不同种类盐胁迫对高梁幼苗生长及叶片光合机构功能的影响

生态学杂志

不同种类盐胁迫对高梁幼苗生长及叶片光合机构功能的影响

张会慧¹,龙静泓¹,王均睿¹,吴绪叶¹,马松良¹,宁强¹,许楠^2*

(¹东北农业大学资源与环境学院，哈尔滨 150030；²黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所，哈尔滨 150040)

出版日期:2019-01-10 发布日期:2019-01-10

Effects of different salt stress conditions on growth of sorghum seedlings and function of leaf photosynthetic apparatus.

ZHANG Hui-hui¹, LONG Jing-hong¹, WANG Jun-rui¹, WU Xu-ye¹, MA Song-liang¹, NING Qiang¹, XU Nan^2*

(¹College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 1500302, China; ²Natural Resources and Ecology Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040, China).

Online:2019-01-10 Published:2019-01-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确不同种类盐胁迫对高粱植株生长及叶片光合机构功能的影响，以高粱品种“龙杂17”为试验材料，利用溶液培养、人工模拟盐胁迫的方法，研究了不同Na⁺浓度下2种中性盐(NaCl和Na₂SO₄)及2种碱性盐(NaHCO₃和Na₂CO₃)胁迫对高粱幼苗生长及PSⅡ和PSⅠ功能的影响。结果表明：不同浓度的4种盐胁迫均抑制了高粱幼苗的生长，2种碱性盐胁迫下的抑制程度明显大于2种中性盐，特别是碱性盐Na₂CO₃的抑制作用更显著，中性盐NaCl对高粱幼苗生长的影响最小；4种盐胁迫下均抑制了高粱幼苗叶片的PSⅡ活性，PSⅠ最大氧化还原能力△I/I_o降低；PSⅡ活性的降低主要表现为PSⅡ电子供体侧OEC的活性降低及PSⅡ电子受体侧电子由Q_A向Q_B的传递过程受阻，特别是PSⅡ电子供体侧对盐胁迫的敏感程度明显大于受体侧；4种盐胁迫下高粱幼苗PSⅡ反应中心对光能的捕获及利用能力降低，单位面积有活性反应中心的数量和吸收光能用于电子传递的能量比例均有不同程度的下降，PSⅡ反应中心吸收光能多以热能形式进行耗散；4种盐对高粱生长及光合机构功能的影响顺序为Na₂CO₃>NaHCO₃>Na₂SO₄>NaCl。在盐碱地进行高粱种植和推广时，除了要考虑盐害的影响外，还应该考虑总碱度和碱化度等因素的影响。

关键词: 油蒿, 入渗特征, 降雨脉动, 土壤水分

Abstract: To clarify the effects of different salt stress conditions on the growth and function of photosynthetic apparatus in Sorghum bicolor seedlings, we evaluated the influences of different Na⁺ concentrations of two neutral salts (NaCl and Na₂SO₄) and two alkaline salts (NaHCO₃ and Na₂CO₃) on the seedling growth and functions of photosystem Ⅰ (PSⅠ) and photosystem Ⅱ (PSⅡ) in sorghum variety “Longza No. 17” using hydroponics and simulated salt stress method. The results showed that all the four salt stresses at different concentrations inhibited the growth of sorghum seedlings. The inhibitory effect of the two alkaline salts, especially Na₂CO₃, was significantly stronger than that of both neutral salts. The neutral salt NaCl had the lowest effect on the growth of sorghum seedlings. The PSⅡ activity in the leaves of sorghum seedlings was inhibited and the maximum PSⅠ redox potential (△I/I_o) decreased under all salt stress conditions. The decrease in PSⅡ activity was mainly reflected by the reduction in the activity of oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) on the donor side of PSⅡ and the blockage of electron transfer from Q_A to Q_B on the receptor side of PSⅡ. Especially, the donor side was more sensitive to salt stress than the receptor side of PSⅡ. In addition, under the four salt stress conditions, the ability of PSⅡ reaction center to harvest and utilize light was reduced, as well as the concentration of reaction centers (expressed as per unit leaf area) and the ratio of excitation energy to absorb energy. The absorbed- light energy of PSⅡ reaction center was mainly dissipated in the form of heat energy. The effects of the four salt stress conditions on the growth and function of photosynthetic apparatus were in order as follows: Na₂CO₃>NaHCO₃>Na₂SO₄>NaCl. Therefore, in addition to salt damage, the influence of total alkalinity and the degree of alkalization should be considered while planting sorghum in saline and alkali soils.

Key words: Artemisia ordosica, soil water, rainfall pulse, infiltration characteristics

张会慧,龙静泓,王均睿,吴绪叶,马松良,宁强,许楠. 不同种类盐胁迫对高梁幼苗生长及叶片光合机构功能的影响[J]. 生态学杂志.

ZHANG Hui-hui, LONG Jing-hong, WANG Jun-rui, WU Xu-ye, MA Song-liang, NING Qiang, XU Nan. Effects of different salt stress conditions on growth of sorghum seedlings and function of leaf photosynthetic apparatus.[J]. cje.

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