苹果-大豆间作系统细根分布变异及地下竞争

生态学杂志

苹果-大豆间作系统细根分布变异及地下竞争

孙于卜¹,毕华兴^1,2,3,4,5,6*,段航旗¹,彭瑞东¹,王晶晶¹

（¹北京林业大学水土保持学院，北京 100083；²水土保持国家林业局重点实验室，北京 100083；³北京市水土保持工程技术研究中心，北京 100083；⁴林业生态工程教育部工程研究中心，北京 100083；⁵山西吉县森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站，北京 100083；⁶北京林果业生态环境功能提升协同创新中心，北京 102206）

出版日期:2019-02-10 发布日期:2019-02-10

Variation of fine root distribution and belowground competition in apple-soybean intercropping system.

SUN Yu-bo¹, BI Hua-xing^1,2,3,4,5,6*, DUAN Hang-qi¹, PENG Rui-dong¹, WANG Jing-jing¹

(¹College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; ²Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; ³Beijing Engineering Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; ⁴Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; ⁵Jixian County Station, Chinese National Ecosystem Research Network (CNERN), Beijing 100083, China; ⁶Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees, Beijing 102206, China).

Online:2019-02-10 Published:2019-02-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 果农间作系统中各组分细根的空间分布决定了其对土壤水分和养分的竞争能力，细根的空间变异反映了间作系统各组分对地下资源的适应性策略，而细根的生态位重叠程度反映了因生态位重叠而产生的竞争关系。以晋西黄土区典型的苹果大豆间作系统为对象，采用分层挖掘法对苹果树和大豆进行根系取样，定量研究间作系统各组分细根的空间分布变异及地下竞争。结果表明：水平方向苹果细根生物量集中分布在距苹果树行0.5～1.3 m区域，而大豆细根生物量随着距苹果树行距离的增大而逐渐增多；苹果细根生物量在20～40 cm土层分布最多，而大豆细根主要分布在0～20 cm的表土耕作层；与单作系统相比，间作抑制了苹果和大豆细根的生长，并促使间作苹果细根向深层土壤移动，间作大豆细根向上层土壤移动；距苹果树行0.5～2.1 m区域大豆的竞争能力强于苹果，且大豆对苹果的竞争作用在0～20 cm土层深度占绝对优势，而苹果对大豆的竞争作用在20～100 cm土层深度占据优势；随着距苹果树行距离的增加，苹果大豆间作系统的竞争强度逐渐减弱，距苹果树行0.5～1.3 m区域间作系统对地下资源的竞争较为强烈。本研究为苹果大豆间作系统种间关系调控及可持续经营提供了科学依据。

关键词: 浮游植物, 物种多样性, 细胞数量, 胶州湾

Abstract: The spatial distribution of fine roots from different species in a fruit treecrop intercropping system determines their competitive ability to soil moisture and nutrients. The spatial variation of fine roots reflects the adaptive strategy of the components of intercropping systems to belowground resources. The degree of niche overlap of fine roots reflects the competitive relationship due to the overlap of niches. A stratified excavation method was used to examine the spatial distribution variation and belowground competition of fine roots of applecrop intercropping systems in the western Shanxi Province of China. The results showed that the fine root biomass of apple trees was concentrated in the area of 0.5-1.3 m from the apple tree row, while that of soybean increased with increasing distance from the apple tree. The fine roots of apple trees were mostly distributed within the 20-40 cm soil depth, while that of soybean were distributed within the topsoil tillage layer of 0-20 cm. Compared with the monocropping systems, the intercropping system not only inhibited the growth of fine roots of both species, but also promoted the distribution of fine roots of apple trees to deep soil and the fine roots of soybean to the upper soil, respectively. The competitive ability of soybeans was stronger than that of apple trees in the area of 0.5-2.1 m from the apple tree row. The competition effect of soybeans on apple trees was dominant in the 0-20 cm soil depth, while the competition effect of apple trees on soybeans in the 20-100 cm soil depth. With increases of the distance from apple tree row, the competition intensity of applesoybean intercropping system gradually weakened, with the intense competition occurring in the area of 0.5-1.3 m from the apple tree row. Our results provide scientific basis for the regulation of interspecific relationships and sustainable management of the apple soybeanintercropping system.

Key words: Phytoplankton, Species diversity, Cell abundance, Jiaozhou Bay

孙于卜,毕华兴,段航旗,彭瑞东,王晶晶. 苹果-大豆间作系统细根分布变异及地下竞争[J]. 生态学杂志.

SUN Yu-bo, BI Hua-xing, DUAN Hang-qi, PENG Rui-dong, WANG Jing-jing. Variation of fine root distribution and belowground competition in apple-soybean intercropping system.[J]. cje.

[1]	李小鹏, 卜元坤, 陈佳卉, 王永平, 周建云, 李卫忠. 桥山林区辽东栎次生林生态位及多样性特征与林分分布格局的关系 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2024, 43(2): 415-423.
[2]	张露, 李滔, 章叶飞, 王海艳, 习小杰, 朱建强, 杨军. 水深对克氏原鳌虾稻田养殖水体浮游植物群落结构的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(8): 1920-1927.
[3]	江孟宇, 王晓东, 刘晓辉, 梁品文, 袁宇翔. 湖泊冰封期浮游植物研究进展 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(8): 2010-2019.
[4]	张富荣, 金亮, 叶勇. 厦门海沧湾红树林恢复区水体浮游植物群落组成与物种多样性的时空分布 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(7): 1604-1609.
[5]	秦笠, 王宁, 陈佳敏, 高鸿图. 不同恢复方式铁杆蒿群落土壤有机质和团聚体特征 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(6): 1348-1354.
[6]	李雨晗, 丁彦芬, 张畅为, 张强. 南京外秦淮河河岸带草本花卉群落分类与排序 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(5): 1064-1073.
[7]	赵贺, 赵年桦, 李丽, 强壮, 魏杰, 聂竹兰, 沈建忠. 新疆克孜勒河浮游生物群落特征及其与环境因子关系 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(5): 1123-1131.
[8]	谢川, 陈俊华, 谢天资, 刘雅琦, 李羽洁, 刘一丁, 慕长龙. 川中丘陵区人工柏木林林下群落谱系结构 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(4): 804-811.
[9]	张加涛, 张雅荣, 刘亚玲, 索明春, 徐柱文. 不同恢复措施对内蒙古乌拉特中旗荒漠草原植物群落的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(4): 828-837.
[10]	刘英龙, 李秋华, 刘晨, 肖晶. 贵州高原猫跳河流域浮游植物功能群组成特征及其与环境因子之间的关系 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(4): 880-888.
[11]	李晨笛, 杨小波, 李东海, 史建康, 赵俊福, 李龙, 陈琳, 张培春, 田璐嘉. 海南中部山区天然林群落结构与多样性变化 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(3): 513-523.
[12]	王东伟, 陈永进, 周彦锋, 张敏莹, 俞振飞. 淮河中游种质资源保护区浮游植物功能群演替特征及其驱动因子 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(11): 2646-2654.
[13]	孙平宇, 胡韧, 欧林坚, 杨宇峰, 王庆. 广州海珠国家湿地公园河湖连通水系浮游植物功能群特征及其对环境因子的响应 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(11): 2655-2664.
[14]	李岩, 何兴元, 尚佰晓, 陈玮, 张粤, 王艳林. 辽宁浑河源自然保护区蕨类植物组成及物种多样性 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(10): 2434-2440.
[15]	拓行行, 李玉华, 俞瀚林, 李美慧, 晏昕辉, 杨梦茹, 王子临, 温仲明, 李伟. 宁南山区华北落叶松林下草本层群落特征及其影响因素 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(10): 2449-2458.