半干旱黄土高原沟垄微型集雨产流特征与马铃薯种植技术

生态学杂志 ›› 2005, Vol. ›› Issue (11): 1283-1286.

半干旱黄土高原沟垄微型集雨产流特征与马铃薯种植技术

王琦^1,2, 张恩和¹, 李凤民³, 李锋瑞², 徐长林¹

1. 甘肃农业大学, 兰州, 730070;
2. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 兰州, 730000;
3. 兰州大学干旱与草地农业生态教育部重点实验室, 兰州, 730000

收稿日期:2004-09-10 修回日期:2004-12-10 出版日期:2005-11-10
通讯作者: 张恩和
基金资助:
国家“十五”科技攻关项目(2001BA509B15);甘肃省水利厅资助项目(2005-51)

Runoff generation characters of mini-size water collection by ridges and furrows in semiarid area of Loess Plateau and related potato-planting techniques

WANG Qi^1,2, ZHANG Enhe¹, LI Fengmin³, LI Fengrui², XU Changlin¹

1. Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
2. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Arid and Grassland Agro-Ecology of Education Ministry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2004-09-10 Revised:2004-12-10 Online:2005-11-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对膜垄和土垄的降雨量和径流量进行直线回归分析,结果表明,粘土夯实集雨垄临界产流降雨量为2.83mm,产流后的平均集水效率为24.6%,地膜覆盖集雨垄临界产流降雨量为0.23mm,产流后的平均集水效率为91.1%。在沟垄微型集雨种植马铃薯试验中,30cm垄宽膜垄、45cm垄宽膜垄、60cm垄宽膜垄、30cm垄宽土垄、45cm垄宽土垄和60cm垄宽土垄(沟宽均为60cm)的经济产量分别比传统耕作高173%、168%、119%、28%、24%和18%,水分利用效率分别比传统耕作高3.98、3.74、2.25、1.10、0.93和0.72kg·mm^-1·hm^-2。膜垄种植马铃薯经济产量提高119%～173%,土垄种植马铃薯经济产量提高18%～28%。

关键词: 紫花苜蓿, 干物质产量, 产量性状, 多样性

Abstract: Ridges and furrows rainfall harvesting(RFRH)system with plastic film and compacted soil is being promoted to increase the water availability for improving and sustaining agricultural production in northwest China.This system was built by shaping soil surface with alternated ridges and furrows along contours.Employing straight-line regression analysis method,this paper studied the runoff generation characters of mini-size water collection by ridges and furrows in the semiarid area of Loess Plateau and related potato-planting techniques.The results showed that the minimal rainfall necessary to produce runoff was 2.83 mm for the ridges with compacted soil(SM),and 0.23 mm for those covered with plastic film(MR),with an average runoff efficiency of 24.6% after runoff occurred for SM,and of 91.1% for MR.The tuber yield of MR30,MR45,MR60,SR30,SR45 and SR60 was increased by 173%,168%,119%,28%,24% and 18%,respectively,and water use efficiency was increased by 3.98,3.74,2.25,1.10,0.93 and 0.72 kg·mm^-1·hm^-2,respectively,compared to the control(no ridges).Ridges covered with plastic film could increase the tuber yield by 119%～173%,while those with compacted soil could increase the yield by 18%～28%,compared to the control.

Key words: Alfalfa, Dry matter yield, Yield characteristics, Diversity

中图分类号:

S157

王琦, 张恩和, 李凤民, 李锋瑞, 徐长林. 半干旱黄土高原沟垄微型集雨产流特征与马铃薯种植技术[J]. 生态学杂志, 2005, (11): 1283-1286.

WANG Qi, ZHANG Enhe, LI Fengmin, LI Fengrui, XU Changlin. Runoff generation characters of mini-size water collection by ridges and furrows in semiarid area of Loess Plateau and related potato-planting techniques[J]. cje, 2005, (11): 1283-1286.

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