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生态学杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (09): 2404-2411.

• 综述与专论 • 上一篇    下一篇

逆境胁迫下植物DNA损伤和DNA错配修复研究进展

钟鸣1,陈琢1,3,刘宛2**,李培军2,台培东2   

  1. (1沈阳农业大学辽宁省农业生物技术重点实验室, 沈阳 110161; 2中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016; 3沈阳农业大学生物科学技术学院, 沈阳 110866)
  • 出版日期:2012-09-10 发布日期:2012-09-10

DNA damage and DNA mismatch repair of plants under adverse circumstance stress: A review.

ZHONG Ming1, CHEN Zhuo1,3, LIU Wan2**, LI Pei-jun2, TAI Pei-dong2   

  1. (1Key Laboratory of the Biological Technology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; 2Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; 3College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China).
  • Online:2012-09-10 Published:2012-09-10

摘要: 在正常条件下植物体内的基因组是稳定的,但在逆境胁迫条件下(如化学诱变物、紫外线、电离辐射、细菌及真菌毒素、以及代谢过程中产生的活性氧自由基等),细胞DNA容易遭受伤害,其主要损伤形式为碱基改变、脱碱基位点、碱基错配、插入或缺失、嘧啶联合、DNA加合物、DNA链断裂、甲基化损伤、DNA链内和链间交联。这些受损伤的DNA对植物细胞产生遗传毒性或细胞毒性。对DNA损伤进行修复则是机体抵御各种伤害的基础。本文介绍了植物DNA损伤(甲基化损伤、DNA加合物等)和DNA错配修复(DNA mismatch repair,MMR)(原核生物MMR、植物的MMR、植物微卫星的不稳定性)的研究进展。认为植物DNA错配修复基因及MMR突变体在环境毒物生物修复和环境污染的早期诊断与评价方面具有较高的应用前景。

关键词: 糖原, 脂肪, 蛋白质, 能量代谢, 爆发游泳速度, 临界游泳速度

Abstract: The genomic DNAs in plants are quite stable in normal circumstances, but easily to be damaged under adverse circumstance stresses such as chemical mutagens, ultraviolet ray, ionizing radiation, and fungal and bacteria toxins, as well as the reactive oxygen free radicals generated in plant metabolic processes. The main DNA lesions are the altered bases, apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites, mismatch base, deletion or insertion, linked pyrimidines, DNA adducts, DNA strand breaks, methylated damage, and intra and interstrand crosslinks. These DNA lesions could be genotoxic or cytotoxic to plant cells, while the repair of the DNA lesions is the basis of the plant antagonism to all kinds of damage. This paper summarized the research progress on the DNA damage (methylated damage, and DNA adducts) and DNA mismatch repair (procaryotic organism MMR, botanic MMR, and microsatellite instability) of plants. It was considered that in the bioremediation of environmental contaminants and in the early diagnosis and assessment of environmental pollution, plant DNA mismatch repair genes and MMR mutants would have higher application prospective.

Key words: glycogen, lipid, protein, energy metabolism, burst swimming speed, critical swimming speed.