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生态学杂志 ›› 2010, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (06): 1068-1074.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

外来入侵植物一年蓬在中国的时空扩散动态及其潜在分布区预测

王 瑞1;王印政2;万方浩1**   

  1. 1中国农业科学院植物保护研究所植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京 100094;2中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室,北京 100093
  • 出版日期:2010-06-10 发布日期:2010-06-10

Spatiotemporal expansion pattern and potential spread of invasive alien plant  |Erigeron annuus (Asteraceae) in China.

WANG Rui1;WANG Yin-zheng2;WAN Fang-hao1   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100094, China;2State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
  • Online:2010-06-10 Published:2010-06-10

摘要: 系统理解外来入侵物种在时间和空间上的扩散模式对预防和控制其传入和扩散具有重要意义。本研究选取在我国具有较强威胁性的入侵植物一年蓬(Erigeron annuus)为对象,以标本和文献数据为基础,通过入侵历史重建和适生区分析,探明了其最早传入的时间及其随后在我国的扩散路线,并预测了其潜在的扩散趋势。一年蓬原产北美洲,1886年传入上海,经过大约50年的停滞期,逐步由东部沿海向内陆扩散蔓延,截止2000年已扩散到了21个省市和自治区。适生区预测显示,一年蓬在我国的适生区仍大于其实际分布区,因此,本研究预测一年蓬还将会继续扩散。易被入侵地区包括除青海、西藏、内蒙古、广东、广西和黑龙江以外的大部分地区,其中河北南部、河南北部、山西、陕西、辽宁中西部和吉林西部不仅属于最适适生区,而且邻近已入侵地区,因此应采取紧急措施防止一年蓬侵入和扩散。

关键词: 氮磷迁移, SWAT模型, 计算机模拟, 遥感, 地理信息系统

Abstract: To understand the spatiotemporal expansion pattern of invasive species is of significance for the control of alien species invasion and spread. The aim of this research is to reconstruct the invasion and expansion processes and to predict the potential spread of Erigeron annuus, one of the threatening invasive plant species in China, and to identify and determine the possible modes of this species early introduction, subsequent expansion route, and potential spread. The reconstruction of the historical invasion processes of E. annuus in China showed that E. annuus first invaded Shanghai in 1886. After a lag phase of 50 years (1880s-1930s), this species expanded its distribution from China eastern coastal area toward inland, and until 2000, invaded 21 provinces. E. annuus would continue its expansion in China. Most areas in China, except Qinghai, Tibet, Inner Mongolia, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Heilongjiang, are likely to be invaded, and their adjacent areas, e.g., southern Hebei, northern Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, western-central Liaoning, and western Jilin, are most liable to be invaded, where urgent measures should be adopted to prevent further invasion of this species.

Key words: N and P transport, SWAT models, Computer modeling, Remote sensing, GIS