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外源硅对黄瓜叶片组织结构和保水能力的影响

周秀杰1,2;赵红波3;马成仓1;李清芳1   

  1. 1天津师范大学生物学系, 天津 300387; 2淮北煤炭师范学院生命科学学院资源植物生物学安徽省重点实验室, 安徽淮北 235000;3淮北煤炭师范学院附中, 安徽淮北 235000
  • 收稿日期:2008-08-09 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2009-03-10 发布日期:2009-03-10

Effects of exogenous silicon on leaf structure and water-holding capacity of cucumber plant.

ZHOU Xiu-jie1,2;ZHAO Hong-bo3;MA Cheng-cang1;LI Qing-fang1   

  1. 1Department of Biology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China;2Anhui Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Biology, School of Life Science, Huaibei Coal Industry Teachers College, Huaibei 235000, Anhui, China;3Affiliated Middle School, Huaibei Coal Industry Teachers College, Huaibei 235000, Anhui, China
  • Received:2008-08-09 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2009-03-10 Published:2009-03-10

摘要: 利用盆栽试验,研究了施硅(K2SiO3)对黄瓜叶片组织结构和保水能力的影响。结果表明:硅显著增加了黄瓜叶片的厚度(3.03%~4.08%)、表皮层厚度(3.53%~7.23%)、栅栏组织厚度(5.69%~11.52%)及叶片组织紧密度(2.59%~7.11%),降低了叶片比表面积(4.76%~7.14%),显著降低了叶片组织疏松度(2.26%~2.45%),减少了水分蒸腾(25.8%~27.6%),显著提高了叶片含水量(3.25%~3.62%);硅通过改变植株叶片结构而降低蒸腾、提高保水能力,这是硅增强黄瓜抗旱性的重要原因。

关键词: 长期施肥, 有机质, 密度分组, 潮土

Abstract: A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of silicon (K2SiO3) supply on the leaf structure and water-holding capacity of cucumber plant. The results showed that silicon supply increased the leaf thickness by 303%〖KG-*2〗-〖KG-*7〗408%, epidermis thickness by 353%〖KG-*2〗-〖KG-*7〗723%, palisade tissue thickness by 569%〖KG-*2〗-〖KG-*7〗1152%, and cell tense ratio by 259%〖KG-*2〗-〖KG-*7〗711%, and decreased the specific leaf surface area by 476%〖KG-*2〗-〖KG-*7〗714% and sponge ratio by 226%〖KG-*2〗-〖KG-*7〗245%. As a result, the leaf transpiration of cucumber plant decreased by 258%〖KG-*2〗-〖KG-*7〗276%, and the leaf water content increased by 325%〖KG-*2〗-〖KG-*7〗362%. By the alteration of cucumber leaf structure, silicon decreased the leaf transpiration while increased the leaf water-holding capacity, and thus, enhanced the drought resistance of cucumber plant.

Key words: Long-term fertilization, Soil organic matter, Density fraction, Fluvo-aquic soil