关键词: 沙打旺, 组培根, 培养滤液, 化感作用

Abstract: Under the support of RS and GIS techniques and by using the TM image of 2006, the basic feature and regional difference of avian habitat patterns in Macau were analyzed by Fragstats 33, and the habitat factors with important effects on the avian, such as landscape fragmentation, connectivity, and heterogeneity, were discussed. The results indicated that there was a greater difference in the avian habitat patterns between Macau Peninsula and Coloane and Taipa outlying island, which was highly correlated with urbanization level. In Macau Peninsula, construction land was the matrix, green land was little and fragmented, and the landscape diversity and heterogeneity were low; while in Coloane and Taipa outlying island, woodland was the matrix, the construction land and bare land in its central area were in large patches, and different types of habitat were evenly scattered and had higher connectivity. On the whole, the general pattern of avian habitats in Coloane and Taipa outlying island was better than that in Macau Peninsula. 72 avian species including 48 land bird species and 24 water bird species were recorded in Macau Peninsula, and 146 avian species including 94 land bird species and 52 water bird species were recorded in Coloane and Taipa outlying island. Avian survey data indicated that habitat pattern had definite effects on the avian species, diversity, and evenness. In the regions of Zhujiang River estuary, Macau played an important role in the bird migration and wetland conservation. To meet the habitat requirements of various kinds of birds in Macau, attentions should be paid on the improvement of landscape diversity and heterogeneity and the protection of important avian habitats in the process of urbanization.

Key words: Astragalus adsurgens, Cultured root, Culture filtrate, Allelopathy