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延胡索根际土壤细菌多样性与结构对毛竹林隙面积的响应

李伟成1,2*,盛海燕3,杨慧敏1,刘姚姚2,张瑞2   

  1. 1国家林业局竹子研究开发中心/浙江省竹子高效加工重点实验室, 杭州 310012;2西南林业大学生命科学学院, 昆明 650224;3杭州环境保护科学研究院, 杭州 310005)
  • 出版日期:2019-06-10 发布日期:2019-06-10

Responses of Corydalis yanhusuo rhizosphere soil bacterial community diversity and structure to gap size in a moso bamboo forest.

LI Wei-cheng1,2*, SHENG Hai-yan3, YANG Hui-min1, LIU Yao-yao2, ZHANG Rui2   

  1. (1 China National Bamboo Research Center/Key Laboratory of High Efficient Processing of Bamboo of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China; 2College of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; 3Hangzhou Environmental Protection Science Institute, Hangzhou 310005, China).
  • Online:2019-06-10 Published:2019-06-10

摘要: 林下经济已成为增加林地产出和提升林业效益的重要途径。为揭示毛竹林隙中早春药用植物——延胡索根际土壤细菌多样性和群落结构的变化趋势,采集大林隙400 m2、中林隙100 m2、小林隙25 m2和郁闭林分4类样地的延胡索根际土样,基于高通量测序结合生境参数,分析其细菌群落多样性和结构变化。结果表明,4类样地的细菌类群达35门104纲195目321科532属,大林隙和中林隙的优势土壤细菌类群OTU所占百分比的次序虽有所不同,但基本表现为酸杆菌门和变形菌门占优,绿弯菌门和放线菌门其次;小林隙和郁闭林分则以变形菌门占绝对优势,其次是放线菌门和拟杆菌门,酸杆菌门成呈弱势。同时,随着林隙面积减小,相对光照强度从全光照直至全光照的10.7%~22.5%,细菌群落在总体数量上处于下降趋势,菌种丰富度和特异性、谱系多样性、菌群多样性和菌群均匀度均下降,郁闭林分优于小林隙。菌群在门和属分类水平的OTU百分比特征与相对光照强度、空气温度的梯度分布有显著相关关系,而与土壤水分含量、空气湿度的梯度趋势相反,未发现与林隙面积、海拔及边界立竹参数的梯度关联性。因此,大中型林隙有利于延胡索根际土壤细菌群落发育,而小林隙并不合适;林隙和郁闭林分可为某些特殊条件下进行更新的菌群提供生长机会,可用土壤微生物相关指标如特征菌群来反映林隙发育过程的变化;相对光照强度和空气温度对人工开辟林隙栽培延胡索的根际土壤菌群影响显著,在调控土壤细菌群落结构和促进土壤生态系统稳定具有重要参考价值。

关键词: 水肥运筹, 微生物多样性, 微生物生物量碳、氮

Abstract: Under-forest economy has become an important way to increase forest output and promote forestry economic benefit. The objective of this study was to identify changes in soil bacterial community diversity and structure in Corydalis yanhusuo(an earlyspring medicinal plant) rhizosphere associated with moso bamboo forest gaps. We collected C. yanhusuo rhizosphere soil samples from plots located in large (400 m2), medium (100 m2), and small forest gaps (25 m2), as well as from the closed stands. Highthroughput sequencing combined with habitat parameters were used to analyze the variations of soil bacterial community diversity and structure among these plots. The results showed that the soil bacterial communities in the four plots contained 35 phyla, 104 classes, 195 orders, 321 families, and 523 genera. Although the specific rankings of the dominant groups in the soil bacterial communities of large and medium forest gaps were different, Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria were overall the most dominant taxa, followed by Chloroflexi and Actinobacteria. In small forest gaps and closed stands, Proteobacteria were dominant, followed by Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes, while Acidobacteria was the least dominant. With the decrease of forest gap size, the relative light intensity dropped to 10.7%-22.5% of full light. The total number of taxa in bacterial communities tended to decrease, and species abundance and specificity, phylogenetic diversity, community diversity, and community evenness all decreased with the decreases of gap size. However, the closedstand habitat was better than the small forest gaps. The operational taxonomic unit (OTU) percentages of bacterial communities at the phylum and genus levels were significantly correlated with light intensity and air temperature, but showed opposite relationship with soil moisture content and air humidity, and had no correlation with forest gap size, altitude and border bamboo parameters. Therefore, large forest gaps were the best one favoring the development of C. yanhusuorhizosphere bacterial communities, while small forest gaps were not suitable for them. Forest gaps and closedstand habitats can provide growth opportunities for different bacterial communities under certain conditions. Consequently, soil microbiological indicators, such as representative communities, can be used as indicators of changes in the development of forest gaps. Relative light intensity and air temperature have great impacts on rhizosphere soil bacterial communities during the artificial creation of forest gaps and cultivation of C. yanhusuo, which are important in regulating soil bacterial community structure and promoting the stability of soil ecosystems.

Key words: irrigation and nitrogen, microbial diversity, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen.