欢迎访问《生态学杂志》官方网站,今天是 分享到:

生态学杂志

• 方法与技术 • 上一篇    

一株产生物表面活性剂低温细菌的筛选与鉴定

刘畅1,赵伟1,李涛2,王宏燕1**   

  1. 1东北农业大学资源与环境学院, 哈尔滨 150030; 2中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101)
  • 出版日期:2013-04-10 发布日期:2013-04-10

Isolation and identification of a cold-adapted biosurfactant-producing bacterium.

LIU Chang1, ZHAO Wei1, LI Tao2, WANG Hong-yan1**   

  1. (1Resource and Environmental Science Collage, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; 2Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China)
  • Online:2013-04-10 Published:2013-04-10

摘要: 采用血平板培养基及蓝色凝胶平板培养基初筛、排油圈法复筛,从低温环境下自然腐烂秸秆中分离筛选到4株产生物表面活性剂的低温细菌。其中菌株B-17发酵液排油圈达到最大,在5 d内可使发酵液的表面张力由75.47 mN·m-1降至37.49 mN·m-1。通过形态特征、生理生化试验及16S rDNA序列分析,初步鉴定该菌为理研菌属(Petrimonas sp.)。红外光谱分析表明,菌株B-17在代谢过程中能产生糖脂类表面活性物质。该菌发酵液的乳化能力在5 d内仍能保持在75%,具有很好的增溶效果。研究表明,初始pH 7、盐浓度0.4%、温度20 ℃时,对菌株B-17生长和产生物表面活性剂最有利。本研究为低温环境下产生物表面活性剂细菌的开发奠定了基础。

关键词: 红砂, 早期选择, 优良家系, 主成分分析, 隶属函数法

Abstract: By using blood agar plate and blue agar plate as the primary screening media, and oil spreading as the re-screening method, 4 strains of coldadapted biosurfactantproducing bacteria were isolated from the straws under natural decay in low temperature environment. Among the four strains, B17 had the highest oil displacement activity, which could decrease the surface tension of fermentation broth from 75.47 mN·m-1 to 37.49 mN·m-1 within 5 days. Through the analyses of morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence, the strain B17 was preliminarily identified as Petrimonas sp. The results of FT-IR showed that the biosurfactant produced in the metabolic process of the B-17 was a kind of glycolipid. The emulsification activity of the fermentation liquor of the B-17 could maintain at 75% within 5 days, with good solubilizing effect. The optimal culture conditions for the growth of the B-17 and for its producing biosurfactant were initial pH 7, salt concentration 0.4%, and culture temperature 20℃. This study provided a basis for the exploitation of coldadapted biosurfactantproducing bacteria.

Key words: Reaumuria soongorica, early selection, superior family, principal component analysis, membership function method.