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东辽河河岸带草本植物物种多样性及群落数量分析

张文丽1,4,夏会娟1,2,3,张远2,3,孔维静2,3**,贾晓波2,3,姚懿函2,3   

  1. 1三峡大学, 湖北宜昌 443002; 2中国环境科学研究院流域水生态保护技术研究室, 北京 100012; 3环境标准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012; 4三峡地区地质灾害与生态环境湖北省协同创新中心, 湖北宜昌 443002)
  • 出版日期:2014-05-10 发布日期:2014-05-10

Herbaceous species diversity and community quantitative analysis in the riparian zone of East Liaohe River.

ZHANG Wen-li1,4, XIA Hui-juan1,2,3, ZHANG Yuan2,3, KONG Wei-jing2,3**, JIA Xiao-bo2,3, YAO Yi-han2,3   

  1. (1China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China; 2 Laboratory of Riverine Ecological Conservation and Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; 3State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, China; 4Collaborative Innovation Center for GeoHazards and EcoEnvironment in Three Gorges Area, Hubei Province, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China)
  • Online:2014-05-10 Published:2014-05-10

摘要:

采用样线法调查了东辽河河岸带草本植物群落,分析了物种多样性特征,利用组平均聚类法和除趋势对应分析(DCA)分别对植物群落进行了分类和排序,探讨了影响东辽河河岸带草本植物群落分布的主要环境因子。结果表明:东辽河河岸带共有草本植物118种,属36科70属,草本植物的物种多样性自上游向下游呈现先增加后降低的变化趋势,而丰富度指数变化规律不显著,这与河流水文特征、河岸土壤基质类型、土壤含水量和人为干扰有关。聚类分析结果显示,东辽河河岸带草本群落可划分为11种类型,其中湿生植物群落占据优势。DCA排序轴与环境因子的相关性分析表明,海拔和河流等级是东辽河河岸带草本植物群落分布的重要影响因子。
 

关键词: 川中丘陵区, 覆膜, 春玉米, 垄作, 产量, 根系分布

Abstract: Herbaceous species diversity and herbaceous community quantitative features in the riparian zone of East Liaohe River were studied with the sample line approach. To find the major environmental factors affecting the distribution pattern of riparian herbaceous communities, cluster analysis and ordination analysis were conducted by using group average clustering analysis and detrended correspondence analysis (DCA). Results showed that there were altogether 118 herbaceous species, belonging to 36 families and 70 genera. The herbaceous species diversity increased firstly and then decreased from upstream to downstream, while the richness index changed irregularly due to hydrological characteristics, riparian substrate types, soil moisture and human disturbance. The herbaceous communities were classified into 11 types using clustering analysis, and dominated by hygrophytes. Correlations between DCA ordination axes and environmental factors showed that the elevation and stream order were the major environmental factors affecting the distribution pattern of herbaceous communities in the riparian zone of East Liaohe River.

Key words: film mulching, hilly area of central Sichuan basin, root distribution, yield, spring maize, ridge-cultivation