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半干旱草原区土壤性质对植物群落结构的影响

傅致远1,姜宏2,王国强1*,阿膺兰1,薛宝林1,王红旗1   

  1. 1北京师范大学水科学研究院, 北京 100875;2环境保护部南京环境科学研究所, 南京 210042)
  • 出版日期:2018-03-10 发布日期:2018-03-10

Effects of soil properties on plant community structure in a semi-arid grassland.

FU Zhi-yuan1, JIANG Hong2, WANG Guo-qiang1*, A Ying-lan1, XUE Bao-lin1, WANG Hong-qi1   

  1. (1College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; 2Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environment Protection, Nanjing 210042, China).
  • Online:2018-03-10 Published:2018-03-10

摘要: 本研究以位于内蒙古东部典型半干旱草原区——呼伦贝尔鄂温克族自治旗为研究区,结合野外取样调查和实验室检测分析获取了55组植被和土壤理化性质参数,利用多元统计典范对应排序分析(CCA)法探讨土壤理化性质对植被群落结构空间分布的影响。植被空间分布上表现出轻微退化的趋势,其中退化样方表现出高生物量低多样性特征,过渡样方表现出高多样性低生物量特征,原生样方生物量和多样性都稳定在中间状态。土壤物理性质如颗粒组成、容重等在空间变异不大,而有机质含量、总磷、总氮和土壤水表现出明显的空间差异。在水平方向上,植被变化主要受土壤水含量、总磷、有机质含量及总氮的影响,其中土壤水含量影响作用最大。因此,进一步分析了土壤水垂向分布特征对植被空间变异的影响,表层(0~20 cm)土壤水含量是最重要群落结构影响因子(贡献率为38%),其次是深层(60~80 cm)土壤水含量(贡献率为36.4%),表明植被群落结构不仅受短期降水影响,还受长期气候形势影响。总之,半干旱区草原植被群落结构变化最重要的控制因素是土壤水,其次是土壤有机质、总氮、总磷。

关键词: 东方蜜蜂, 二倍体雄性产生, 平衡选择, 一雌多雄, 产雌孤雌生殖

Abstract: Data of vegetation and soil physicochemical properties were collected from 55 quadrats in a typical semi-arid grassland in Ewenke Tribe Autonomous Qi (Flag), Hulunbuir, easternInner Mongolia, China. The effects of soil physicochemical properties on the spatial distribution of vegetation community were analyzed by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). With respect to its spatial distribution, the vegetation was slightly degraded. The degraded communities showed the characteristics of high biomass and low diversity. The transitional communities showed the characteristics of high diversity and low biomass, and the original communities showed an intermediate state. Soil physical properties, such as particle composition and bulk density, had little spatial variation. In contrast, there were substantial spatial variation in the contents of soil organic matter, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and soil moisture. The horizontal change of plantcommunity structure was mainly driven by soil moisture, total phosphorus, organic matter andtotal nitrogen contents, with soil moisture being the most important factor. The moisture of surface soil (0-20 cm) was the most important factor affecting community structure (with a contribution rate of 38%), followed by the moisture of deep soil (60-80 cm) (with a contribution rate of 36.4%). Such a result indicated that plant community structure was affected not only by shortterm precipitation but also by longterm climate. In conclusion, soil moisture was the most important factor driving the spatial variation of plant community structure in the semi-arid grassland, followed by soil organic matter, total nitrogen  and total phosphorus contents.

Key words: diploid male production, Apis cerana, polyandry, balancing selection, thelytoky.