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水位和氮浓度对三江藨草幼苗生长和生物量分配的影响

古勇波1,2,潘艳文2,陈方圆2,娄彦景2*,唐占辉1*   

  1. (1东北师范大学环境学院, 国家环境保护湿地生态与植被恢复重点实验室, 长春 130117;2中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所湿地生态与环境重点实验室, 长白山湿地与生态吉林省联合重点实验室, 长春 130102)
  • 出版日期:2019-08-10 发布日期:2019-08-10

Effects of water level and nitrogen concentration on growth and biomass allocation of Scirpus nipponicus seedlings.

GU Yong-bo1,2, PAN Yan-wen2, CHEN Fang-yuan2, LOU Yan-jing2*, TANG Zhan-hui1*   

  1. (1School of Environment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; 2Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Jilin Provincial Joint Key Laboratory of Changbai Mountain Wetland and Ecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy Sciences, Changchun 130102, China).
  • Online:2019-08-10 Published:2019-08-10

摘要: 以莫莫格国家级自然保护区常见植物三江藨草(Scirpus nipponicus)为研究对象,设置低(5 cm)、中(35 cm)、高(65 cm)3个水位和低(4 mmol·L-1)、中(8 mmol·L-1)、高(12 mmol·L-1)3个氮浓度交互的室内控制实验,探究不同水位和氮浓度对湿地植物三江藨草幼苗生长及生物量分配的影响。结果表明:水位对三江藨草幼苗生长、生物量及其分配均产生显著影响(P<0.05),随着水位的升高,三江藨草株高增加,分株数、球茎数及根生物量降低,根茎、球茎、地下、地上和总生物量均呈先增加后降低的趋势;植株地上生物量分配增加,地下(包括根和球茎)生物量分配降低;氮浓度仅对植株株高、球茎数以及地下与地上部分的生物量分配有显著影响(P<0.05),对分株数及生物量的累积均无显著影响(P>0.05);综合三江藨草幼苗的生长特征和生物量累积,认为其生长的最适宜水位为35 cm;且低水位有利于植株对氮的吸收,高水位和高氮浓度限制植株的生长。

关键词: 大屯海, 湖泊沉积物, 硅藻, 富营养化, 砷污染, 多重环境压力

Abstract: To understand the effects of different water levels and nitrogen concentrations on growth and biomass allocation of Scirpus nipponicus seedlings in Momoge National Nature Reserve, we conducted a controlled experiment with three levels of water depth (5, 35, 65 cm) and three levels of nitrogen  (4, 8, 12 mmol·L-1). The results showed that water levels had significant effects on the growth, biomass accumulation and allocation of S. nipponicusseedlings (P<0.05). With water level increasing, individual height of plant increased, tiller number, tuber number and root biomass decreased, the biomass of rhizome, tuber, belowground, aboveground parts and total biomass all increased first and then decreased, biomass allocation to aboveground increased, but that to belowground (include root and tuber) decreased. Nitrogen concentration had significant effects on the plant height, tuber number, aboveground and belowground biomass allocation (P<0.05), but had no effect on tiller number and biomass accumulation (P>0.05). In summary, the optimum water level for the growth of S. nipponicus seedlings was 35 cm. Low water level had a positive effect on the absorption and utilization of nitrogen by plants. Both high water level and high nitrogen concentration had a negative effect on the growth of S. nipponicus.

Key words: Datun Lake, lake sediment, diatom, eutrophication, arsenic pollution, multiple environmental stressor.