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不同海拔梯度糙皮桦和紫果云杉种子的萌发变异

王桔红1,2;张勇1;崔现亮2;杜国祯2   

  1. 1河西学院生态研究所;甘肃张掖 734000;2兰州大学干旱农业生态教育部重点实验室;兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2008-07-11 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2009-04-10 发布日期:2009-04-10

Variations of Betula utilis and Picea purpurea seed germination at different altitudes.

WANG Ju-hong1,2;ZHANG Yong1;CUI Xian-liang2;DU Guo-zhen2   

  1. 1Institute of Ecology,Hexi University,Zhangye 734000;Gansu,China;2Key Laboratory for Arid Agroecology of the Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2008-07-11 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2009-04-10 Published:2009-04-10

摘要: 对青藏高原东缘不同海拔梯度糙皮桦(Betula utilis)和紫果云杉(Picea purpurea)种子经低温贮藏后的萌发进行研究。结果表明: 1)糙皮桦和紫果云杉种子的萌发率和萌发速率随母体植株海拔的升高而增大;2)来自不同海拔的种群,种子的萌发率和萌发速率随低温贮藏时间的延长而增大,尤其是高海拔生境的糙皮桦种子经过较长时期的低温贮藏后(80或160 d,3 ℃~4 ℃),萌发率达到最大(94%和90%)。说明海拔是造成种群间种子萌发能力差异的主要原因之一;不同时期的低温干燥贮藏也不同程度地影响种子的萌发行为,使生长在不同海拔梯度的种群能够通过调节种子的萌发时机降低幼苗建植的死亡风险,保障了物种延续。

关键词: 芦苇, 根茎, 龄级, 芽库, 芽流模型, 碱化草甸, 旱地生境

Abstract: Betula utilis and Picea purpurea seeds were collected from different a ltitudes on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau;and their germination behavior u nder an alternative temperature regime (20 ℃/5 ℃; light/dark;12/12 h) foll owing cold storage (3 ℃〖KG-*2〗-〖KG-*7〗4 ℃; 0;40;80 and 160 days) was s tudied. The results showed that the germination rate of B. utilis and P. p urpurea seeds increased with increasing altitude of their mother plants;and t he seeds from different altitudinal populations tended to increase their germina tion rate with increasing duration of cold storage. In particular;the seeds of B. utilis from high altitude (3000 m) had a maximum germination percentage ( 94% and 90%;respectively) after cold storage for 80 and 160 days. The findings indicated that both the altitude of mother plants and the duration of cold and d ry storage had significant effects on the seed germination behavior of the two s pecies. The adaptive germination strategy;i.e.;regulating the timing of se ed germination;of the population individuals at different altitudes could maxim ize the probability of their seedling survival;and ensure their race proliferat ion.

Key words: Phragmites communis, Rhizome, Age class, Bud bank, Bud flow model, Dry land habitat, Alkalinized meadow