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生态学杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 2755-2761.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国新疆灰叶胡杨群体遗传多样性的SSR分析

张玲1,2,焦培培1,3,李志军1,2**   

  1. (1新疆生产建设兵团塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用重点实验室, 新疆阿拉尔 843300; 2新疆塔里木大学植物科学学院, 新疆阿拉尔 843300; 3新疆塔里木大学生命科学学院, 新疆阿拉尔 843300)
  • 出版日期:2012-11-10 发布日期:2012-11-10

Genetic diversity of Populus pruinosa populations in Xinjiang of China based on SSR analysis.

ZHANG Ling1,2, JIAO Pei-pei1,3, LI Zhi-jun1,2**   

  1. (1Key Laboratory of Biological Resource Protection and Utilization of Tarim Basin, Xinjiang Production & Construction Group, Alar 843300, Xinjiang, China; 2College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar 843300, Xinjiang, China; 3College of Life Science, Tarim University, Alar 843300, Xinjiang, China)
  • Online:2012-11-10 Published:2012-11-10

摘要: 以中国新疆灰叶胡杨(Populus pruinosa)的9个天然居群的135个样品为材料,利用12对荧光SSR引物对其遗传多样性和遗传结构进行研究。结果表明:12对引物共检测到136个位点,平均每个引物11个条带,居群的平均多态位点比率平均为0.972、Shannon指数(I)平均为1.185、Nei指数(h)平均为0.541、观察杂合度Ho为0.321、期望杂合度He为0.560,表明灰叶胡杨的遗传多样性水平较丰富。9个灰叶胡杨天然居群中泽普居群的遗传多样性最为丰富,阿拉尔14团遗传多样性最为贫乏。AMOVA分子差异分析显示:12%的遗传变异存在居群间,88%的遗传变异则存在居群内,基因分化系数Gst为17.10%,证明灰叶胡杨居群的遗传分化程度较低。根据遗传分化系数,测得居群间的基因流(Nm)为2.424。9个居群的平均遗传距离为0.244,14T居群和MGT居群遗传距离最近,遗传一致度最大。利用UPGMA法对9个居群进行聚类分析,灰叶胡杨9个自然居群分为4大类: 48团(48T)、14团(14T)、麦盖提县(MGT)、墨玉县(MY)、沙雅县(SY)聚为一大类,阿瓦提县(AWT)和阿拉尔和田河古道(ALE)居群聚为一大类,最后泽普县(ZP)、巴楚县的夏马勒林场(XML)各自单独为一类。经Mantel检验,9个灰叶胡杨居群的遗传距离和地理距离相关性不显著。总之,泽普居群遗传多样性最丰富,因此在指定原位种质保护计划时应优先考虑泽普居群。

关键词: 水母, 浮游动物, 同位素, 食物来源, 生态位

Abstract: One hundred and thrityfive samples of nine natural Populus pruinosa populations in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of Northwest China were taken, and twelve pairs of SSR primers were utilized to study the genetic diversity and genetic structure of these populations. A total of 136 alleles were detected, with a mean of 11 bands per primer. The mean percentage of the polymorphic loci of all the populations (P) was 97.2%, the mean Shannon’s information index (I) and Nei’s gene diversity (h) at population level were 1.185 and 0.541, and the observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity were 0.321 and 0.560, respectively. These data suggested that the genetic diversity of P. pruinosa was quite high. Among the nine populations, ZP population had the richest genetic diversity, while 14T population had the poorest one. The AMOVA analysis showed that the percentage variation among the populations was 12%, while the percentage variation within the populations was 88%, illustrating that the genetic differentiation of P. pruinosa was quite low. According to the genetic differentiation coefficient, the gene flow between the populations was 2.424. The average genetic distance of the 9 populations was 0.244, and the 14T population and XML population were the closest in genetic distance and the highest in genetic identity. Using unweighted pair group method arithmetic average (UPGMA), the 48T population, 14T population, MGT population, MY population, and SY population were clustered into one group, the AWT population and ALE population were clustered into another group, and the ZP population and XML population were clustered into two independent groups, respectively. The Mantel test also indicated that the genetic distances among the populations had no significant correlations with their geographic distances. In sum, the ZP population had the richest genetic diversity, and thus, should be given a high priority consideration in the P. pruinosa population’s in situ germplasm conservation.

Key words: jellyfish, zooplankton, isotope, food source, ecological niche.