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水源涵养林不同植被类型土壤NH4+-N和NO3--N分布特征

高洪翠1,3,范志平1,2**,李法云2,李海燕4,徐英华4   

  1. 1中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016; 2辽宁石油化工大学生态环境研究院, 辽宁抚顺 113001; 3中国科学院大学, 北京 100049; 4辽宁老秃顶子国家级自然保护区抚顺管理局, 辽宁抚顺 113208)
  • 出版日期:2014-05-10 发布日期:2014-05-10

Soil NH4+-N and NO3--N distribution of different vegetation types in water conservation forests.

GAO Hong-cui1,3, FAN Zhi-Ping1,2**, LI Fa-yun2, LI Hai-yan4, XU Ying-hua4   

  1. (1Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; 2Institute of Ecoenvironment Sciences, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, Liaoning, China; 3University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 4Fushun Authority of Liaoning Laotudingzi National Nature Reserve, Fushun 113208, Liaoning, China)
  • Online:2014-05-10 Published:2014-05-10

摘要: 以辽宁东部山地水源涵养林为对象,选择槭树蒙古栎林、山杨林、白桦山杨林和落叶松人工林等4种植被类型,测定其土壤NH4+-N、NO3--N、pH值、容重、有机碳和全氮等理化指标,分析了植被类型、土壤层次与土壤无机氮分布特征之间的关系。结果表明:4种植被类型土壤NH4+-N、NO3--N在土壤表层(0~5 cm)含量最高,由表层向下逐渐降低;土壤总无机氮含量大小为落叶松人工林(27.46 mg·kg-1)>山杨林(21.76 mg·kg-1)>槭树蒙古栎林(19.09 mg·kg-1)>白桦-山杨林(17.88 mg·kg-1);阔叶林中NH4+-N是土壤无机氮的主要存在形式,而落叶松人工林土壤中NO3--N所占比例较高;水源涵养林土壤NH4+-N、NO3--N均与土壤有机质、土壤含水量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。总体而言,植被类型对土壤无机氮分布有较大影响,研究结果可为辽东山区水源涵养林植被类型的选择和结构调控提供参考。

关键词: 光辐射, 播期, 气温, 籼稻, 颖花分化与退化

Abstract: In this paper, we analyzed soil inorganic nitrogen (NH4+-N, NO3--N), pH, bulk density, organic carbon and total nitrogen in four waterconservation forests (e.g. Acer mono-Quercus mongolica forest, Populus davidiana forest, Betula platyphylla-P. davidiana forest, and Larix kaempferi plantation) in the mountain area of eastern Liaoning, to reveal the relationships of vegetation type with soil layer and soil inorganic nitrogen distribution. Results indicated that the concentrations of soil NH4+-N and NO3--N were highest in the Oa horizon (0-5 cm) and decreased gradually in the mineral soil layers. Soil inorganic nitrogen concentration was in a sequence of L. kaempferi plantation (27.46 mg·kg-1) > P davidiana forest (21.76 mg·kg-1) > A. mono-Q. mongolica forest (19.09 mg·kg-1) > B. platyphylla-P. davidiana forest (17.88 mg·kg-1). NH4+-N was the major form of soil inorganic nitrogen in the broadleaved forests, while NO3--N was dominant in L. kaempferi plantation soil. There was a highly significant positive correlation between soil inorganic nitrogen and organic carbon or soil moisture in the four forest types (P<0.01). Overall, vegetation type greatly affected the distribution of soil inorganic nitrogen. Our results can provide a reference for vegetation type selection and structural regulation of water conservation forests in the mountainous area of eastern Liaoning.

Key words: air temperature, solar radiation, indica rice, spikelet differentiation and degeneration, sowing date