忠1,谷会岩2,桑卫国1**   

  1. (1中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室, 北京 100093; 2东北林业大学林学院, 哈尔滨 150040)
  • 出版日期:2014-08-10 发布日期:2014-08-10

Storage and decay of coarse woody debris: A review.

WANG Shun-zhong1, GU Hui-yan2, SANG Wei-guo1**   

  1. (1State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; 2School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China)
  • Online:2014-08-10 Published:2014-08-10

摘要:

粗木质残体是指森林生态系统中的枯立木、根桩、倒木以及大枝,是森林生态系统的重要组分,发挥着重要的生态功能,是一个长期碳库,但在碳库研究中,经常被忽略。CWD贮量变化较大,从世界范围看,随着纬度降低,CWD体积下降;美国和我国CWD碳贮量亦呈现出随纬度的降低而降低;天然林CWD时间动态一般呈“U”型,但也存在其他模式,或者无明确的模式。CWD的分解受到温度和降水等气候因子的影响,并与木材特性密切相关。我国森林类型丰富,为CWD研究提供了良好条件。国内学者对CWD贮量和分解进行了大量研究,但与世界先进水平相比,仍处于初级阶段,需要结合野外调查、长期实验和模型模拟,明确CWD碳库当前和未来的地位。

 

关键词: 城市化, 氮补偿, 京津冀区域, 活性氮, 数据包络分析

Abstract: Coarse woody debris (CWD) includes standing dead trees and stumps, whole fallen trees and dead branches on forest floor. CWD is an important structural component of many forest ecosystems and plays a key role in a number of aspects of ecosystem function. CWD contributes substantially to the long-lived forest carbon pool, however, CWD is often overlooked in forest carbon inventories. CWD varies highly in different forest zones. CWD volume in the world and CWD carbon storage in the United States and China decreases with decreasing the latitude. Studies of naturally regenerated forests typically report a “Ushaped” temporal pattern of CWD. Other temporal patterns have also been noted. Occasionally, stands exhibit no clear temporal pattern at all. Local environmental conditions, in particular temperature and humidity, exert strong controls on the rate of CWD decomposition. Species-based variation in wood traits may also contribute to the observed variations in CWD decomposition. There are rich forest types in China, which provides favorable conditions for CWD study. A number of studies about storage and decomposition of CWD have been conducted in China. However, all of them are still far away from the advanced level. A combination of field surveys, long-term experiments and model simulation should be required to ascertain the current and future status of CWD carbon stocks.

Key words: urbanization, data envelopment analysis, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei agglomeration, nitrogen offset, reactive nitrogen