水分胁迫对长白山阔叶红松林主要树种生长及生物量分配的影响

生态学杂志 ›› 2004, Vol. ›› Issue (5): 93-97.

水分胁迫对长白山阔叶红松林主要树种生长及生物量分配的影响

肖冬梅, 王淼, 姬兰柱

中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳, 110016

收稿日期:2004-04-02 修回日期:2004-06-14 出版日期:2004-10-10
通讯作者: 肖冬梅,女,1979年生,硕士.主要从事森林健康学、树木生理生态学及全球变化研究.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(39730119);中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所创新项目(SCXZD010102);中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所领域前沿资助项目

Influence of water stress on growth and biomass allocation of dominant tree species in mixed forest of broad-leaved and Korean pine at Changbai Mountain

XIAO Dongmei, WANG Miao, JI Lanzhu

Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

Received:2004-04-02 Revised:2004-06-14 Online:2004-10-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以长白山阔叶红松林主要树种红松、水曲柳、胡桃楸和椴树为研究对象,设置3个水分处理,土壤含水量分别为田间持水量的85%～100%(对照)、65%～85%(MW)、45%～65%(LW)。对不同树种在不同处理下的生长进行测定,结果表明:土壤水分含量对供试树种的单叶面积、单叶干重、叶片数量、茎干重、根长等生长指标均有显著影响。但各个树种对土壤水分胁迫的响应存在明显差异。在中度水分胁迫下,红松和水曲柳在总生物量降低的同时增加了地下生物量的比例,地下生物量/地上生物量值比对照组分别提高了79.31%和23.91%。而胡桃楸和椴树的地下生物量/地上生物量分别比对照组降低了42.32%和7.92%。在重度水分胁迫条件下,供试树种中只有红松的的地下生物量/地上生物量比对照组提高了27.5%,水曲柳、胡桃楸和椴树均呈下降趋势。由此可见,在供试树种中,红松对土壤水分胁迫的适应性最强,水曲柳仅对中度水分胁迫具有一定的适应性,而胡桃楸和椴树均不适宜在干旱的环境中生长。

关键词: 水淹, 干扰, 种间关系, 关联, 协变, 松嫩草原

Abstract: Pinus koraiensis,Fraxinus mandsurica,Juglans mandshurica,Tilia amurensis,the four dominant trees in the mixed forest of broad-leaved and Korean pine at Changbai Mountain,were investigated in terms of their growth responses to different water treatments.The water content were 85% ～100%(CK),65%～85% (MW) and 45%～65%(LW) of field water-holding capacity.The results showed that soil water content had significant effect on the growth indexes such as single leaf area,dry weight of single leaf,number of leaves,dry weight of shoots and root length,etc.However,the responses of tested species to different water stresses were different.Under medium water stress,the ratio values of under-ground biomass/above-ground biomass for P.koraiensis and F. mandsurica increased by 79.31% and 23.91%, compared with that of CK.Whereas,the ratios for J. mandshurica and T. amurensis decreased by 42.32% and 7.92%,respectively.Only P. koraiensis species had high ratio of under-ground biomass/above-ground biomass under severe water stress.Therefore,P. koraiensis was the most drought-tolerant species among the tested tree species, and F. mandsurica only adapted to medium water stress,while J. mandshurica and T.amurensis were unfit for growing in drought conditions.

Key words: Flooding, Disturbance, Interspecific relationships, Association, Co variation, Songnen Steppe

中图分类号:

Q945

肖冬梅, 王淼, 姬兰柱. 水分胁迫对长白山阔叶红松林主要树种生长及生物量分配的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2004, (5): 93-97.

XIAO Dongmei, WANG Miao, JI Lanzhu. Influence of water stress on growth and biomass allocation of dominant tree species in mixed forest of broad-leaved and Korean pine at Changbai Mountain[J]. cje, 2004, (5): 93-97.

参考文献

[1] 王万理.1987.植物对水分的胁迫反应[A].见:植物生理学专题讲座[C].北京:科学出版社,357～369.
[2] 王淼,李秋荣,代力民,等.2001.长白山阔叶红松林主要树种对干旱胁迫的生态反应及生物量分配的初步研究[J].应用生态学报,12(4):496～500.
[3] 孙书存,陈灵芝.2000.辽东栎幼苗对干旱和去叶的生态反应的初步研究[J].生态学报,20(5):893～897.
[4] 孙存华.1999.模拟干旱诱导对藜抗旱力的影响[J].应用生态学报,10(1):16～18.
[5] 宇万太,于永强.2001.植物地下生物量研究进展[J].应用生态学报,12(6):927～932.
[6] 朱维琴,吴良欢,陶勤南.2002.作物根系对干旱胁迫逆境的适应性研究进展[J].土壤与环境,11(4):430～433.
[7] 迟振文,张凤山,李晓晏.1981,长白山北坡森林生态系统水热状况初探[A].见:中国科学院长白山森林生态系统定位站.森林生态系统研究[C].2:167～177.
[8] 韩蕊莲,梁宗锁,邹厚远.1991.四个树种在干旱下的生理适应性研究[J].西北林学院学报,6(4):23～27.
[9] 魏虹,林魁,李凤民,等.2002.有限灌溉对半干旱区春小麦根系发育的影响[J].植物生态学报,24(1):106～110.
[10] Cline RG, Campell GS. 1976. Seasonal and diurnal water relations of selected forest species[ J ]. Ecology., 57: 367～373.
[11] Dale MP, Causton DR. 1992. The ecophysiology of Veronica chamaedary, V. Montana and V. officinalis . The interaction of irradiance and water regime[ J ]. J. Ecol., 80: 493～504.
[12] Givrish TJ. 1980. Adaptation to sun and shade: a whole-plant perspective[J]. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 11:233～260.
[13] Grime JP, Campbell BD, Mackey JML, et al. 1991. Root plasticity, nitrogen capture and competitive ability[A]. In: Atkinson A,ed. Plant Root Growth: an Ecological Perspective[ C]. Oxford:Blakwell Scientific Press, 381～397.
[14] Hsiao TC. 1993. Effect of drought and elevated CO2 on plant water use efficiency and productivity[A]. In: Jackson MB, eds. Interaction Stresses on Plants in A Changing Climate. NATO ASI Series 1: Global Environmental Change Volume 16 [C]. Berlin:Springer- Verlag, 435～465.
[15] Jastrow JD, Miller RM. 1993. Neighbor influences on root morphology and mycorrhizal fungus colonization in tallgrass prairie plants[J]. Ecology., 72(2) :561～569.
[16] Pearson RW. 1966. Soil environment and root development[A].In:Peirre WH, eds. Peirre WH, Plant Ewironment and Efficlent water Wse[ C]. Madison: Amer. Soc. Agron. Soil Soi. Amer, 95 ～126.
[17] Prentice KC. 1990. Bioclimatic distribution of vegetation for GCM studies[J]. J. Geophysics Rese. ,95:811～830.
[18] Schlet PJ, Morshall PE. 1982. Growth and water relation of balek locust and pine seedling exposed tocontrol water stress [ J ]. Can. J.For. Res., 13: 334～335.
[19] Shugart HH. 1990. Using ecosystem models to assess potential consequences of global climatic change [ J ]. Trends Ecol.Evolu., 5: 303～307.
[20] Woodward FL, Emanuel WR. 1995. A global land primary productivity and phytogeography model [ J ]. Global Biogeochem.Cycles., 9(4) :471 ～490.
[21] Wurr DCE. Hand DW, Edmondson RN, et al. 1998. Cliamte change: a response surface study of the effects of CO2 and temperature on the growth of beetroot , carrots and onions[ J]. J. Agric. Sci., 131:125～133.
[22] Young DR, Smith WK. 1980. Influence of sun light on photosynthesis water relations and leaf structure in the understudy species Arnica cordi forlia [J]. Ecology, 61:1380～1390.