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生态学杂志 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (12): 2770-2775.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

流苏石斛(Dendrobium fimbriatum)迁地保护种群的数量动态

刘强1,2,殷寿华1**,兰芹英1   

  1. 1中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园, 云南勐腊 666303;2中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049
  • 出版日期:2011-12-08 发布日期:2011-12-08

Numeric dynamics of ex situ Dendrobium fimbriatum population.

LIU Qiang1,2, YIN Shou-hua1**, LAN Qin-ying1   

  1. 1Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China; 2Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Online:2011-12-08 Published:2011-12-08

摘要: 运用静态生命表、生殖力表和Leslie矩阵模型,研究了保存于中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园兰科植物迁地保护区中的濒危物种流苏石斛种群数量动态过程,评价了流苏石斛的迁地保护效果。结果表明:迁地保护种群的年龄锥体为壶型锥体,种群的净增长率、内禀增长率和周限增长率较低,种群正处于下降态势;Leslie矩阵模型分析表明,在未来50年内,该种群各龄级的个体数及种群总数均表现出持续下降趋势。模型分析发现:1)迁地保护区模拟生境尽管适宜流苏石斛的生长,但由于附着在树上,中龄级个体先端产生的无性繁殖芽不能及时附着在附主上掉落死亡。因此,需要改善迁地保护区的生境条件,如增加岩石生境(流苏石斛野生种群几乎都是岩生的)使幼龄级个体脱落后能够顺利进入种群;2)种群下降的另一主要原因就是中龄级个体繁殖力太低。因此,建议加强对中龄级个体的管理提高繁殖能力以及深入研究实现种子的就地共生萌发,从根本上实现流苏石斛资源的保护。

关键词: 引黄灌区, 猪粪, 麦田, 硝态氮, 淋失

Abstract: By using static life table, fecundity schedule, and Leslie matrix model, this paper studied the numeric dynamics of ex-situ population of endangered orchid Dendrobium fimbriatum in Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and assessed the ex-situ conservation effect of the species. The age pyramid of the population was kettle-shaped, and the net reproduction rate (R0), intrinsic increase rate (rm), and finite increase rate (λ) were lower, being 0.569, -0.089, and 0.915, respectively, indicating that the ex-situ population was in a decreasing trend. The analysis of Leslie matrix model showed that in the next 50 years, the individual number and the total number of the ex-situ population would have a continuous decrease. Based on this analysis, it was suggested that 1) increase the lithophytic habitat in ex-situ conservation to make the asexual reproduction buds grow better after leaving maternal, and 2) enhance the mature individuals’ reproductive capability by assisted management and carry out further study to realize the seed symbiotic germination.

Key words: the Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia, swine manure, winter wheat field, nitrate N, leaching.