温度与矿浆浓度对硫铁矿生物氧化污染物释放的影响

生态学杂志

温度与矿浆浓度对硫铁矿生物氧化污染物释放的影响

董燕¹,毕文龙¹,周立祥²,秦俊梅¹,张健¹,刘奋武^1*

(¹山西农业大学资源环境学院环境工程实验室，山西太谷 030801；²南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院环境工程系，南京 210095)

出版日期:2019-11-10 发布日期:2019-11-10

Effects of temperature and pyrite slurry concentration on the pollutant release during pyrite bio-oxidation process.

DONG Yan¹, BI Wen-long¹, ZHOU Li-xiang², QIN Jun-mei¹, ZHANG Jian¹, LIU Fen-wu^1*

(Environmental Engineering Laboratory, College of Resource and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China; ² Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China).

Online:2019-11-10 Published:2019-11-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 伴随着采矿业而产生的酸性矿山废水具有污染面广、污染持续时间长、危害程度严重等特点。硫铁矿生物氧化是产生酸性矿山废水的主要原因。探究硫铁矿生物氧化细节对揭示自然状态下酸性矿山废水的产生规律具有重要意义。本研究采用摇瓶实验，探究了环境温度10~30 ℃与硫铁矿矿浆浓度0.67%~2%对硫铁矿生物氧化的影响。结果表明，当环境温度为30 ℃，矿浆浓度为2%时，1 g硫铁矿生物氧化18 d释放的H⁺、总Fe、SO₄^2-量分别为0.6 mmol、64.53 mg与151.0 mg。与矿浆浓度2%相比较，当矿浆浓度降低至0.67%时，硫铁矿生物氧化释放H⁺与总Fe的量降低了13.3%与18.2%。与环境温度30 ℃相比较，当温度降低至10 ℃，硫铁矿生物氧化释放H⁺与总Fe的量降低了80.0%与82.6%。高矿浆浓度（1%~2%）与高温（20~30 ℃）条件下，硫铁矿生物体系SO₄^2-呈现明显的增加趋势，低矿浆浓度（0.67%）与低温（10 ℃）条件下，体系SO₄^2-增加量并不明显。不同处理硫铁矿生物氧化后，根据氧化程度，硫铁矿表面呈现出疏密不同的侵蚀坑，在环境温度30 ℃的处理体系，生物氧化后，硫铁矿表面观察到次生铁矿物。本研究结果为进一步揭示自然界酸性矿山废水的形成机理提供必要的数据支撑。

关键词: 产量, 交替地下滴灌, 春玉米, 耗水特性, 水分利用效率

Abstract: Acid mine drainage (AMD) production during mining industry has the characteristics of extensive pollution, long duration, and serious harm. Biooxidation of pyrite is the main cause of AMD. Exploring the details of pyrite bio-oxidation is of great significance to understand the pattern of AMD production under natural conditions. In this study, shaking flask experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of temperature (10-30 ℃) and pyrite slurry concentration (0.67%-2%) on pyrite biooxidation process. The results showed that bio-oxidation of 1 g pyrite for 18 days released 0.6 mmol, 64.53 mg, and 151.0 mg of H⁺, total Fe and SO₄^2-, respectively at 30 ℃ with pyrite slurry concentration of 2%. Compared with the pyrite slurry concentration of 2%, the amount of released H⁺ and total Fe in pyrite bio-oxidation systems decreased by 13.3% and 18.2% respectively when the pyrite slurry concentration was reduced to 0.67%. Compared with temperature 30 ℃, when temperature was decreased to 10 ℃, the amount of released H⁺ and total Fe in pyrite bio-oxidation systems decreased by 80.0% and 82.6%, respectively. The SO₄^2- concentration showed a distinct increasing trend in pyrite bio-oxidation system under high pyrite slurry concentration (1%-2%) and high temperature (20-30 ℃), whereas the SO₄^2- concentration did not change under low pyrite slurry concentration (0.67%) and low temperature (10 ℃). Biooxidized pyrite surface showed erosion pits with different densities according to the bio-oxidation degree under different treatments. In addition, secondary iron minerals covered the bio-oxidized pyrite obviously when the pyrite biooxidation was at 30 ℃. Our results provide supports for further understanding the formation mechanism of AMD.

Key words: water use efficiency., spring maize, water consumption characteristics, yield, alternate subsurface drip irrigation

董燕,毕文龙,周立祥,秦俊梅,张健,刘奋武. 温度与矿浆浓度对硫铁矿生物氧化污染物释放的影响[J]. 生态学杂志.

DONG Yan, BI Wen-long, ZHOU Li-xiang, QIN Jun-mei, ZHANG Jian, LIU Fen-wu. Effects of temperature and pyrite slurry concentration on the pollutant release during pyrite bio-oxidation process.[J]. cje.

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