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硇洲岛海域文昌鱼生长与繁殖特性

冯波;卢伙胜;廖传翼;张静   

  1. 广东海洋大学水产学院, 广东湛江 524025
  • 收稿日期:2007-09-23 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2008-08-10 发布日期:2008-08-10

Growth and reproduction of amphioxus (Branchiostoma belcheri) in Naozhou Island area.

FENG Bo; LU Huo-sheng;LIAO Chuan-yi;ZHANG Jing   

  1. Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524006, Guangdong, China
  • Received:2007-09-23 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2008-08-10 Published:2008-08-10

摘要: 2006年3—12月对硇洲岛海域的文昌鱼及其栖息环境进行了调查,为在该地实施文昌鱼保护措施提供参考依据。结果表明:硇洲岛海域的文昌鱼主要集中分布以20°5535′N,110°31.5′E为中心的周边4.08 km2的狭小范围内;平均资源密度约为209 ind·m-2,最高达到1.053 ind·m-2,平均生物量为40.8 g·m-2,最高达到424 g·m-2;体长组成具明显的季节变动;3—6月为该海域文昌鱼的繁殖期;秋冬季节是文昌鱼的主要补充季节;性腺成熟度和性别比例在不同季节和生长阶段具明显的差异,春季性成熟个体占的比重最大达51%,50%性成熟体长为54 mm;在30~55 mm时,体长范围内雌雄个体的性比接近1,体长>55 mm雌性个体数量明显多于雄性;文昌鱼全年的体质量与体长关系方程为W=0.0014L32898;当体长达到60 mm后文昌鱼资源群体尾数减少系数为0.361 cm-1

关键词: 千岛湖, 景观破碎化, 生物多样性, 乔木, 灌木

Abstract: An investigation was made on the amphioxus (Branchiostoma belcheri) and its habitat environment in Naozhou Island area from March to December 2006, aimed to provide information on the amphioxus conservation in South China Sea. It was found that B. belcher mainly distributed in the narrow range around 20°55.35′N and 110°31.5′E, and covered an area of 4.08 km2. Its average resource density was 209 ind·m-2, with a maximum of 1 053 ind·m-2, and its average biomass was 40.8 g·m-2, with a maximum of 424 g·m-2. Its body length had an obvious seasonal fluctuation, and its spawning season was from March to July. The larva thrived in autumn and winter. There existed great differences in gonad maturity and sex ratio in different seasons and growth stages, with maximum sex maturity ratio up to 51% in spring. The body length at 50% maturity was 54 mm, and the sex ratio in the 30-55 mm length cohort was 1∶1. Females outnumbered males when the body length was above 55 mm. The equation for amphioxus body masslength relationship was W=00014 L3.2898. When the body length reached 60 mm, the reducing coefficient of amphioxus population was 0.361 cm-1.

Key words: Thousand-Island Lake, Landscape fragmentation, Biodiversity, Tree, Shrub