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保水剂与钾肥对旱地马铃薯产量和叶绿素荧光动力学参数的影响

高天鹏1**,郭睿1,王东4,高海宁2,常国华1,3,张鸣1,3,孙海丽1   

  1. (1兰州城市学院城市生态与环境生物技术中心, 兰州 730070; 2河西学院生命科学学院, 甘肃张掖 734000; 3兰州城市学院化学与环境科学学院, 兰州 730070; 4兰州大学生命科学学院, 兰州 730000)
  • 出版日期:2013-05-10 发布日期:2013-05-10

Effects of applying super absorbent polymer and potassium fertilizer on the yield index and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of dry land potato.

GAO Tian-peng1**, GUO Rui1, WANG Dong4, GAO Hai-ning2, CHANG Guo-hua1,3, ZHANG Ming1,3, SUN Hai-li1   

  1. (1Centre of Urban Ecology and Environmental Biotechnology, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou 730070, China; 2School of Life Sciences; Hexi University, Zhangye 734000, Gansu, China; 3School of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences; Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou 730070, China; 4School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China)
  • Online:2013-05-10 Published:2013-05-10

摘要: 以“陇薯3号”为材料,设C1(0.5%保水剂+钾肥60 g·hm-2)、C2(钾肥60 g·hm-2)、C3(0.5%保水剂)、CK(对照)4个试验组,测定叶绿素荧光参数、块茎产量、商薯率等产量指标,从光合效能的角度探讨了保水剂、钾肥对旱地马铃薯叶绿素荧光参数和块茎产量的影响。结果表明:C1处理的出苗率较对照组显著提高9.4%;所有处理的冠幅、茎粗等指标不同程度地高于对照;除C3组中的NPQ值低于对照之外,其余处理的叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm、(Fm′-Fo′)/Fm′、qPETR日均值较CK均有不同程度提高,(Fm′-Ft)/Fm′日变化成“V”型;C1组商薯产量最高;保水剂和钾肥直接影响马铃薯叶绿素荧光动力学参数,增强其光合效能,从而提高旱地马铃薯商品薯产量。

关键词: 畜禽业,  , 粪尿养分, 氮, 磷, 时空变异, 环境风险

Abstract: Taking the potato cultivar Longshu-3 as the object, this paper studied the tuber yield and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under effects of different applications of super absorbent polymer and potassium fertilizer, aimed to approach the effects of applying super absorbent polymer and potassium fertilizer on the yield index and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of dry land potato from the viewpoint of photosynthetic efficiency. Four treatments were installed, i.e., 0.5% of super absorbent polymer + 60 g·hm-2 of potassium fertilizer (C1), 60 g·hm-2 of potassium fertilizer (C2), 0.5% of absorbent polymer (C3), and no super absorbent polymer + no potassium fertilizer (CK). As compared with CK, the emergence percentage in treatment C1 increased significantly by 9.4%. The crown and stem diameter in treatments C1, C2, and C3 were all higher than those in CK, and, except the NPQ in treatment C3 being lower than that in CK, the mean diurnal Fv/Fm,(Fm′-Fo′)/Fm′,qP, and ETR in treatments C1, C2, and C3 werealso increased to some extent. The yield index was the highest in C1. All the results indicated that super absorbent polymer and potassium fertilizer had direct effects on the potato plant chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, manifesting in the increase of photosynthetic efficiency, and thus, improved the tuber yield of upland potato.

Key words: livestock and poultry industry, manure nutrient, nitrogen, phosphorus, spatiotemporal variability, environmental risk.