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生态学杂志 ›› 2009, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (10): 2094-2101.

• 综述与专论 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄淮海地区农业水问题及保障性对策

王凌河1,2**;赵志轩3;黄站峰4;张诚2;严登华2   

  1. 1大连理工大学土木水利学院,辽宁大连 116023;2中国水利水电科学研究院水资源研究所, 北京 100038;3天津大学建筑工程学院,天津 300072;4长江水利委员会长江勘测规划设计研究院,武汉 430010
  • 出版日期:2009-11-10 发布日期:2009-11-10

Agricultural water use in HuangHuaiHai region: Problems and countermeasures.
 

WANG Ling-he1,2 ;ZHAO Zhi-xuan3;HUANG Zhan-feng4;ZHANG Cheng2;YAN Deng-hua2   

  1. 1School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China;2Department of Water Resources, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China;3School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;4Changjiang Institute of Survey, Design and Research, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan 430010, China
  • Online:2009-11-10 Published:2009-11-10

摘要: 黄淮海地区是中国粮食主产区和农业发展的核心区。自1998年以来,农业用水整体呈下降趋势,但农业用水比例仍在70%以上,总量维持在1000亿m3左右。黄淮海地区农业面临着较为严重的用水危机,其农业水资源可持续性利用的障碍性因素主要有水资源总量相对匮乏、水质恶化、农业用水被挤占、农业用水效率低以及极端水文事件及全球气候变化等。黄淮海地区用水安全的保障性对策主要是:实施南水北调工程和非常规水资源利用,提高农业供水量;加强农业面源污染等水污染治理,改善水质;加强节水型农业建设,合理配置农业水资源,提高用水效率/效益;建设土壤墒情监测和灌溉预报系统,提高农业用水应急处理能力;改革农业水资源管理体制等

关键词: 纸, 反硝化, 生物处理, 硝酸盐

Abstract: HuangHuaiHai region is one of the core areas in food production and agricultural development of China. Since 1998, its agricultural water use is decreasing, but still occupies more than 70% of the total water use, with the amount maintained at about 100 billion m3. This region is facing rather serious water crisis in agriculture, and has the obstacles in its sustaining agricultural water resources utilization, such as the relative scarcity in water resources, deterioration of water quality, competition with other water users, low agricultur water use efficiency, and impacts of extreme meteorological events and global climate change, etc. In order to settle these obstacles to maintain the agricultural water safety in this region, the water supply should be improved with the implement of southtonorth water division and unconventional water resources utilization, the water quality should be improved by water pollution control, the agricultural water use efficiency should be improved by watersaving agricult system construction and rational water resources allocation, and the emergency disposal ability in improving agricultural water use should be strengthened in coupling with soil moisture content monitoring and irrigation prediction system construction. At the same time, the agricultural water resources management system should be reformed.

Key words: Paper, Denitrification, Biological treatment, Nitrate