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生态学杂志 ›› 2010, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (06): 1193-1197.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

人工巢箱条件下白眉姬鹟的繁殖习性和巢址选择

曹长雷1**;高 玮2;由玉岩2;王继龙2;周 彤2;邓秋香2   

  1. 1长江师范学院生命科学与技术学院,重庆涪陵 408100;2东北师范大学生命科学学院,长春 130024
  • 出版日期:2010-06-10 发布日期:2010-06-10

Nest site selection and reproductive habit of Ficedula zanthopygia in man-made nest box.

CAO Chang-lei1;GAO Wei2|YOU Yu-yan2;WANG Ji-long2;ZHOU Tong2;DENG Qiu-xiang2   

  1. 1College of Life Science and Technology,Yangtze Normal University,Fuling 408100, Chongqing,China;2College of Life Science,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China
  • Online:2010-06-10 Published:2010-06-10

摘要: 2005年2月—2006年7月,通过悬挂人工巢箱,对白眉姬鹟(Ficedula zanthopygia)的繁殖习性和巢址选择进行了初步研究。结果表明:2年间,共悬挂人工巢箱226个,其中25个巢箱被白眉姬鹟利用,以小型山雀式巢箱为主(96%),白眉姬鹟对巢大小有选择性;在人工巢箱条件下,白眉姬鹟的窝卵数为(6.00±0.17)枚,卵长径为(17.45±0.07)mm,卵短径为(13.20±0.06) mm,卵重为(1.54±0.02)g,孵化期为12~14 d,孵化率为88.76%,育雏期为12~14 d,出飞率为96.22%。影响白眉姬鹟巢址选择的主要因素有巢位因子(31.46%)、巢下隐蔽因子(24.67%)、光照因子(15.70%)和食物因子(11.32%)等,其中巢位因子是白眉姬鹟巢址选择中首要考虑的因素;其次是隐蔽性,它可以减少白眉姬鹟被捕食的几率;光照可以提高巢内温度,对于白眉姬鹟的孵化也起到重要作用;食物则保证了繁殖期亲、幼鸟的食物要求。白眉姬鹟的巢材较为广泛,与当地环境密切相关,反映了白眉姬鹟对生境有较强的适应性。

关键词: 阳春砂仁, 热带森林, 次生林

Abstract: From February 2005 to July 2006, 226 man-made nest boxes were put onto a secondary deciduous forest to study the nest site selection and reproductive habit of Ficedula zanthopygia. Twenty five of the 226 boxes were utilized by F.zanthopygia, and 96% of them were of mini-type, suggesting that F. zanthopygia had selectivity on nest box size. The clutch size of F. zanthopygia was 6.00±0.17, egg’s long size was (17.45±0.07) mm and egg’s short size was (13.20±0.06) mm, average egg weight was (1.54±0.02) g, average incubation period and nestling period were  12-14 d, hatch rate was 88.76%, and flying rate was 96.22%. The main factors affecting the nest site selection were nest sit(31.46%), concealment below nest (24.67%), illumination (15.70%), and food (11.32%). Nest site was the uppermost factor in nest site selection. Concealment  was the second, which could reduce prey probability. Illumination could elevate the temperature within nest, playing an important role in hatching. Food was an important factor in satisfying the nutrition of F.zanthopygia in its breeding season. The materials of the nest were miscellaneous and closely related to the local environment, reflecting the stronger adaptability of F. zanthopygia to habitat.

Key words: Amomum villosum, Tropical forest, Secondary forest