东北老工业基地煤炭矿区环境问题与生态对策

生态学杂志 ›› 2005, Vol. ›› Issue (3): 287-290.

东北老工业基地煤炭矿区环境问题与生态对策

周启星, 张倩茹

中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所陆地生态过程重点实验室, 沈阳, 110016

收稿日期:2004-10-07 修回日期:2004-11-22 出版日期:2005-03-10
通讯作者: 周启星,男,1963年生,博士,研究员,教授,博士生导师
基金资助:
国家杰出青年科学基金项目(20225722);国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(2004CB418503)

Environmental problems and ecological countermeasures of coal-mining areas in the old industrial base,Northeastern China

ZHOU Qixing, ZHANG Qianru

Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

Received:2004-10-07 Revised:2004-11-22 Online:2005-03-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在对我国东北老工业基地煤炭矿区环境问题进行分析的基础上,提出了解决该地区煤炭矿区环境问题的生态对策,包括着重强调煤炭矿区的生态可持续发展对于采矿工业的复兴具有重要推进作用,而澳大利亚关于最佳实践的经验对于今后采煤矿区的发展具有重要借鉴意义.推行生态多元综合治理的土地复垦-修复模式是今后煤炭矿区环境保护的方向.

关键词: 梅梁湾, 光合有效辐射(PAR), 悬浮物, 衰减系数, 真光层深度

Abstract: On the basis of analyzing main environmental problems in coal-mining areas of the old industrial base,Northeastern China,some ecological solutions were tentatively suggested.These ecological countermeasures included an emphasis on ecological sustainability in coal-mining areas,a valuable reference using the experience of best practices from Australia,and pushing ecological multi-purpose mode of land restoration and remediation integration as an important direction of environmental protection in the area.

Key words: Meiliang Bay, Photosynthetically available radiation (PAR), Suspended solid, Diffuse attenuation coefficient, Euphotic depth

中图分类号:

X503

周启星, 张倩茹. 东北老工业基地煤炭矿区环境问题与生态对策[J]. 生态学杂志, 2005, (3): 287-290.

ZHOU Qixing, ZHANG Qianru . Environmental problems and ecological countermeasures of coal-mining areas in the old industrial base,Northeastern China[J]. cje, 2005, (3): 287-290.

参考文献

[1]孙翠玲,顾万春,郭玉文.1999.废弃矿区生态环境恢复林业复垦技术的研究[J].资源科学,21(3):68～71.
[2]李天瑞.2001.21世纪能源大趋势[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社.
[3]周启星,宋玉芳,孙铁珩.2004.生物修复研究与应用进展[J].自然科学进展,14(7):721～728.
[4]周启星,宋玉芳.2004.污染土壤修复原理与方法[M].北京:科学出版社.
[5]周启星.1995.复合污染生态学[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社.
[6]周启星.2002.从第二届世界水资源论坛看辽宁的水资源危机及对策[J].生态学杂志,21(2):36～39.
[7]周启星.2003.污染生态化学研究与展望[J].中国科学院院刊,18(5):338～342.
[8]林海芳,周启星.2001.与环境管理有关的生态学研究展望[J].生态学杂志,20(3):37～40.
[9]Australian Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry.2002. Ecologically Sustainable Development Criteria & Indicators[R]. Canberra.. Australian Government.
[10]Chaulya SK. 2003. Assessment and management of air quality for an opencast coal mining area [ J ]. J. Environ. Man., 69 ( 4 ):413～426.
[11]Couch WJ. 2002. Strategic resolution of policy, environmental and socio eoonomic impacts in Canadian Arctic diamond mining: BHP's NWT diamond project [ J ]. Imp. Assmt. Proj. Appraisal, 20 (4):265～278.
[12]Deville A, Turpin T. 1996. Indicators of research relevance to ecologically sustainable development and their integration with other R & D indicators in the Asia-Pacific Region [J]. Chemosphere, 33(9): 1777～ 1800.
[13]Donald AD. 1994. Parasites, animal production and sustainable development[J]. Vet Parasitol., 54(1-3) :27～47.
[14]Giannetti BF, Bonilla SH, Almeida CMVB. 2004. Developing ecotechnologies: A possibility to minimize environmental impact in Southern Brazil [ J ]. J. Cleaner Prod., 12 (4): 361 ～ 368.
[15]Hughes DB, Clarke BG. 2003. Surface coal mining and the reclamation of tips, landfills and quarries-some geotechnical case studies from northern England [J]. Int .J. Surface Min., Rec. Environ., 17(2) :67～97.
[16]Spencer RH, Johnston RP. 2002. Technology Best Practices [M].New York:Wiley, 312.
[17]Stewart I. 1996. Ecologically sustainable development: Implications for human health [J]. Aust. Nurs. J., 4(3) :25～7, 38.
[18]United Nations Earth Council. 2002. Ecologically Sustainable Development: From Environment Australia [R]. Paris: United Nations Earth Council.