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生态学杂志 ›› 2005, Vol. ›› Issue (10): 1177-1181.

• 博士论坛 • 上一篇    下一篇

生态恢复和经济发展悖论中毒害草的地位及悖论解决途径

杨渺1, 李贤伟1, 马金星2   

  1. 1. 四川农业大学生态林业工程重点实验室, 雅安, 625014;
    2. 全国畜牧兽医总站, 北京, 100026
  • 收稿日期:2004-12-12 修回日期:2005-04-07 出版日期:2005-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 李贤伟
  • 基金资助:
    国家“十五”攻关项目(2001BA606A-06);四川省重点学科建设资助项目(SZD0419).

Functioning of poisonous and harmful grasses on grassland and dilemma in ecosystem restoration and economic development

YANG Miao1, LI Xianwei1, MA Jinxing2   

  1. 1. Sichuen Province State Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China;
    2. National Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service, Beijing 100026, China
  • Received:2004-12-12 Revised:2005-04-07 Online:2005-10-10

摘要: 探讨了毒害草存在的生态价值、利用价值及毒害草防治的弊端。认为过度放牧是畜牧业陷入困境的主要原因,毒害草的繁衍只是草原退化的直接反映,防除缺乏依据。现有的防治措施存在各种弊端,对环境和生物多样性保护不利;并指出毒害草可以覆盖地面、减少水土流失,对草原生态系统的保护和恢复有利,故认为毒害草的大量繁衍是草原生态系统与放牧系统协同进化的结果,是草原生态系统发展的防御机制,具有极大生态价值。同时提出草原生态系统可持续发展要从人的生存和经济发展着眼,要改变现有生活模式,发展多种经营,实行跨区域经济补偿;要控制人口数量,对现有人口要实现城镇化。

关键词: 黑麦酮酸F, 日本曲霉, 化感作用, 玉米

Abstract: Grassland ecosystem restoration is an urgent problem to be resolved today,but the economic development and local people survival can not be neglected.In considering of this,this paper discussed the ecological and utilization values of poisonous and harmful grasses on grassland.Poisonous and harmful grasses are not so harmful to pasture system as people thought.The competition of light and nutrients and the harm to livestock can not offer us sufficient reasons to get rid of poisonous and harmful plants.Under natural condition,poisonous and harmful grasses can not rival the dominance of pasture grasses,and the emergence of them only indicates the degradation of grassland.This kind of grasses contributes much to ground vegetation coverage and soil erosion prevention,and thus,getting rid of it will be disadvantage to the protection of environment and biodiversity.The flourish of poisonous and harmful plants is the result of the coevolution of grassland ecosystem and pasture system,and also the defense mechanism of grassland ecosystem with high ecological value.The sustainable development of grassland depends on changing local people life mode,developing diversified economy,and implementing trans-regional economic compensation.It is also important to gradually control the increasing population and to actualize urbanization.

Key words: Secalonic acid F, Aspergillus japonicus, Allelopathy, Zea mays

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