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升温/降温速率和驯化模式对斑马鱼及孔雀鱼热耐受性测定的影响

夏继刚*,蔡瑞钰,吕潇,成美玲,付世建   

  1. (重庆师范大学进化生理与行为学实验室, 重庆市动物生物学重点实验室, 重庆 401331)
  • 出版日期:2016-08-10 发布日期:2016-08-10

The effects of heating/cooling rate and acclimation mode on the determination of thermal tolerance of zebrafish (Danio rerio) and guppy (Poecilia reticulata).

XIA Ji-gang*, CAI Rui-yu, LV Xiao, CHENG Mei-lin, FU Shi-jian   

  1. (Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China).
  • Online:2016-08-10 Published:2016-08-10

摘要: 为了探究升温/降温速率以及驯化模式对不同鱼类热耐受性测定的影响,本研究将斑马鱼(Danio rerio)和孔雀鱼(Poecilia reticulata)于恒温(28 ℃)和变温(26~30 ℃)下驯化2周,之后分别以某一特定的升温/降温速率(0.03、0.1、0.3、1和3 ℃·min-1)测定其热耐受性参数(临界高温CTmax、临界低温CTmin、致死高温LTmax、致死低温LTmin)。结果表明:升温/降温速率对CTmax、CTmin、LTmax和LTmin的测定结果均影响显著(P<0.05),两种实验鱼的CTmin和LTmin均随着降温速率的减小而降低,而CTmax和LTmax在低的升温速率下降低或保持不变;驯化模式显著影响CTmin和LTmax(P<0.05),变温驯化有导致两种鱼LTmax增大以及孔雀鱼CTmin降低的趋势;斑马鱼的热耐受幅大于孔雀鱼。结果提示:升温/降温速率对鱼类低温耐受的影响大于高温耐受,并且对热耐受幅窄的鱼类影响更大。

关键词: 空间分布, 时间稳定性, 土壤水分, 黑河, 生态交错带

Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of heating/cooling rate and acclimation mode on the thermal tolerance of different fish, the relevant parameters, such as critical thermal maxima (CTmax), critical thermal minima (CTmin), lethal thermal maxima (LTmax) and lethal thermal minima (LTmin), were measured in juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio) and guppy (Poecilia reticulata) after 2 weeks of acclimation at 28 or 26-30 ℃. All the parameters were determined at a given heating/cooling rate (0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1, and 3 ℃·min-1). Our results showed that the heating/cooling rate had marked influence on all the parameters (P<0.05). The CTmin and LTmin of both fish species decreased with the decrease of cooling rate, whereas the CTmax and LTmax decreased or remained unchanged under the low heating rate. The CTmin and LTmax were significantly affected by acclimation mode (P<0.05). Compared with constant temperature acclimation, dielfluctuating temperature resulted in increasing trends in LTmax of both fish species and a decreased trend in CTmin of guppy. Moreover, the thermal tolerance amplitudes of zebrafish were wider than that of guppy. The results indicated that the heating/cooling rate had more pronounced effect on the measurement of cold tolerance than heat tolerance in fish, and that the heating/cooling rate would produce more influence on fish with narrower thermal tolerance amplitude.

Key words: ecotone, soil water, Heihe River., spatial distribution, temporal stability