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氮输入与其他营养因子交互作用对滨海湿地生态系统影响的研究进展

郝婧,李洪远*   

  1. (南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 天津 300350)
  • 出版日期:2019-09-10 发布日期:2019-09-10

Effects of nitrogen input and its interactions with other nutritional factors on coastal wetland ecosystem: Progress and prospects.

HAO Jing, LI Hong-yuan*   

  1. (College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China).
  • Online:2019-09-10 Published:2019-09-10

摘要: 外源性氮(N)输入对滨海湿地生态系统的影响并非是单一、独立的,而是与其他环境因子共同对生态系统产生作用。以往研究多集中于单一N输入对滨海湿地生态系统要素的影响,缺乏对多因子交互作用的理解,在N输入与其他营养因子交互作用对滨海湿地生态系统的影响及其机制等方面的研究尚不系统深入。本文以外源N输入与盐、碳(C)、磷(P)、硫(S)的交互作用为主线,综述了各类交互作用对滨海湿地生态系统要素的影响,指出了单一营养因子与多因子交互作用对滨海湿地生态系统影响的异质性,归纳出显著促进、显著抑制和无显著交互作用3大类10小类交互类型,并从时间、空间、方法与内容维度上,提出了未来需重点关注的4个方面:1)开展控制试验的长期定位观测;2)探索小尺度控制试验与大尺度应用的转换方式;3)综合考虑滨海湿地营养元素饱和阈值与预测输入最大值,科学设定外源营养元素添加上限;4)构建多环境因子交互作用与植物微生物土壤系统的耦合模型。

关键词: 森林火灾, 风险评估, 气候变化, 可能性, 脆弱性

Abstract: The effects of external nitrogen (N) inputs on coastal wetland ecosystems are not independent, but combined with other environmental factors. Previous studies mainly focused on the effects of single N inputs. Limited information of multi-factor interaction is available, especially the relationship between N and other nutrients. We summarized the interactive effects of nitrogen inputs and other nutritional factors on coastal wetland ecosystems. The results showed that the heterogeneity was presented between effects of single nutrient factor and multi-factor interaction on coastal wetland ecosystems. The interactions can be divided into three types: positive, negative, and neutral. Moreover, four important research directions should be considered in future: (1) carrying out longterm positioning observation of control experiment; (2) exploring the method of transforming small-scale control experiment to large-scale application; (3) comprehensive considering the saturation threshold of nutrient elements and maximum predicted input value to scientifically set the upper line of exogenous nutrient inputs; (4) constructing the coupling model of interaction of multiple environmental factors and plant microbe soil system.

Key words: forest fire, risk assessment, climate change, possibility, vulnerability.